Abstract：
BACKGROUND:Cannabis withdrawal is not recognized in DSM-IV because of doubts about its clinical significance. OBJECTIVES:Assess the phenomenon of cannabis withdrawal and its relationship to relapse in non-treatment-seeking adults. SUBJECTS:Convenience sample of 469 adult cannabis smokers who had made a quit attempt while not in a controlled environment. METHODS:Subjects completed a 176-item Marijuana Quit Questionnaire collecting information on sociodemographic characteristics, cannabis use history, and their "most difficult" cannabis quit attempt. RESULTS:42.4% of subjects had experienced a lifetime withdrawal syndrome, of whom 70.4% reported using cannabis in response to withdrawal. During the index quit attempt, 95.5% of subjects reported > or =1 individual withdrawal symptom (mean [SD] 9.5 [6.1], median 9.0); 43.1% reported > or =10. Number of withdrawal symptoms was significantly associated with greater frequency and amount of cannabis use, but symptoms occurred even in those using less than weekly. Symptoms were usually of > or = moderate intensity and often prompted actions to relieve them. Alcohol (41.5%) and tobacco (48.2%) were used more often than cannabis (33.3%) for this purpose. There was little change during withdrawal in use of other legal or illegal substances. CONCLUSIONS:Cannabis withdrawal is a common syndrome among adults not seeking treatment. The intention to relieve withdrawal symptoms can drive relapse during quit attempts, giving cannabis withdrawal clinical significance as a target of treatment.
journal_name
Drug Alcohol Dependjournal_title
Drug and alcohol dependenceauthors
Levin KH,Copersino ML,Heishman SJ,Liu F,Kelly DL,Boggs DL,Gorelick DAdoi
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.04.010subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-09-01 00:00:00pages
120-7issue
1-2eissn
0376-8716issn
1879-0046pii
S0376-8716(10)00158-4journal_volume
111pub_type
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journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
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journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
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journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
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journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
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journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
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journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.11.007
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journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2003.12.002
更新日期：2004-04-09 00:00:00
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journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.10.013
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
