Abstract：
:CD4(+) T lymphocytes are the primary cell target for human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1), and these cells are known to express opioid receptors. Due to the need for new treatment approaches to HIV-1 infection, we sought to determine whether the non-selective opioid receptor antagonist naltrexone would affect HIV-1 expression in CD4(+) lymphocyte cultures and whether naltrexone would alter the antiviral properties of zidovudine (AZT) or indinavir. Activated CD4(+) lymphocytes were infected with a monocytotropic or T-cell tropic HIV-1 isolate, and p24 antigen levels were measured in supernatants of drug-treated or untreated (control) cultures. While naltrexone alone did not affect HIV-1 expression, at a concentration of 10(-12)-10(-10) M naltrexone increased the antiviral activity of AZT and indinavir 2-3-fold. Similar findings with a kappa-opioid receptor (KOR) selective antagonist supported the possible involvement of KOR in naltrexone's potentiation of the antiretroviral drugs. The results of this in vitro study suggest that treatment of alcohol or opiate dependent HIV-1-infected patients with naltrexone is unlikely to interfere with the activity of antiretroviral drugs. Also, based upon naltrexone's safety profile and its synergistic activity in vitro, these findings suggest clinical trials should be considered of naltrexone as an adjunctive therapy of HIV-1 infection.
journal_name
Drug Alcohol Dependjournal_title
Drug and alcohol dependenceauthors
Gekker G,Lokensgard JR,Peterson PKdoi
10.1016/s0376-8716(01)00140-5keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-11-01 00:00:00pages
257-63issue
3eissn
0376-8716issn
1879-0046pii
S0376871601001405journal_volume
64pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:New psychoactive stimulants and hallucinogens comprise a range of "designer drugs" that have risen to prominence in the 21st century. The study aimed to: 1. Determine the characteristics, and circumstances of death, of all recorded cases of new psychoactive stimulant and hallucinogen-related death in Austral...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.107556
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The frequency with which adolescents are offered marijuana has been investigated as a predictor of marijuana use. The current study was designed to test whether the number of marijuana offers received provides an indirect path between parental knowledge and adolescents' marijuana use. METHODS:Data from the ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.11.035
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Behavioral economics provides a framework for quantifying drug abuse potential that can inform public health risk, clinical treatment, and research. Hypothetical purchase task (HPT) questionnaires may provide a low-cost and sensitive method by which to measure and predict the appeal of pharmaceutical drugs...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.01.022
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Lipid profiles in the blood are altered in human cocaine users, suggesting that cocaine exposure can induce lipid remodeling. METHODS:Lipid changes in the brain tissues of rats sensitized to cocaine were determined through shotgun lipidomics using electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). We also ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.04.009
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although there has been growing concern in recent years about an escalation in the use of LSD and other hallucinogens, little is known about the distribution of the use of these drugs in the United States population. In order to fill this gap, we used generalized additive models to analyze data from the 1988, 1990, an...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0376-8716(96)01297-5
更新日期：1996-12-11 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Cannabis withdrawal is not recognized in DSM-IV because of doubts about its clinical significance. OBJECTIVES:Assess the phenomenon of cannabis withdrawal and its relationship to relapse in non-treatment-seeking adults. SUBJECTS:Convenience sample of 469 adult cannabis smokers who had made a quit attempt w...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.04.010
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:This paper explores the magnitude of--and extent of overlap between--additive genetic, shared environmental and non-shared environmental influences on lifetime stimulant use and on stimulant abuse/dependence symptoms; the associations between stimulant use and cannabis use and the extent to which these assoc...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.05.023
更新日期：2007-01-12 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Previous research links cigarette use and marijuana use in adolescence with the use of other illicit substances. Limited research, however, has explored whether vaping nicotine and marijuana, along with using these substances through multiple modes of delivery (traditional cigarette/marijuana use and vaping) is...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108469
更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recently, incarcerated individuals are at increased risk of opioid overdose. Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) is an effective way to address opioid use disorder and prevent overdose; however, few jails and prisons in the United States initiate or continue people who are incarcerated on MMT. In the current study, ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.11.023
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Surgical ablation of select brain areas has been frequently used to alleviate psychological dependence on opiate drugs in certain countries. However, ablative brain surgery was stopped in China in 2004 due to the related ethical controversy and possible side effects. Deep brain stimulation (DBS), a less inva...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.09.012
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The beneficial links between engagement in methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) and HIV treatment outcomes have been extensively described. Nevertheless, people who use drugs (PWUD) continue to experience suboptimal HIV treatment outcomes. In this systematic review, we sought to identify components of MMT ser...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108342
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Demand for treatments for severe opioid use disorder is increasing worldwide. The current pharmacotherapy is mainly focused on opioid and adrenergic receptors. The N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) is among other receptors that can also be targeted to treat the disease. Findings from randomized controlle...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.107845
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is associated with problems with processing complex social scenarios. Little is known about the relationship between distinct AUD-related factors (e.g., years of problematic drinking), aspects of cognitive function and dysfunction in individuals diagnosed with AUD, and the relative...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.03.004
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Reduced cardio-vascular health has been found in patients suffering from alcohol dependence. Low cardio-respiratory fitness is an independent predictor of cardio-vascular disease. METHODS:We investigated physical fitness in 22 alcohol-dependent patients 10 days after acute alcohol withdrawal and compared re...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.03.016
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Quantity and frequency of drinking may be used to effectively quantify the severity of alcohol-use. Drinking-severity has been related to neurocognitive impairments in such domains as spatial working memory (SWM). Youth drinking has been associated with altered neurofunctional underpinnings of SWM. The curre...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.03.030
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:This study seeks to identify changes in perceived barriers to alcohol treatment and predictors of treatment use between 1991-92 and 2001-02, to potentially help understand reported reductions in treatment use at this time. Social, economic, and health trends during these 10 years provide a context for the st...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.01.005
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A methadone withdrawal programme (MWP) and a behaviour therapy programme (BTP) were compared in terms of their effectiveness to prevent relapse of heroin addicts after methadone treatment. The BTP incorporated systematic desensitization to effect a decrease in levels of fear of both physical and environmental withdraw...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-8716(80)90193-3
更新日期：1980-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study examines the problem of effective treatment for alcoholic patients with concurrent psychopathology. The subjects were 131 male veterans admitted to the Coatesville Veterans Administration Medical Center. They remained in an alcohol rehabilitation program at least five days following detoxification and were ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-8716(81)90083-1
更新日期：1981-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Contingency management (CM) is efficacious for reducing drug use, but it has rarely been applied to patients with severe and persistent mental health problems. This study evaluated the efficacy of CM for reducing cocaine use in psychiatric patients treated at a community mental health center. METHODS:Ninete...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.10.017
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to determine if substitution of daily methadone with second daily levo-alpha-acetylmethadol (LAAM) would convert non-holders on methadone into holders on LAAM, and to compare plasma concentration-time profiles of (R)-methadone with LAAM and its two metabolites. Sixteen stable methadone mainte...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2004.04.004
更新日期：2004-10-05 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Recent studies suggest a possible causal role for smoking in schizophrenia and psychosis. Most studies have focused on cigarette smoking, the most common form of tobacco use, but other forms of tobacco exist, including smokeless products such as Swedish snuff (or "snus"). METHODS:We explored whether snus us...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.04.035
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) preparations have been traditionally used in Southeast Asia for its medicinal properties. Lately, Kratom use has spread to Europe and the US, where abuse potential and health hazards increasingly emerge. This study is the first to measure systematically Kratom dependence, withdraw...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.03.017
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:To examine the psychosocial correlates of substance use among adolescents in six European countries. DESIGN:Cross-sectional school population survey (ESPAD) based on standardized methodological procedures. SETTING:High schools in six European countries: Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Romania, Slovenia and UK. PARTI...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.05.018
更新日期：2007-01-05 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Healthcare providers can receive waivers to prescribe buprenorphine for opioid use disorder, an evidence-based medication. The United States federal government has undertaken numerous recent efforts to expand access to waivers. This study describes national trends in the U.S. in 2016 and 2018, geospatial cha...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.06.029
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The prevalence of smoking among alcohol abusers is high, yet little is known about this dual-dependency. This study examines mechanisms involved in changing both alcohol and tobacco use concurrently using the transtheoretical model (TTM) measures of change. Alcohol and tobacco dependent outpatients (N=115) entering a ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0376-8716(02)00227-2
更新日期：2003-01-24 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The multi-site Prescription Opioid Addiction Treatment Study (POATS), conducted by the National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network, was the largest clinical trial yet conducted with patients dependent upon prescription opioids (N=653). In addition to main trial results, the study yielded numerous s...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.12.001
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One hundred thirty-nine male veterans receiving treatment for alcoholism were administered the Cornell Medical Index (CMI), neuropsychological tests comprising the Brain Age Quotient (BAQ) and the Group Embedded Figures Test (GEFT). Patients endorsing items on scale J (frequency of illness) of the CMI comprised a freq...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-8716(83)90008-x
更新日期：1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Our objective was to examine the cost of long-term residential (LTR) and outpatient drug-free (ODF) treatments for cocaine-dependent patients participating in the Drug Abuse Treatment Outcome Studies (DATOS), calculate the tangible cost of crime to society, and determine treatment benefits. Subjects were 502 cocaine-d...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0376-8716(99)00083-6
更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present experiment investigated contextual renewal of cocaine seeking and potential methods of attenuating this renewal. Rats were first trained in one context to self-administer cocaine when a discriminative stimulus (tone) was presented. Then, the ABA Group was placed in a second context and responses in tone no...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.03.006
更新日期：2007-10-08 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Despite calls for non-abstinence endpoints in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) for cocaine use disorder, there is a lack of data validating non-abstinence endpoints. We conducted a clinical validation of reduction in cocaine frequency level as a non-abstinence endpoint in RCTs for cocaine use disorder (CUD)...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.107648
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
