Abstract:
:Exposure to Hg2+ below 10 micrometer destroys synaptosomal membrane-associated sialidase of bovine brain in situ. Inhibition by Cu2+ occurs only at relatively higher concentrations, and is demonstrable after the synaptosomal membrane preparation has been presaturated with Cu2+ . Pb2+ does not inhibit enzymatic activity. Hg2+ does not exert a significant effect on the free energy of association of monomeric brain gangliosides into aggregates, or on the stability of the aggregate forms, as estimated by ultracentrifugal analysis of the ion-independent moment of ganglioside micelles as a function of concentration. Hg2+ inhibits synaptic membrane sialidase acting both in situ on the native sialocompounds in the membrane, or on exogenous ganglioside. Kinetic analyses of the exogenous activity in membranes exposed to Hg2+ reveal lowered Vmax values but no substantial change in Km for synaptosomal membrane gangliosides. These findings suggest that the powerful inhibitory effect exerted by Hg2+ on nerve ending membrane sialidase is enzyme directed, not substrate directed. It may be postulated that part of the neurotoxic effect of low levels of Hg2+ stems from an interference with synaptic metabolism by the destruction of membrane-associated sialidase. This enzyme can serve the purpose of modulation of synaptic negative charge density by releasing bound, strongly anionic, sialic acid from highly concentrated sialocompounds in the membrane.
journal_name
Neurochem Resjournal_title
Neurochemical researchauthors
Yohe HC,Rosenberg Adoi
10.1007/BF00964363subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1978-02-01 00:00:00pages
101-13issue
1eissn
0364-3190issn
1573-6903journal_volume
3pub_type
杂志文章abstract::We have previously shown that 5-methyltetrahydrofolate influences neuro-secretion. The present study more precisely characterises the processes involved and considers one probable site of action. Focusing on the tyrosine-noradrenalin axis in cerebellum we showed 5-methyltetrahydrofolate causes a significant reduction ...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01705542
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Brain regional 5-HT (5-hydroxytryptamine) and 5-HIAA (5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid) concentrations in male LE rats at three times were measured by a fluorescence method, to evaluate effects of intracranial surgery and administration of melatonin on the changes in these compounds during the first part of the dark phas...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00965929
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Incubation of [3H]-tyrosine methionine5-enkephalin (MET) with human brain preparations (100,000g supernatant; sections of the limbic system, thalamus, basal ganglia, cerebellum, and cortex) results in its rapid and complete degradation; over 95% of the initial labeled tyrosine is recovered as the free aminoacid within...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11064-007-9418-6
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Zinc (Zn2+) was shown to invariably inhibit muscimol-stimulated 36Cl- uptake by synaptoneurosomes in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum. The Zn2+ sensitivity of the GABAA receptor-gated 36Cl- uptake in the cerebral cortex was comparable to that in the hippocampus, whereas the uptake in the cerebellum was ...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02532346
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Numerous studies have demonstrated that the Acetyl Coenzyme A-dependent arylamine NAT enzyme exist in many tissues of experimental animals including humans, and that NAT has been shown to be exist in mouse brain tissue. Increased NAT activity levels are associated with increased sensitivity to the mutagenic effects of...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1007632326953
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Ca(2+)-dependent release of aspartate from hippocampal preparations was first reported 35 years ago, but the functional significance of this process remains uncertain. Aspartate satisfies all the criteria normally required for identification of a CNS transmitter. It is synthesized in nerve terminals, is accumulate...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11064-010-0291-3
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) has been proposed as an animal model for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The behavioural problems have been suggested to be secondary to altered reinforcement mechanisms in which nucleus accumbens dopaminergic activity plays an important role. Interaction betwe...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00973098
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experimental hyperphenylalaninemia has been induced in 5-day-old chicks by dietary treatments with phenylalanine and alpha-methylphenylalanine. An increase of nearly 8-fold in plasma Phe/Tyr ratio was found after 4 days of supplementation the standard diet with 5% phenylalanine plus 0.4% alpha-methylphenylalanine. The...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00973296
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mitochondrially bound brain hexokinase is solubilized by anesthetics and this effect has been suggested to contribute to anesthesia. In the present investigation the influence of the metabolic inhibitor 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DOG) was studied. An isolated rat brain preparation was used to avoid the contribution of perip...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00965526
更新日期:1982-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Proteasome inhibition has been observed in many neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Here, the effect of proteasome inhibition on the morphology of cultured rat cortical astrocytes was investigated. Increasing evidence suggests that the function of astrocytes is related close...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11064-008-9830-6
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive and lethal form of brain tumor. However, therapeutic strategies against malignant gliomas have not been completely established. Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) is an essential gene for skeletal development but its regulatory role in the malignant progression of gli...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11064-018-2626-4
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sex differences exist in the functioning of the two brain corticosteroid receptor systems. Ovarian steroid replacement alters receptor mRNA expression, receptor binding capacities, and receptor affinity. The abundance of both mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) message can be reduced by es...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1023/a:1022023207326
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have utilized quantitative autoradiography with the GABA(A) receptor chloride channel blocker [35S]t-butylbicyclophosphorothionate ([35S]TBPS) in rodent brain sections to investigate if differential proton modulation of various GABA(A) receptor subtypes expressed in various brain regions are differentially sensitiv...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/b:nere.0000018849.54169.c4
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have measured the postnatal development and GABA modulation of benzodiazepine receptors in neuronal membranes from vitamin B-6 deficient and normal rats. In rats fed vitamin B-6 adequate and deficient diets there were age-dependent changes in [3H]flunitrazepam binding site affinity and in the number of binding site...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00975043
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The presynaptic dopamine (DA) D2 receptor-mediated regulation of ATP-sensitive potassium (K+ATP) channels was examined in slices of the rat caudate-putamen. When slices were incubated with the specific D2 receptor antagonist (-)-sulpiride (SLP), a concentration-dependent increase of extracellular DA release was observ...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1026620316090
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Because it appears that oxidative stress and inflammation are implicated with disease pathogenesis in the diabetic brain, many researchers have used streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic animals to study superoxide production and the effects of superoxide scavengers like Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1). However, man...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11064-010-0280-6
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastative neurodegenerative disorder with complex etiology. Apoptosis, a biological process that plays an essential role in normal physiology to oust a few cells and contribute to the normal growth, when impaired or influenced by various factors such as Bcl2, Bax, caspases, amyloid beta...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11064-014-1454-4
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of senescence on the binding characteristics of muscarinic receptors by using [3H]quinuclidinyl benzilate ([3H]QNB) and [3H]N-methylscopolamine ([3H]NMS) as ligands in young (3 months), middle-age (10 months) and old (24 months) male Fischer 344 rats. M...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00971637
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The real time dynamics of K+ evoked neurosecretion in cerebellar slices has been monitored electrochemically. In the presence of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate a statistically significant diminution in secretory response occurs. Agonists to probe the pharmacological basis for this indicate it is not due to voltage sensitive...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00966940
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::cDNA microarray analysis of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium (MPP+) toxicity (1 mM, 72 h) in undifferentiated SH-SY5Y cells identified 48 genes that displayed a signal intensity greater than the mean of all differentially expressed genes and a two-fold or greater difference in normalized expression. RT-PCR analysis of a s...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1026179926780
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diisopropyl phosphorofluoridate (DFP) produces organophosphorus ester-induced delayed neurotoxicity (OPIDN) in sensitive species. We have investigated the in vivo and in vitro effects of DFP on hen brain tubulin polymerization. Hens were treated with a single dose of DFP (1.7 mg/kg, sc.), and were sacrificed after 18-...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00967321
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxidative stress is known to induce cell death in a wide variety of cell types, apparently by modulating intracellular signaling pathways. Activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in oxidative stress remains controversial. In some cellular systems, the ERK activation is associated with protection agai...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11064-005-2449-y
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thiamine deficiency (TD) produces severe neurodegenerative lesions. Studies have suggested that primary neurodegenerative events are associated with both oxidative stress and inflammation. Very little is known about the downstream effects on intracellular signaling pathways involved in neuronal death. The primary aim ...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11064-020-02975-7
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The kinetics of the uptake of p-tyramine, m-tyramine, and dopamine were investigated in slices of the hypothalamus and striatum of the rat in the presence of nialamide. When uptake was analyzed by a least-squares fit to a Lineweaver-Burk plot, each amine appeared to be concentrated by both a "low"-affinity and a "high...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00964440
更新日期:1979-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The lysosomal degradation of several sphingolipids requires the presence of four small glycoproteins called saposins, generated by proteolytic processing of a common precursor, prosaposin. Saposins share several structural properties, including six similarly located cysteines forming three disulfide bridges with the s...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1023/a:1022530508763
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Activation of cholinergic muscarinic receptors results in an increased turnover of membrane inositol phospholipids. In rat cerebral cortex slices, carbachol- and acetylcholine-induced inositol phosphates ([3H]InsPs) accumulation is maximal in 7 day-old rats and lowest in adults, while the density of muscarinic binding...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00969181
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Effects of single and repeated doses of acrylamide on fast and slow axonal transport of radio labeled proteins following the injection of L-[4,5-3H] leucine have been studied in the optic system of male Sprague-Dawley rats. A single dose of acrylamide (100 mg/kg) had no effect, but higher concentrations (200-300 mg/kg...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00973750
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cloned fragments of members of the Drosophila and mouse major heat shock (hsp70) gene family were used to demonstrate that homologous sequences are present in the rabbit genome. After a physiologically relevant increase in body temperature of 3 degrees C, transcription of inducible hsp70 genes is detected in both the ...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00964846
更新日期:1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study attempted to investigate the possible involvement of the brain stem noradrenergic system in the development of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Steady-state norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid concentrations and norepinephrine turnover were determined in the in...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00969761
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report here the isolation of fractions enriched in components of the myelin-like membranes surrounding the giant axons of the earthworm. Lumbricus terrestris L. The composition and purity of the fractions have been assessed using SDS-protein electrophoresis, Western immunoblots, and electron microscopy. Preliminary...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00970759
更新日期:1988-09-01 00:00:00