Abstract:
:Four strains of Staphylococcus aureus of a phage type other than the second group, isolated from patients with impetigo and Ritter's disease, were found to produce an exotoxin similar to those reported by Melish et al. (1972), Kapral and Miller (1971), and Arbuthnott et al. (1973). This toxin could elicit a general exfoliation of the epidermis with the so-called Nikolsky sign when subcutaneously inoculated into neonatal mice within 4 days after birth. The new toxin was serologically different from exfoliatin produced by the phage group II staphylococci previously reported (Kondo et al., 1973) and showed an electrophoretic pattern corresponding to that of the B-type toxin of the latter in acrylamide disc electrophoresis. It had the same molecular weight as that of the latter, which was estimated to be about 24,000. It was thermolabile and lost its toxic activity by heating at 60 C for 30 min; in addition, most of the toxicity was lost within 1 month of storage even at -30 C. We propose to designate the old typical heat-stable exfoliatin as S. aureus exfoliatin A and the new heat-susceptible exfoliatin as S. aureus exfoliatin B.
journal_name
Infect Immunjournal_title
Infection and immunityauthors
Kondo I,Sakurai S,Sarai Ydoi
10.1128/IAI.10.4.851-861.1974subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1974-10-01 00:00:00pages
851-61issue
4eissn
0019-9567issn
1098-5522journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Neisseria lactamica, a common human pharyngeal commensal, contributes to acquired immunity to Neisseria meningitidis. To define the surface antigens shared between these two species, we used monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to study 35 N. lactamica strains isolated in various parts of the world for cross-reactivity with m...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.57.2.602-608.1989
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Normal ICR mice were infected intravenously, intraperitoneally, or aerogenically with Pasteurella multocida strains isolated from a turkey (S68), calf (V90), or rabbit (J20) lung. Both the turkey and calf isolates were highly virulent for mice and multiplied logarithmically in the lungs, liver, and spleen, resulting i...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.39.2.779-784.1983
更新日期:1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Members of our group reported recently that neisseria infection of human epithelial cells results in accelerated degradation of the major lysosomal integral membrane protein LAMP1 and that this is due to hydrolysis of this glycoprotein at its immunoglobulin A1 (IgA1)-like hinge by the neisseria type 2 IgA1 protease (L...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.66.10.5001-5007.1998
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::P.69 pertactin (P.69 Prn), an adhesion molecule from the causative agent of pertussis, Bordetella pertussis, is present in cellular and most acellular vaccines that are currently used worldwide. Although both humoral immunity and cellular immunity directed against P.69 Prn have been implicated in protective immune mec...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00769-08
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Whole-genome sequencing analysis of ∼800 strains of group A Streptococcus (GAS) found that the gene encoding the multiple virulence gene regulator of GAS (mga) is highly polymorphic in serotype M59 strains but not in strains of other serotypes. To help understand the molecular mechanism of gene regulation by Mga and i...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.03023-14
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this research was to determine whether gram-negative bacteria frequently isolated from periodontally diseased sites contained polyclonal B-cell activators. Polyclonal B-cell activation, which results in nonspecific activation of multiple B-cell clones was analyzed by a hemolysis-in-gel assay designed ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.34.1.43-49.1981
更新日期:1981-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The protozoan parasite Cryptosporidium parvum is a significant cause of diarrheal disease worldwide. Attachment to and invasion of host intestinal epithelial cells by C. parvum sporozoites are crucial steps in the pathogenesis of cryptosporidiosis. The molecular basis of these initial interactions is unknown. In order...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.68.9.5167-5175.2000
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human lactoferrin is an iron-binding glycoprotein that is particularly prominent in exocrine secretions and leukocytes and is also found in serum, especially during inflammation. It is able to sequester iron from microbes and has immunomodulatory functions, including inhibition of both complement activation and cytoki...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.69.5.3372-3381.2001
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::An effective vaccine for Vibrio cholerae is not yet available for use in the developing world, where the burden of cholera disease is highest. Characterizing the proteins that are expressed by V. cholerae in the human host environment may provide insight into the pathogenesis of cholera and assist with the development...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00585-08
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The interaction between bacteria and fibronectin is believed to play an important role in the pathogenicity of clinically important Gram-positive cocci. In the present study, we identified a gene encoding a predicted fibronectin-binding protein of Enterococcus faecium (fnm), a homologue of Streptococcus pneumoniae pav...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00885-15
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cells of Yersinia pestis strain EV76 are known to cease growth after a shift from 26 to 37 degrees C in neutral Ca2+-deficient medium; this effect is potentiated by Mg2+. With 2.5 mM Mg2+ and no added Ca2+, restriction was relaxed at elevated pH at which maximum cell yields occurred in the presence of 20 mM exogenous ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.38.3.953-959.1982
更新日期:1982-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Francisella tularensis is a gram-negative pathogen that causes life-threatening infections in humans and has potential for use as a biological weapon. The genetic basis of the F. tularensis virulence is poorly understood. This study screened a total of 3,936 transposon mutants of the live vaccine strain for infection ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01865-06
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immunofluorescence microscopy demonstrated that laminin bound to the surface of Penicillium marneffei conidia. Attachment of P. marneffei conidia in an adherence assay was inhibited by soluble laminin and anti-laminin antibody. N-Acetylneuraminic acid abolished adherence, indicating an interaction mediated by a sialic...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.66.12.6024-6026.1998
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Four monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were produced by immunizing mice with a disrupted yeast cell homogenate of Histoplasma capsulatum. MAbs 1 and 2 reacted only with the yeast cell antigens of H. capsulatum and Blastomyces dermatitidis, whereas MAbs 3 and 4 showed broader cross-reactivity. MAb 3 cross-reacted with B. de...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.57.3.896-901.1989
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::An experimental model of coxsackievirus B3 infection in newborn mice was utilized to examine the protective role of antiviral antibodies and an interferon inducer, polyinosinic acid-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)]. Subcutaneous administration to the infected mice of specific antiviral antibodies resulted in significant...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.37.2.720-727.1982
更新日期:1982-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A better knowledge on how immune responses are initiated in mucosal tissues would facilitate the design of new mucosal vaccines, as well as improve our understanding on host defense against infection. We investigated the mechanisms of adjuvanticity of the Mycoplasma-derived macrophage-activating 2-kDa lipopeptide (MAL...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.72.12.6978-6986.2004
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the ability of interleukin 10 (IL-10) to protect mice against lethal shock induced by staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB). Treatment of mice with IL-10 prevented the death of mice injected with SEB in a dose-dependent manner. IL-10-mediated protection was apparent when administered either prior to or co...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.61.11.4937-4939.1993
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pathogenesis of middle ear inflammation caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae was explored in the chinchilla model with different pneumococcal cell wall (CW) preparations, including isolated native CW, M1 muramidase CW (M1-CW) digest, amidase CW digest, and M1 peptidoglycan (M1-PG) digest. Inflammatory cell and lysoz...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.60.7.2850-2854.1992
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bordetella bronchiseptica secreted a hydroxamate siderophore when grown in Fe-depleted medium. A Tn5lac insertion mutant of B. bronchiseptica, DBB22, did not produce this hydroxamate siderophore and was incapable of using lactoferrin as an Fe source. Our data suggest that B. bronchiseptica uses a siderophore for remov...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.61.6.2698-2702.1993
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pertussis toxin (PT), a virulence factor secreted by Bordetella pertussis, contributes to respiratory tract infection and disease caused by this pathogen. By comparing a wild-type (WT) B. pertussis strain to a mutant strain with an in-frame deletion of the ptx genes encoding PT (DeltaPT), we recently found that the la...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.72.6.3350-3358.2004
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::T cells bearing the gammadelta antigen receptor (gammadelta T cells) can constitute up to 50% of T cells in the peripheral blood and lymphoid organs of young cattle. We present data showing that gammadelta T cells are involved in immune responses against Theileria parva. gammadelta T cells isolated from peripheral blo...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.67.5.2241-2249.1999
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antimicrobial peptides, such as defensins or cathelicidins, are effector substances of the innate immune system and are thought to have antimicrobial properties that contribute to host defense. The evidence that vertebrate antimicrobial peptides contribute to innate immunity in vivo is based on their expression patter...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.67.11.6084-6089.1999
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sixty-one Burkholderia cepacia isolates from patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and four plant isolates were screened for production of the siderophores salicylic acid (SA), pyochelin, cepabactin, and ornibactins and fingerprinted by a PCR-based randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method. Of the 24 RAPD types de...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.66.2.874-877.1998
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mucosal immune responses to fungal infection range from T helper type 2 (Th2) cell-directed allergic inflammation to Th1-predominant neutrophilic inflammation, but the mechanisms directing these divergent mucosal immune outcomes and the role of T cells in host defense against mucosal fungal infections are not known. H...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.05209-11
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Yersinia enterocolitica gsrA gene is a stress protein gene which was originally identified as essential for protecting cells under both extracellular environmental stress and intracellular stress in macrophages due to phagocytosis. The gsrA gene was shown to be a member of the htrA class of genes and to possess a ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.65.6.2190-2196.1997
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Shiga toxin-producing Escherchia coli (STEC) comprises a group of attaching and effacing (A/E) enteric pathogens of animals and humans. Natural and experimental infection of calves with STEC may result in acute enteritis or subclinical infection, depending on serotype- and host-specific factors. To quantify intestinal...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.70.2.945-952.2002
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been shown previously that serum from chronically infected patients with cystic fibrosis inhibits the phagocytosis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by both normal and cystic fibrosis alveolar macrophages. In the present study, the ability of peripheral monocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes from normal volunteers ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.38.2.802-805.1982
更新日期:1982-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vaccines for P. falciparum will need to contain both T- and B-cell epitopes. Conserved epitopes are the most desirable, but they are often poorly immunogenic. The major merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP-1) is currently a leading vaccine candidate antigen. In this study, six peptides from conserved or partly conserved r...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.68.5.2685-2691.2000
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Borrelia burgdorferi, the bacterium that causes Lyme disease, has a unique segmented genome consisting of numerous linear and circular plasmids and a linear chromosome. Many of these genetic elements have been found to encode factors critical for B. burgdorferi to complete the infectious cycle. However, several plasmi...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00219-13
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mycobacterial growth inhibitory factor (MycoIF), found in supernatant fluids of mouse spleen cell cultures that have been stimulated in vitro with homologous antigen, inhibited the intracellular multiplication of virulent tubercle bacilli within normal mouse peritoneal macrophages in vitro. Antigenically stimulated H...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.12.4.833-840.1975
更新日期:1975-10-01 00:00:00