Abstract:
:The minimal requirements for the regeneration of optic nerve fibers in vitro were established in a serum-free retinal explant preparation. This serum-free preparation was developed as a prerequisite for testing the growth-promoting activity of tissue extracts prepared from the primary target of regenerating fibers. Explants taken from goldfish retinas 14 days after a prior optic nerve crush were capable of long-term survival and regenerated neurite outgrowth without serum or hormonal supplements. Serum-free conditions for explant outgrowth required only a basic Leibovitz (L-15) media containing 0.6% methyl cellulose (MC). Explants were also capable of neurite outgrowth in L-15 media alone when culture dishes were preplated with MC. MC treatment permitted both the regeneration of neurites in serum-free L-15 and a significant increase in the rate and extent of neurite outgrowth when combined with 10% fetal calf serum (FCS). Explants grown in L-15 with both MC and FCS produced a 2.5-fold increase in the length of neurite outgrowth over MC alone and a 1.5-fold increase in the length of neurite outgrowth over FCS alone. MC activity which permitted minimal serum-free regeneration and optimal serum supplemented regeneration was determined to be substrate related. Retinas were dissociated to determine if ganglion cells, like the intact explant, were capable of survival and neurite regeneration in serum-free conditions. These cells survived and extended long neurites when grown in L-15 with FCS or with FCS and MC, but they did not survive in serum-free L-15 with MC. The minimal serum-free conditions for explant survival and neurite regeneration were used as a model system to test the growth-promoting activity of crude tissue extracts prepared from the goldfish brain. Extracts prepared from the primary target region, the optic tectum, stimulated a significant 2.5-fold increase in the length of regenerating neurites. The optic tectal extract (OTex) stimulated outgrowth with significantly high specific activity when compared with extracts of identical protein concentrations prepared from the cerebellum (Cex). At a minimal protein concentration of 150 micrograms/ml, the OTex stimulated a 1.5-fold increase in neurite outgrowth above Cex. These results indicated that a serum-free culture preparation had been established for optic nerve regeneration. This culture system has proven to be an extremely sensitive bioassay model without the masking effect of a serum supplement. Serum-free cultures may be used in further studies to determine the role neurotrophic factors may play in a widely used model of successful central nervous system (CNS) regeneration.
journal_name
J Neurosci Resjournal_title
Journal of neuroscience researchauthors
Johnson JE,Turner JEdoi
10.1002/jnr.490080221subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1982-01-01 00:00:00pages
315-29issue
2-3eissn
0360-4012issn
1097-4547journal_volume
8pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Chloride efflux is known to be involved in the progression of apoptosis in various cell types. We have recently shown that the volume-sensitive outwardly rectifying (VSOR) anion channel serves as the pathway for apoptotic chloride efflux in some cells. In the present study, we tested the neuroprotective effects of dru...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.21279
更新日期:2007-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Cannabinoids bind to two G-protein-coupled receptors, CB1 and CB2, expressed by neurons and cells of the immune system, respectively. Glioma cells (astrocyte-derived brain tumor cells) express cannabinoid receptors, and numerous in vitro and in vivo studies performed in rodents have concluded that apoptosis could be i...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.21757
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In cultured Schwann cells, single-channel and whole-cell K+ currents can be activated by depolarizing the membrane to values more negative than -50 mV. In elevated extracellular K+ concentration ([K+]o), however, single-channel activity and whole-cell currents could be recorded at more negative potentials. Thus, the t...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490280208
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microarray analyses demonstrated that a variety of genes was affected by treatment of cerebellar granule cell neurons with the neurotrophic factor pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF). The genes for neurotrophins, glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and their receptors were regulated differentially in i...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.20196
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.22354
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.24365
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
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doi:10.1002/jnr.20007
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of intracellular proteases (e.g., calpains and caspases) in the pathophysiology of neuronal cell death has been extensively investigated. More recently, accumulating data have suggested that extracellular proteolysis also plays a critical role. The two major systems that modify the extracellular matrix in bra...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490350309
更新日期:1993-06-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.20666
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.23666
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) is a transmembrane protein required, in cholinergic neurons, for selective storage of acetylcholine into synaptic vesicles. Although dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons utilize neuropeptides and amino acids for neurotransmission, we have previously demonstrated the presen...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.10855
更新日期:2004-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Finding inhibitors of the first step of the amyloid cascade, A beta (42) generation, is a major goal of Alzheimer's disease drug development. Two target protease activities, beta-and gamma-secretase, were detected more than 10 years ago but progress in this area has been slow because the enzymes were not identified. U...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/jnr.10393
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(20000201)59:3<430::AID-JNR
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a nominally calcium-free medium, a toxic phospholipase A2, paradoxin, PDX (1-200nM) was able to significantly decrease glutamate uptake by rat hippocampal mini-slices. Under the same experimental conditions, PDX could also inhibit the reuptake of choline and dopamine, suggesting a nonselective action. Furthermore, ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19980201)51:3<349::AID-JNR
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490420510
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19990201)55:3<394::AID-JNR
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The neuron-glia cell adhesion molecule (Ng-CAM) mediates neuron-neuron adhesion by a homophilic mechanism and neuron-astrocyte adhesion by a heterophilic mechanism. The protein is expressed on neurons and Schwann cells but not on astrocytes. It is most prevalent during development on cell bodies of migrating neurons a...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/jnr.490310102
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Germinal matrix (GM) vasculature is selectively vulnerable to hemorrhage in premature infants during the first 48 hr of life. This is attributed to rapid angiogenesis of this brain region, resulting in formation of nascent vessels that show a paucity of pericytes and immaturity of extracellular matrix. Integrins are k...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.22301
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
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更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
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更新日期:2010-08-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490400409
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenic zebrafish technology has been employed to directly visualize and analyze dynamic developmental processes, such as cell migration and morphogenesis. Stable transgenic zebrafish that express GFP in oligodendrocytes can be a valuable tool to visualize complex myelination process...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.20516
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies have demonstrated that neural stem cell (NSC) culture at physiologically normoxic conditions (2-5% O2) is advantageous in terms of neuronal differentiation and survival. Neuronal differentiation is accompanied by a remarkable shift to mitochondrial oxidative metabolism compared with preferentially glyco...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.23615
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuronal development and differentiation is modulated by activity-dependent mechanisms that stimulate endogenous neurogenesis and differentiation to promote adaptive survival of the organism. Studies on bird odor imprinting have shown how sensory stimuli or environmental influences can affect neonatal behavior, presum...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.23966
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been postulated that cellular glutamate is released into the extracellular fluid when the energy supply of the brain is compromised (i.e., anoxia or oxygen/glucose deprivation), and there the amino acid triggers the so-called excitotoxic cascade, causing neuronal death. Several mechanisms for this release have ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.20613
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::HEPES inhibited the taurine uptake in glial cells. A different kind of inhibition was observed when HEPES was present in the culture medium or in the incubation medium used for the taurine-uptake measurement. As an example of a possible interference of HEPES in pharmacological experiments, we have studied the effect o...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490230111
更新日期:1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ca(2+) influx through L-type Ca(2+) channels regulates several different cellular processes in developing Purkinje neurons, including activation of transcription factors and expression of cellular proteins. In the current studies, we examined the age dependence of these actions of Ca(2+) during the early developmental...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.20844
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glycolysis was blocked in the hippocampus of the otherwise unaffected rabbit by perfusion of a previously implanted thin dialysis tube with a medium containing 0.1 mM iodoacetate. The perfusate from the dialysis tube was analyzed for free amino acids with liquid chromatographic separation of ortophthaldialdehyde deriv...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490130403
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00