Abstract:
:Type III collagen is often found in the same tissues as type I collagen, yet the function and nature of the fibrils formed by the two collagens differ markedly. To understand the evolutionary history of the collagen gene family in more detail, we isolated the gene for type III collagen and compared its structure with that of the gene for alpha 2(I) collagen. This comparison points to a remarkable conservation in the size distribution of the exons coding for the helical part of these two collagen polypeptides: equivalent amino acid segments in the helical domain of each polypeptide are encoded by exons of equal sizes in each gene. This suggests that after the interstitial collagen genes had been duplicated from a common ancestor about 2-5 X 10(8) years ago, no recombinations between these exons were tolerated, although the same recombinational phenomena must have played an important part in shaping the structure of the progenitor for these genes. This fixation of the size distribution of the exons which code for the interstitial collagen helical domains is found despite the persistence in these exons of sequence elements that should have favoured recombinational rearrangements, and contrasts with the variations in the pattern of sizes of some exons coding for the amino and carboxyl propeptides of these collagens.
journal_name
Naturejournal_title
Natureauthors
Yamada Y,Liau G,Mudryj M,Obici S,de Crombrugghe Bdoi
10.1038/310333a0subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1984-07-26 00:00:00pages
333-7issue
5975eissn
0028-0836issn
1476-4687journal_volume
310pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
NATURE文献大全abstract::Fixed nitrogen (N) often limits the growth of organisms in terrestrial and aquatic biomes, and N availability has been important in controlling the CO2 balance of modern and ancient oceans. The fixation of atmospheric dinitrogen gas (N2) to ammonia is catalysed by nitrogenase and provides a fixed N for N-limited envir...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/35088063
更新日期:2001-08-09 00:00:00
abstract::Metallothioneins are small cysteine-rich proteins that bind heavy metals such as zinc, cadmium, copper and mercury. Recent interest in these proteins has focused on the part they play in zinc metabolism and heavy metal detoxification. Our interest in metallothionein genes stems largely from the observations that these...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/292267a0
更新日期:1981-07-16 00:00:00
abstract::The direct involvement of the pituitary-adrenal axis in birth has been well established, at least in sheep, and its removal prolongs pregnancy. As part of the process the fetal sheep adrenal grows rapidly during the 10-15 d prepartum and is associated with a large rise in the plasma corticosteroid concentration. This ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/284616a0
更新日期:1980-04-17 00:00:00
abstract::Retinoic acid is a vitamin A derivative with striking effects on development and cell differentiation. Several nuclear retinoic acid receptors (RARs), acting as ligand-inducible transcription factors, have been characterized and indirect evidence suggests that they have distinct roles. One of the most intriguing prope...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/347558a0
更新日期:1990-10-11 00:00:00
abstract::During lymphocyte development, cellular proliferation and positive and negative selection events ensure the production of T and B lymphocytes bearing highly diverse, but self-tolerant, repertoires of antigen receptors. These processes are initiated when engagement of growth-factor receptors, or the T and B lymphocyte ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/374474a0
更新日期:1995-03-30 00:00:00
abstract:: ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 评论,信件
doi:10.1038/d41586-019-00232-8
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Change history: In this Letter, the final two pages of the Supplementary Information, which included two tables listing primer and antibodies, respectively, were missing; see accompanying Amendment for the missing Supplementary Tables. This Letter has not been corrected online. ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1328-7
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::To understand the mechanism of muscular contraction and its regulation by Ca2+ (ref. 3), it is important to know the arrangement and configuration of the myosin heads in the space between thin and thick filaments in relaxed muscle. This information is still lacking, mainly because the myosin reflections in the X-ray d...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/302069a0
更新日期:1983-03-03 00:00:00
abstract::Clouds on Titan result from the condensation of methane and ethane and, as on other planets, are primarily structured by circulation of the atmosphere. At present, cloud activity mainly occurs in the southern (summer) hemisphere, arising near the pole and at mid-latitudes from cumulus updrafts triggered by surface hea...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature08014
更新日期:2009-06-04 00:00:00
abstract::In Dictyostelium discoideum, carbohydrate binding proteins (CBPs) or lectins have been implicated in the molecular basis of cellular cohesion. To determine the role of these CBPs, we have attempted to isolate structural gene mutants in which the CBPs have a defective affinity for carbohydrate ligands. We now report th...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/279215a0
更新日期:1979-05-17 00:00:00
abstract::IgE and its receptors are believed to have evolved as a mechanism to protect mammals against parasites. But other and intrinsically innocuous antigens can subvert this system to provoke an allergic response. For human populations in industrialized countries, allergy and asthma now represent a far greater threat than p...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/366421a0
更新日期:1993-12-02 00:00:00
abstract::Since 1814, when rubella was first described, the origins of the disease and its causative agent, rubella virus (Matonaviridae: Rubivirus), have remained unclear1. Here we describe ruhugu virus and rustrela virus in Africa and Europe, respectively, which are, to our knowledge, the first known relatives of rubella viru...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2812-9
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacterial toxins represent a vast reservoir of biochemical diversity that can be repurposed for biomedical applications. Such proteins include a group of predicted interbacterial toxins of the deaminase superfamily, members of which have found application in gene-editing techniques1,2. Because previously described cyt...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2477-4
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hen egg-white lysozyme (HEWL) was the first enzyme to have its three-dimensional structure determined by X-ray diffraction techniques. A catalytic mechanism, featuring a long-lived oxocarbenium-ion intermediate, was proposed on the basis of model-building studies. The 'Phillips' mechanism is widely held as the paradig...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/35090602
更新日期:2001-08-23 00:00:00
abstract::RNase P is the only endonuclease responsible for processing the 5' end of transfer RNA by cleaving a precursor and leading to tRNA maturation. It contains an RNA component and a protein component and has been identified in all organisms. It was one of the first catalytic RNAs identified and the first that acts as a mu...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature01386
更新日期:2003-02-13 00:00:00
abstract::The most basic objection to human embryonic stem (ES) cell research is rooted in the fact that ES cell derivation deprives embryos of any further potential to develop into a complete human being. ES cell lines are conventionally isolated from the inner cell mass of blastocysts and, in a few instances, from cleavage st...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature04277
更新日期:2006-01-12 00:00:00
abstract::The long-term exchange of volatile species (such as water, carbon, nitrogen and the noble gases) between deep Earth and surface reservoirs controls the habitability of the Earth's surface. The present-day volatile budget of the mantle reflects the integrated history of outgassing and retention of primordial volatiles ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0388-4
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bilingual individuals need effective mechanisms to prevent interference from one language while processing material in the other. Here we show, using event-related brain potentials and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), that words from the non-target language are rejected at an early stage before semantic a...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/4151026a
更新日期:2002-02-28 00:00:00
abstract::The factor for inversion stimulation, FIS, is involved in several cellular processes, including site-specific recombination and transcriptional activation. In the reactions catalysed by the DNA invertases Gin, Hin and Cin, FIS stimulates recombination by binding to an enhancer sequence. Within the enhancer, two FIS di...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/349178a0
更新日期:1991-01-10 00:00:00
abstract::Very large collisions in the asteroid belt could lead temporarily to a substantial increase in the rate of impacts of meteorites on Earth. Orbital simulations predict that fragments from such events may arrive considerably faster than the typical transit times of meteorites falling today, because in some large impacts...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature02736
更新日期:2004-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Cocaine is believed to work by blocking the dopamine transporter (DAT) and thereby increasing the availability of free dopamine within the brain. Although this concept is central to current cocaine research and to treatment development, a direct relationship between DAT blockade and the subjective effects of cocaine h...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/386827a0
更新日期:1997-04-24 00:00:00
abstract::Eukaryotic cells contain genes termed proto-oncogenes (c-onc) which have the potential to transform cells in culture and induce tumours in vivo. Most of these genes have been identified by their occasional incorporation into retroviral genomes which can act as natural transducing vectors for these and perhaps other ce...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/309085a0
更新日期:1984-05-03 00:00:00
abstract::The generation of a local chromatin topology conducive to transcription is a key step in gene regulation. The yeast SWI/SNF complex is the founding member of a family of ATP-dependent remodelling activities capable of altering chromatin structure both in vitro and in vivo. Despite its importance, the pathway by which ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/23506
更新日期:1999-08-19 00:00:00
abstract::Most common human traits and diseases have a polygenic pattern of inheritance: DNA sequence variants at many genetic loci influence the phenotype. Genome-wide association (GWA) studies have identified more than 600 variants associated with human traits, but these typically explain small fractions of phenotypic variati...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature09410
更新日期:2010-10-14 00:00:00
abstract::An unusual feature of the cerebellar cortex is that its output neurons, Purkinje cells, release GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid). Their high intrinsic firing rates (50 Hz) and extensive convergence predict that their target neurons in the cerebellar nuclei would be largely inhibited unless Purkinje cells pause their spiking...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature10732
更新日期:2011-12-25 00:00:00
abstract::During early mammalian development, as the pluripotent cells that give rise to all of the tissues of the body proliferate and expand in number, they pass through transition states marked by a stepwise restriction in developmental potential and by changes in the expression of key regulatory genes. Recent findings show ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/nature09228
更新日期:2010-06-10 00:00:00
abstract::Susceptibility of rodent cells to infection by ecotropic murine leukaemia viruses (MuLV) is determined by binding of the virus envelope to a membrane receptor that has multiple membrane-spanning domains. Cells infected by ecotropic MuLV synthesize envelope protein, gp70, which binds to this receptor, thereby preventin...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/352725a0
更新日期:1991-08-22 00:00:00
abstract::It has been suggested that arginine vasopressin (AVP) is involved in the retention of learned responses, in addition to its classical physiological functions of water retention and modulation of blood pressure. AVP administered subcutaneously (s.c.), intraventricularly or intracerebrally can prolong extinction of acti...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/315750a0
更新日期:1985-06-27 00:00:00
abstract::The growth and differentiation of cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL) is regulated by soluble growth hormones, of which interleukin-2 (IL-2) is considered to be of prime importance. Here we report that the lymphokine B-cell stimulatory factor (BSF-1 or interleukin-4) also has profound effects on the generation of these func...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/326795a0
更新日期:1987-04-23 00:00:00
abstract::Betelgeuse, a nearby red supergiant, is a fast-moving star with a powerful stellar wind that drives a bow shock into its surroundings. This picture has been challenged by the discovery of a dense and almost static shell that is three times closer to the star than the bow shock and has been decelerated by some external...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature13522
更新日期:2014-08-21 00:00:00