Abstract：
BACKGROUND:This paper explores the magnitude of--and extent of overlap between--additive genetic, shared environmental and non-shared environmental influences on lifetime stimulant use and on stimulant abuse/dependence symptoms; the associations between stimulant use and cannabis use and the extent to which these associations can be attributed to common or correlated genetic and environmental influences. METHODS:Self-report data on lifetime stimulant use, abuse/dependence symptoms and corresponding measures of cannabis involvement were collected from a sample of 6265 male and female Australian twins born 1964-1971. RESULTS:Approximately one in five study participants reported lifetime stimulant use while 5% reported experiencing at least one symptom of abuse/dependence. Multivariate genetic model fitting indicated moderate genetic influences on stimulant use (40%) and symptoms (65%) while there was no evidence of sex differences in the magnitude of these influences. Despite some overlap in genetic influences on these measures, approximately 60% of the genetic variance in symptoms was specific to this phenotype. There were also strong genetic and shared environmental correlations between the factors associated with stimulant use and those associated with cannabis use. CONCLUSIONS:There were moderate genetic influences on stimulant use and stimulant abuse/dependence with moderate overlap between the genetic factors associated with these outcomes. Additionally, there were strong associations between measures of lifetime stimulant use and analogous measures of cannabis use which, importantly, could be largely attributed to shared familial risk factors predisposing to both stimulant and cannabis use.
journal_name
Drug Alcohol Dependjournal_title
Drug and alcohol dependenceauthors
Lynskey MT,Grant JD,Li L,Nelson EC,Bucholz KK,Madden PA,Statham D,Martin NG,Heath ACdoi
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.05.023subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-01-12 00:00:00pages
147-53issue
2-3eissn
0376-8716issn
1879-0046pii
S0376-8716(06)00207-9journal_volume
86pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The addictive and euphorogenic properties of cocaine are thought to result from inhibition of the dopamine transporter (DAT). Recent evidence suggests that dopamine and cocaine bind to distinct sites on the transporter protein. Therefore it should be possible to design drugs which specifically inhibit cocaine recognit...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1997-10-25 00:00:00
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更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The debate about cannabis policy in Australia has revolved around the harms that cannabis causes to users and the community, on the one hand, and the harms that are caused by the prohibition of its use, on the other. This paper assesses evidence on: (1) the harms caused to users and the community by cannabis use (deri...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study substantiates previous reports that low platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity is associated with alcoholism. Catechol-o-methyltransferase (COMT) activity in erythrocytes of alcoholics did not differ from that of controls. In 20 male alcoholics low platelet MAO activity was found during the first 3 days ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1983-08-01 00:00:00
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更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.05.019
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Previous research shows that between individuals there is a positive association between medically motivated use and cannabis use frequency and quantity. While between-subjects' analyses are useful for understanding shared vulnerabilities, research has so far not examined within-subjects' relationships which...
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.07.014
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Pre-clinical studies link cannabinoid-1 receptor activation to inflammation and atherosclerotic effects; anti-inflammation and immunosuppression seem to be mediated by cannabinoid-2 receptor activation. In this epidemiological study, we aim to present estimates on suspected cannabis-attributable immunomodula...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.11.017
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Prior research demonstrates that individuals who consume alcohol show diminished inhibitory control towards alcohol-related cues. However, such research contrasts predominantly alcoholic appetitive cues with non-alcoholic, non-appetitive cues (e.g., stationary items). As such, it is not clear whether it is s...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.07.038
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:Boys with serious conduct and substance problems (Antisocial Substance Dependence (ASD)) repeatedly make impulsive and risky decisions in spite of possible negative consequences. Because prefrontal cortex (PFC) is involved in planning behavior in accord with prior rewards and punishments, structural abnormal...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.04.006
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Despite the high rates of comorbidity of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol dependence (AD) in clinical and epidemiological samples, little is known about the prevalence, clinical presentation, course, risk factors and patterns of treatment-seeking of co-occurring PTSD-AD among the general pop...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.04.016
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND/AIMS:We assessed to what extent adolescents use alcohol and cannabis simultaneously and expanded previous research by estimating the proportion of all events of cannabis use that had occurred in relation to drinking. How the prevalence of this form of polysubstance use co-varied with the overall level of alc...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.11.002
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Background Psychiatry inpatients frequently have co-occurring substance use and mental health disorders, which are related to poor post-discharge outcomes. Telephone monitoring is effective in specialty substance use disorder treatment settings in increasing continuing care and 12-step program utilization and improvin...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.09.010
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:The aims of the present study were to determine the direct effect of DRD2 and DRD4, as well as their interaction with parenting (i.e. rejection, overprotection and emotional warmth), on the development of regular alcohol and cannabis use in 1192 Dutch adolescents from the general population. METHODS:Information w...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.10.008
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Little research is available on brief screening instruments for identify those meeting diagnostic criteria for drug dependence or abuse. A brief, four-item screening instrument, called the rapid drug problems screen (RDPS), was developed from a similar instrument for alcohol use disorders, the rapid alcohol problems s...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2003.12.010
更新日期：2004-05-10 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Physical pain is considered a potential predictor of relapse in alcohol-dependent individuals after treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether reductions in pain level during the follow-up period after treatment were associated with lower relapse risk. METHOD:A sample of 366 participants was re...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.11.020
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.09.002
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper examines patterns of self-reported alcohol, tobacco and illicit drug use amongst a representative sample of 600 qualified nurses in the Lothian Region of Scotland. General levels of alcohol use were not exceptional. Even so, levels of tobacco smoking and the use of illicit drugs were higher than for the gen...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-8716(91)90076-b
更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Contingency management (CM) is efficacious for reducing drug use, but it has rarely been applied to patients with severe and persistent mental health problems. This study evaluated the efficacy of CM for reducing cocaine use in psychiatric patients treated at a community mental health center. METHODS:Ninete...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.10.017
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0376-8716(97)00140-3
更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Abuse of psychostimulants, including methamphetamine (MA), has been linked to heightened impulsivity. While previous research has demonstrated differences in impulsivity between MA users and non-substance users, less is known about variability in impulsivity within MA users and whether the severity of MA use...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.01.034
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Given that developing countries (and particularly women in these countries) are at increasing risk for tobacco use, the need for hard data to accurately monitor tobacco use in developing countries is needed. The purpose of this review is to synthesize the available prevalence data on current tobacco use amon...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2005.12.008
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A common observation in the research literature is that children of drug-dependent parents are at significantly heightened risk of adolescent drug use, abuse, and dependence. Recent research indicates that several psychological and interpersonal factors may affect the association between parents' psychoactive substanc...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0376-8716(02)00005-4
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Laboratory studies in which drugs of abuse are self- or experimenter-administered to non-treatment-seeking research volunteers provide valuable data about new pharmacotherapies for substance use disorders, as well as behavioral and performance data for understanding the neurobiology of drug abuse. This paper ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.07.015
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Multiple substance use is a common problem among heroin users. This study aims to describe patterns of multiple substance use one year before and during attendance at methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) programs and associated variables of continued heroin use in MMT clinics in Yunnan, China. METHODS:The ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.12.007
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
