Phosphine-mediated Heinz body formation and hemoglobin oxidation in human erythrocytes.

abstract：:Localization of specific mRNA and protein molecules within cells and tissues can provide important information on the effects of a drug within a biological test system and help elucidate mechanisms of drug-induced toxicity and organ dysfunction. The most widely used techniques for measuring the cellular and tissue dis...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Kind CN

更新日期：2000-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Although fluoride is known to stimulate bone formation, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Recent studies have implicated the Wnt/β-catenin pathway as a major signaling cascade in bone biology. Our earlier studies highlighted a probable role of canonical Wnt pathway in bone formation of chronic fluori...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Pan L,Shi X,Liu S,Guo X,Zhao M,Cai R,Sun G

更新日期：2014-02-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 1999 issued draft guidelines on carcinogen risk assessment, which included the use mode of action information in the risk assessment process. We have used the five stages of induction of toxicity as described by Aldridge to illustrate in the case of two drugs, tamoxifen ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Lock EA,Smith LL

更新日期：2003-04-11 00:00:00

abstract：:In recent years, the detrimental effects of high iodine on intelligence are gaining tons of attention, but the relationship between high iodine and neurotoxicity is controversial. This study aimed to explore whether high iodine intake may impair intelligence and the roles of apoptosis and autophagy in high iodine-indu...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Cui Y,Zhang Z,Zhang B,Zhao L,Hou C,Zeng Q,Nie J,Yu J,Zhao Y,Gao T,Wang A,Liu H

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite the fact that humans are exposed to multiple forms of mercury (elemental, inorganic, and organic), most research on mercury toxicity has focused on methylmercury (MeHg) and on neurotoxic outcomes and mechanisms. Recent work has indicated that the immunotoxic effects of mercury compounds may be significant cont...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Gardner RM,Nyland JF,Silbergeld EK

更新日期：2010-10-05 00:00:00

abstract：:International scientific committees, regional scientific committees such as those of the European Union, and national regulatory agencies generally use the uncertainly factor approach for establishing acceptable or tolerable intakes of substances that exhibit thresholds of toxicity. No observed adverse effect levels (...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Galli CL,Marinovich M,Lotti M

更新日期：2008-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Rats given calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (CaNa2EDTA), diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), dimercaprol, p-aminosalicylic acid (PAS), or d-penicillamine (penicillamine) i.p. for 7 successive days showed a significant decrease in the activity of hepatic microsomal benzphetamine N-demethylase. Th...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Dalvi RR,McGowan C,Ademoyero A

更新日期：1980-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Saikosaponin-d (SSd), one of the main constituents of the total saikosaponins extracted from Bupleurum falcatum L, possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptosis effect. Recently, SSd was proved to improve depressive symptoms although exhibit hepatotoxicity in animals, but the central nervous system (CNS) toxicity of ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Lixing X,Zhouye J,Liting G,Ruyi Z,Rong Q,Shiping M

更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When considering the state of the art in toxicology from an analytical perspective, the key developments relate to three major areas. (1) Forensic horizon: Today forensic analysis has broadened its scope dramatically, to include workplace toxicology, drug abuse testing, drugs and driving, doping, environmental and vet...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： de Zeeuw RA

更新日期：1998-12-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Troglitazone (Tro) is a thiazolidinedione antidiabetic drug that was withdrawn from the market due to its association with idiosyncratic severe liver injury. Tro has never induced liver injury in experimental animals in vivo. It was assumed that the species differences between human and experimental animals in the pha...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Kakuni M,Morita M,Matsuo K,Katoh Y,Nakajima M,Tateno C,Yokoi T

更新日期：2012-10-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous studies indicated that the enantiomers of thalidomide and its analogue EM12 exhibit differing teratogenic potencies. Unfortunately, these substances proved to be unstable and racemised considerably, so that the intrinsic teratogenic potencies of the pure enantiomers were difficult to elucidate. We have theref...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Hauck RS,Nau H

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nano-materials are currently being used in a variety of fields. One of the concerns associated with their use is their potential to harm human health. In an attempt to identify genes expressed differently in human lung cells (WI-26 VA4) exposed to nanosized (45 nm in diameter) PAMAM (polyamidoamine) dendrimers, we obs...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Lee JH,Cha KE,Kim MS,Hong HW,Chung DJ,Ryu G,Myung H

更新日期：2009-10-28 00:00:00

abstract：:A teratological test was carried out on triphenyltin acetate (TPTA) used as a fungicide and antifouling agent. Pregnant Wistar rats were treated orally with TPTA at dose levels of 0, 1.5, 3.0, 6.0, 9.0 and 12.0 mg/kg/d during days 7-17 of gestation. Cesarean sections were performed on day 20 of gestation. In the pregn...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Noda T,Morita S,Yamano T,Shimizu M,Yamada A

更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Autophagy, which works to remove stress and maintain cellular homeostasis, is usually considered a "pro-survival" signal. Contrarily, apoptosis is programmed "pro-death" machinery. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a group of ubiquitous industrial pollutants. Our previous studies illustrated that a PCB quinone meta...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Shi Q,Wang Y,Dong W,Song E,Song Y

更新日期：2019-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The reliability of human scalp hair as an indicator of mercury vapour exposure is contentious. In this study mercury concentrations in hair were compared with those in blood and urine of 20 dental students during their first "occupational" exposure to mercury vapour. Samples were collected before, at the end of the te...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Wilhelm M,Müller F,Idel H

更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Similar to other types of neuronal degeneration, Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the aggregation of a pathological protein, α-synuclein. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the principal site of protein synthesis, quality control and degradation. Genetic mutants, environmental insults and other factors dist...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Mou Z,Yuan YH,Zhang Z,Song LK,Chen NH

更新日期：2020-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Methamphetamine (METH) is a widely abused psychostimulant. Lactulose is a non-absorbable sugar, which effectively decreases METH-induced neurotoxicity in rat. However, the exact mechanisms need further investigation. In this study, 5-week-old male Sprague Dawley rats received METH (15 mg/kg, 8 intraperitoneal injectio...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Xie XL,He JT,Wang ZT,Xiao HQ,Zhou WT,Du SH,Xue Y,Wang Q

更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Deoxynivalenol (DON), 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (acetylDON) and zearalenone (Ze) were examined for their in vitro effect on mitogen-induced lymphocyte blastogenesis using rat or human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). A dose-dependent reduction of lymphocyte proliferation was demonstrated for each mycotoxin. However, t...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Atkinson HA,Miller K

更新日期：1984-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Allyl alcohol-induced LDH leakage from isolated rat hepatocytes was preceded by a decrease in rhodmine 123 retention, signifying a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. Addition of dithiothreitol (DTT) prevented the drop in membrane potential and completely prevented cell killing by allyl alcohol. In contrast, cyc...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Rikans LE,Cai DY,Hornbook KR

更新日期：1995-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Pregnant rats were given di-n-butyltin dichloride (DBT) by gastric intubation at a dose of 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 or 10.0 mg/kg on days 7-15 of pregnancy. Maternal toxicity occurred in the 7.5 and 10.0 mg/kg groups as evidenced by a significant increase in maternal death and decrease in food consumption and body weight gain...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Ema M,Itami T,Kawasaki H

更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study was to investigate the oxidative effects of Fe(2)O(3), benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) and pyrene, alone or in association (B(a)P or pyrene coated onto Fe(2)O(3) particles), in normal human embryonic lung epithelial cells (L132) in culture. We evaluated: (i) membrane integrity, through fatty acid release ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Garçon G,Shirali P,Garry S,Fontaine M,Zerimech F,Martin A,Hannothiaux MH

更新日期：2000-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Hyperbilirubinemia is a common clinical phenomenon observed in human newborns. A high level of bilirubin can result in severe jaundice and bilirubin encephalopathy. However, the cellular mechanisms underlying bilirubin excitotoxicity are unclear. Our previous studies showed the action of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Yin XL,Liang M,Shi HB,Wang LY,Li CY,Yin SK

更新日期：2016-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Micronucleus (MN) induction by azidothymidine (AZT) in B and T lymphocytes was analyzed by a recently developed MAC (morphology-antibody-chromosome) method which allows the immunologic identification of different cell lineages. An increased frequency of MN in AZT-treated cultures compared with controls was observed. C...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Stern M,Cid MG,Larripa I,Slavutsky I

更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper reviews the results from past regulatory and mechanistic inhalation studies in rats with the type II pyrethroid Cyfluthrin. Apart from many chemical irritants, Cyfluthrin was shown to be a neuroexcitatory agent without any inherent tissue-destructive or irritant property. Thus, any Cyfluthrin-induced neuroe...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Pauluhn J

更新日期：2018-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Benzodiazepines have wide-spread used in pharmacotherapy for their anxiolytic, myorelaxant, hypnotic, amnesic and anticonvulsive properties. Despite benzodiazepines are used in clinics over 50 years, they have not been surprisingly tested for capability to induce major drug-metabolizing cytochromes P450. In the curren...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Vrzal R,Kubesova K,Pavek P,Dvorak Z

更新日期：2010-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Male rats are the most frequently used experimental animals in drug toxicity tests. However, there are clear sex-related differences in toxicity of various drugs and chemicals in rats. These differences, in most cases, are closely connected with the sex-related differences in hepatic drug metabolisms. Recent studies i...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Kato R,Yamazoe Y

更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The influence of cold exposure (+ 1 degree C for 24 h) was studied in rats dosed i.p. with 0, 2.5 or 5.0 mumol HgCl2/kg. Cold exposure of controls caused an increased diuresis and solute elimination, except sodium, with almost no variations in urine alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gammaglutamyl transferase (GGT). Proxi...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Burgat-Sacaze V,Braun JP,Benard P,Eghbali B,Rico A

更新日期：1982-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When pregnant mice were exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), the average time to eye opening in the offspring was shortened by about a day. How acceleration of eye opening by TCDD occurs remains unknown. To reveal the underlying mechanisms of the accelerated eye opening, pregnant mice were intraperit...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Gin DW,Kim HR,Lee DM,Lee SH,Seong AR,Hwang JA,Park JH

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since guanidinoacetic acid (GAA), a precursor of creatine, is synthesized mainly in the proximal tubule of the kidney where gentamicin (GM) nephrotoxicity often occurs, GM-induced renal cell damage was investigated using GAA synthesis in tubular suspension as an indicator. Results obtained were as follows: (1) GAA syn...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Takeda M,Jung KY,Sekine T,Endou H,Koide H

更新日期：1995-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Conversion of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) into hepatic myofibroblasts is a necessary event during the development of liver fibrosis. DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), which catalyzes DNA methylation and subsequently leads to the transcriptional repression of profibrotic genes, is selectively induced in myofibroblasts...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Bian EB,Huang C,Wang H,Chen XX,Zhang L,Lv XW,Li J

更新日期：2014-01-13 00:00:00