Abstract:
:Effect of 120 days of continuous exposure of three sublethal concentrations (1/2, 1/4 and 1/8 fractions of 96 h LC50) of Basalin on alkaline phosphatase (Alk P), acid phosphatase (Acid P), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), succinic dehydrogenase (SDH), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) activities in the liver of Nemacheilus denisonii were studied. Alk P, Acid P, LDH, and GPT activities were significantly inhibited, but GOT activities were not significantly altered. More inhibition was observed with the higher concentration, but Acid P, LDH, and GPT activities were significantly inhibited in all three sublethal concentrations.
journal_name
Toxicol Lettjournal_title
Toxicology lettersauthors
Rashatwar SS,Ilyas Rdoi
10.1016/0378-4274(83)90184-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1983-05-01 00:00:00pages
249-52issue
3-4eissn
0378-4274issn
1879-3169pii
0378-4274(83)90184-4journal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章abstract::When used in the risk assessment process, the output from physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models has usually been considered as an exact estimate of dose, ignoring uncertainties in the parameter values used in the model and their impact on model predictions. We have collected experimental data on the vari...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(93)90126-i
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trihalomethanes (THMs; chloroform, bromoform, bromodichloromethane, dibromochloromethane), formed as by-products of chlorine disinfection, are found to occur in combination in drinking water supplies. THMs are metabolized by cytochromes P-450 and are likely substrates of CYP2E1. Therefore, it is possible that mixed ex...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0378-4274(99)00022-3
更新日期:1999-05-20 00:00:00
abstract::Various hypotheses on the origin of cancer stem cells (CSCs) exist, including that CSCs develop from transformed human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSC). Since the polyether antibiotic salinomycin selectively kills CSCs, the present study aims to elucidate the effects of salinomycin on normal hBMSC. The immun...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.02.001
更新日期:2013-04-26 00:00:00
abstract::Activation of the cold-receptor TRPM8 by menthol or other tobacco additives can suppress natural defense reactions such as coughing that usually would become effective as involuntary resistance against the inhalation of fumes. In Europe menthol is only regulated as flavor, but can be used as additive as long as no cha...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.02.020
更新日期:2017-04-05 00:00:00
abstract::Grain should be harvested at lowest possible humidity, or immediately dried to safe storage humidity to prevent the growth of fungi. Critical steps of grain harvest like conditions of used combine harvester, temperatures and aeration are discussed on their impact on mycotoxin formation. ...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2004.04.043
更新日期:2004-10-10 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling has found frequent application in risk assessments where PBPK models serve as important adjuncts to studies on modes of action of xenobiotics. In this regard, studies on mode of action provide insight into both the sites/mechanisms of action and the...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0378-4274(02)00375-2
更新日期:2003-02-18 00:00:00
abstract::Male mice (Q strain) received a single i.p. injection of 14 organophosphorus compounds, including 11 insecticides, administered on separate occasions. After a recovery period of 10 to 15 days, the cytogenic effects were analyzed in primary spermatocytes at diakinesis-metaphase I corresponding to the treatment of A4-B ...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(84)90090-0
更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are multiple lines of evidence showing that environmental toxicants including pesticides may contribute to neuronal cell death. Fipronil (FPN) is a phenylpyrazole insecticide that acts on insect GABA receptors. Although the action of FPN is restricted to insect neuronal or muscular transmitter systems, a few stu...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.02.022
更新日期:2012-05-20 00:00:00
abstract::Increased glutamate release is associated with serious neurological disorders such as epilepsy, stroke, Alzheimer's disease and other brain injuries. Excessive glutamate release and subsequent glutamatergic neuronal stimulation increase the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which in turn induce oxidative st...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0378-4274(98)00233-1
更新日期:1998-12-28 00:00:00
abstract::Cocaine remains a widely abused substance. While most addicts take cocaine intranasally, a considerable number abuse cocaine by mouth. It has been assumed that after oral exposure cocaine is hydrolyzed in the stomach rendering it ineffective. This study investigated the effect of orally administered cocaine on liver f...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0378-4274(01)00412-x
更新日期:2001-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are contaminants that are ubiquitously found in the environment, produced through combustion of organic matter or petrochemicals, and many of which are procarcinogens. The prototypic PAH, benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and the highly carcinogenic dibenzo[def,p]chrysene (DBC) are metabol...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.01.008
更新日期:2017-03-05 00:00:00
abstract::Fenitrothion (FNT) is used worldwide in agricultural and public health settings. Spermatogenesis is a toxicological target of FNT under high-dose exposure. Although anti-androgenic action is postulated to be the mechanism associated with this toxicity, few studies have examined histopathology of androgen-dependent mal...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.12.023
更新日期:2018-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Clinical study showed that smoking during pregnancy deceased the thymus size in newborns. However, the long-term effect remains unclear. This study was aimed to observe the effects of prenatal nicotine exposure (PNE) on the development of thymus and the T-lymphocyte subpopulation in mice offspring from the neonatal to...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.12.015
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chloroacetonitrile (CAN) is a disinfection by-product of chlorination of drinking water. The present study was designed to investigate the potential adverse effects of maternal exposure to CAN on fetal liver in mice. Based on an initial dose-response experiment, CAN (25mg/(kgday)) was given orally to pregnant mice at ...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.06.867
更新日期:2009-10-28 00:00:00
abstract::Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is one of potential risk factors for induction and/or exacerbation of asthma, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. In this study, we investigate the role of SO2 in asthma using a classical asthmatic model with allergic airway inflammation by treating C57BL/6 mice with ovalbumin (...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.12.020
更新日期:2018-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Short- and medium-term rodent bioassays have been proposed under ICH guidelines for use in testing for the carcinogenic potential of pharmaceuticals. Further evaluation of these models is needed urgently and coordinated efforts are in progress worldwide to expand the available database. Models currently being investig...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0378-4274(99)00227-1
更新日期:2000-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::In the olfactory epithelium the primary olfactory neurons are in contact with the environment in the nasal cavity and they are also connected to the olfactory bulbs of the brain. These neurons may therefore provide a pathway by which foreign materials may reach the brain. Inhalation of cobalt-containing dust or fumes ...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0378-4274(03)00266-2
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this work the in vitro reactions of phosphine with intact red blood cells and membrane-free hemoglobin extracts are reported. We demonstrate that phosphine or phosphine derivatives induce dense aggregates of denatured hemoglobin known as 'Heinz bodies' in intact red blood cells. The reaction products include irreve...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(91)90117-o
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ebselen is a seleno-organic compound that causes cell death in several cancer cell types. The mechanisms underlying its deleterious effects have not been fully elucidated. In this study, the effects of ebselen (1 μM-40 μM) on AR42J tumor cells have been examined. Cell viability was studied using AlamarBlue(®) test. Ce...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.07.025
更新日期:2014-09-17 00:00:00
abstract::Euphorbia milii (Euphorbiaceae) is a decorative plant used in gardens and living fences. In China, it has also been employed in herbal remedies for hepatitis and abdominal edema. Since E. milii latex--lyophilized or in natura--proved to be a potent plant molluscicide, its toxicity to non-target organisms has been comp...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0378-4274(03)00303-5
更新日期:2003-11-30 00:00:00
abstract::Aflatoxin is a fungal secondary metabolite with high toxicity that is capable of contaminating various types of food crops. It has been identified as a Group 1 human carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Chronic aflatoxin exposure has caused worldwide concern as a matter of public food safety....
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.07.006
更新日期:2019-10-10 00:00:00
abstract::Numerous chemicals released into the environment by man are able to disrupt the functioning of the endocrine system by binding to estrogen receptors in estrogen-responsive cells. The ability of o,p'-dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane (DDT) and methoxychlor to compete with estradiol for binding to estrogen receptors in M...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(95)03316-5
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aluminum (Al) is a toxic metal, and excessive Al accumulation causes immunosuppression. Deferiprone (DFP) is a well-known chelator and used in dialysis patients for removing Al from tissues. The present study aimed to investigate whether DFP treatment can attenuate immunotoxicity induced by aluminum chloride (AlCl3) i...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.01.007
更新日期:2018-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Tetramethylenedisulfotetramine (TMDT) is a synthetic neurotoxic rodenticide and potential chemical threat agent. Signs of TMDT poisoning include convulsions which can progress into status epilepticus and death. Although clinical reports clearly show that poisoning via food and drink is the main route of exposure, expe...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.03.014
更新日期:2019-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Pyrethroids are neurotoxic insecticides showing significant selective toxicity on insects over mammals, but effects on mammalian nervous system are not negligible. These substances act on the voltage-gated sodium channel, prolonging the duration of the open state. The present study focused on the effect of the pyrethr...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.12.012
更新日期:2017-02-05 00:00:00
abstract::20 non-smokers on a defined diet low in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) were exposed to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) in an unventilated room for 8 h. The urinary mutagenicity in the 24-h urine samples as tested with the Salmonella (TA98) microsome assay did not significantly increase after exposure to eith...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(87)90098-1
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dysglycemia and central nervous system (CNS) complications are the known adverse effects of fluoroquinolone antibiotics. Ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin are among the most prescribed antibiotics. In this study we demonstrate that ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin disturb glucose transport into HepG2 cells and such inhibit...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2008.10.017
更新日期:2009-01-30 00:00:00
abstract::Cocaine (COC) produces hepatotoxicity by a mechanism, which remains undefined, but has been linked to its oxidative metabolism. Ketamine (KET) is also a potentially hepatotoxic agent. The abuse of KET with COC is currently popular among young abusers therefore; this study was conducted to investigate the possible pote...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2004.04.035
更新日期:2004-09-25 00:00:00
abstract::New psychoactive substances (NPS) are an increasing problem in clinical and forensic toxicology. The knowledge of their metabolism is important for toxicological risk assessment and for developing toxicological urine screenings. Considering the huge numbers of NPS annually appearing on the market, metabolism studies s...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.07.901
更新日期:2017-10-05 00:00:00
abstract::Spontaneous and mitomycin C-induced sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) in lymphocytes were analyzed in 24 non-smokers and 24 sex- and age-matched smokers. Mean spontaneous SCE frequency for non-smokers was 9.8 SCEs/cell, and that for smokers was 11.5 SCEs/cell. The difference was statistically significant (P less than ...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(85)90210-3
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00