Abstract:
:The drug habits for 78 confirmed opiate addicts were studied on eight scales from the Process Association Test of Addiction (PATA) for many drug names. Through cluster analysis eight stages of addiction were defined: "to be clean", "to learn about drugs", "to hustle", "to chip" (also "to be high"), to be psychologically dependent or "to need a shot", "to be hooked" "to kick a habit" and "to be in treatment". Associations stimulated by the words heroin and morphine were very similar over the eight stages of addiction in opiate addicts. The subjects were especially inclined to associate morphine and heroin with the most severe level of addiction, "to be hooked". Associations to both methadone and cocaine were elevated at the "hooked" stage, but in other respects associations to these drugs were opposite. Thus, associations to cocaine were focused on the stage of psychological dependence and the lower intermediate stage of addiction, "to chip" and "to be high", whereas associations to methadone suggested a turning away from addiction as indicated by avoidance associations ("to come down" and "to kick a habit") as well as associations to "treatment" and "to be clean". Marijuana, Benzedrine, "goofball" (barbiturates) and alcohol habits were prominent at an intermediate stage of addiction ("to chip" and "to be high"). Avoidance associations were common for Benzedrine and "goofballs" (also pentobarbital) but not for marijuana or alcohol. "Hustling" associations were frequent for marijuana but not for alcohol.
journal_name
Drug Alcohol Dependjournal_title
Drug and alcohol dependenceauthors
Haertzen CA,Ross FEdoi
10.1016/0376-8716(80)90144-1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1980-06-01 00:00:00pages
439-55issue
6eissn
0376-8716issn
1879-0046pii
0376-8716(80)90144-1journal_volume
5pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Self-reported levels of alcohol consumption were recorded from residents of three areas in Britain with different official rates of drinking problems. Previous publications have shown minor area differences in the drinking habits of both sexes. The present analyses found no significant area differences for each sex in...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0376-8716(88)90064-6
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1988-10-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.03.039
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
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更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:2007-03-16 00:00:00
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journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.07.015
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.04.009
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.12.016
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
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更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0376-8716(90)90151-4
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0376-8716(98)00100-8
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0376-8716(01)00140-5
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Despite evidence that cannabinoid receptors are located in movement-related brain regions (e.g., basal ganglia, cerebral cortex, and cerebellum), and that chronic cannabis use is associated with structural and functional brain changes, little is known about the long-term effect of cannabis use on human movem...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.05.017
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This study investigated the applicability of the Chinese versions of Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST) to detect illicit substance use in college students. METHODS:The data arising from a campus prevention program, Screening for Illicit Substance Use in College (SISUC), were utilized to explore the psychomet...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108184
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:A growing area of research suggests that neuroimmunity may impact the pharmacology of opioids. Microglia is a key component of the brain immunity. Preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated that microglial modulators may improve morphine-induced analgesia and prevent the development of tolerance an...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00