Abstract：
:Chronic thiamine deprivation in the rat leads to ataxia, loss of righting reflex and neuropathological damage to lateral vestibular nucleus. Before onset of neurological symptoms, transketolase (TK) activities were found to be selectively reduced by 25% in lateral vestibular nucleus and surrounding pons. Further progression of thiamine deprivation resulted in a generalized reduction in TK activity. Measurement of enzyme activity in the presence of added TPP cofactor in vitro did not lead to normalisation of enzyme activities suggesting loss of apoenzyme. Administration of thiamine to symptomatic thiamine-deprived rats resulted in reversal of neurological symptoms and to normalisation of defective TK activities in less vulnerable structures such as cerebral cortex, striatum and hippocampus; reduction of TK activity, however, persisted in brainstem and cerebellar regions. Pyrithiamine treatment results, within 3 weeks, in loss of righting reflex, convulsions and more widespread neuropathological damage compared to that observed following thiamine deprivation. TK activity was found to be significantly decreased before the onset of neurological symptoms in all brain regions and appearance of symptoms was accompanied by more severe reductions of TK. In contrast to chronic thiamine deprivation, TK activities following pyrithiamine treatment were: equally reduced in magnitude in vulnerable and non-vulnerable brain structures, unchanged following reversal of neurological abnormalities by thiamine administration.
journal_name
Neurochem Resjournal_title
Neurochemical researchauthors
Giguère JF,Butterworth RFdoi
10.1007/BF00972141subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1987-03-01 00:00:00pages
305-10issue
3eissn
0364-3190issn
1573-6903journal_volume
12pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The recent publication of the human genome sequence provides an opportunity both to combat diseases that are presently considered as pharmaceutically intractable and also to improve current therapies for many common human diseases. The identification of every human gene by ongoing bioinformatic efforts has the potenti...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/a:1022349805831
更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pig brain cerebral cortex was subfractionated by isopycnic centrifugation in sucrose gradients. In each subfraction the content of the agonist [3H]R-PIA binding, the activity of adenosine metabolizing enzymes (5'-nucleotidase and adenosine deaminase) and the activity of membrane marker enzymes were determined. The fra...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00966790
更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Direct evidence for the excitotoxicity of 3-N-oxalyl-L-alpha,beta-diaminopropionic acid (ODAP), the Lathyrus sativus neurotoxin has been studied by examining the binding of chemically synthesized [2,3 3H]ODAP ([3H]ODAP) to synaptic membranes. [3H]ODAP binding to membranes was mostly nonspecific, with only a very low s...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1020782119057
更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We previously showed that extracellular levels of N-acetylaspartate (NAA) increase when a medium with reduced NaCl concentration is perfused through a microdialysis probe, and proposed that NAA may be released during hypoosmotic swelling. Here, we demonstrate that this effect is due to hypoosmolarity of the perfusion ...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1020778832745
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cell surface β-Amyloid precursor protein (APP) is known to have a functional role in iron homeostasis through stabilising the iron export protein ferroportin (FPN). Mechanistic evidence of this role has previously only been provided through transcriptional or translational depletion of total APP levels. However, numer...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-019-02747-y
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this review properties of lipid acetyltransferase enzymes are outlined. The three activities of interest are lyso PAF acetyltransferase (acetyl CoA: 1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine acetyltransferase), AGP acetyltransferase (acetyl CoA: 1-alkyl sn-glycero-3-phosphate acetyltransferase) and a transacetylase activ...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/a:1007567205078
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:S100beta is a soluble protein released by glial cells mainly under the activation of the 5-HT1A receptor. It has been reported as a neuro-trophic and -tropic factor that promotes neurite maturation and outgrowth during development. This protein also plays a role in axonal stability and the plasticity underlying long-t...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-009-9915-x
更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One hour incubation of rat cortical slices in a medium without oxygen and glucose (oxygen-glucose deprivation, OGD) increased S100B release to 6.53 ± 0.3 ng/ml/mg protein from its control value of 3.61 ± 0.2 ng/ml/mg protein. When these slices were then transferred to a medium containing oxygen and glucose (reoxygenat...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-014-1301-7
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We observed that AP-3, an antagonist of metabotropic glutamate receptors, reduced carbachol-induced hydrolysis of phospholipids in hippocampal slices. This inhibition could be explained in different ways, e.g.: 1) AP-3 acts also as antagonist of muscarinic receptors mediating the hydrolysis of phospholipids induced by...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1022423415238
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pineal gland is a neuroendocrine gland responsible for nocturnal synthesis of melatonin. During early development of the rodent pineal gland from the roof of the diencephalon, homeobox genes of the orthodenticle homeobox (Otx)- and paired box (Pax)-families are expressed and are essential for normal pineal develop...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11064-012-0906-y
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have previously showed that peptide neurotensin inhibits neuronal Na(+), K(+)-ATPase activity, an effect which involves high affinity neurotensin receptor. Nitric oxide (NO) acts as a neurotransmitter or as a neuromodulator when it is synthesized by neuronal nitric oxide synthase. Neurotensin effect on Na(+), K(+)-...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-011-0552-9
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The activation of caspase-3 is considered to be a reliable marker for apoptotic cell death, and a 120-kDa fragment of αII-spectrin is generated by caspase-3 mediated cleavage of this structural protein. In the present study, we compared cleaved αII-spectrin (120-kDa) and cleaved caspase-3-immunoreactive cells and thei...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-011-0633-9
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The goal of this study was to examine the responsiveness of an immortalized catecholaminergic neuronal line, 2N27, to various growth factors and identify those which promote catecholaminergic expression. 2N27 is a newly established neural cell line derived from fetal rat mesencephalic tissue and, thus, contains tyrosi...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1022482520358
更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The preventive effect of dietary taurine supplementation on glial alterations in retina of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats was examined in this study. Blood glucose content, content of taurine, glutamate and
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-008-9763-0
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Fatty Acid method was used to determine whether incorporation of plasma radiolabeled arachidonic acid into brain phospholipids is controlled by phospholipase A2. Awake rats received an i.v. injection of a phospholipase A2 inhibitor, manoalide (10 mg/kg), and then were infused i.v. with [1-(14)C]arachidonate or [3H...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1020788031720
更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have previously reported that angiotensin receptor blockade reduces reperfusion hemorrhage in a suture occlusion model of stroke, despite increasing matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-9) activity. We hypothesized that candesartan will also decrease hemorrhage associated with delayed (6 h) tissue plasminogen activator (t...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-013-1185-y
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oxidation of [2,3-14C]succinate in the intramitochondrial Krebs cycle was used as a probe to investigate the effect of ammonia on protein incorporation and Krebs cycle oxidation of succinate carbons in isolated rat hepatocytes. At low concentrations of ammonium chloride (0.1 to 0.5 mM) a slight increase in 14CO2 forma...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00965690
更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most studies of Alzheimer's disease (AD) have focused on a single precipitating alteration as the etiological event rather than global changes closely linked to aging. Recent evidence suggests that the most significant of these global changes are metabolic. Here we present data indicating that metabolic rate, nutritio...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/a:1025678510480
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The central control of growth hormone (GH) secretion from the pituitary gland is ultimately achieved by the interaction between two hypothalamic neurohormones, somatostatin which inhibits and growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) which stimulates GH release. The regulation of the somatostatin and GHRH release from t...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11064-005-9017-3
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tyrosinemia type II, also known as Richner-Hanhart syndrome, is an autosomal recessive inborn error of metabolism caused by a deficiency of hepatic cytosolic tyrosine aminotransferase, and is associated with neurologic and development difficulties in numerous patients. Considering that the mechanisms underlying the ne...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-013-1180-3
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The particulars regarding the amine precursor therapy for treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders and their neurochemical background are described historically. Furthermore, peculiar or artificial amino acids which are metabolized into the brain amine or their derivatives and promised their clinical application are al...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF02529142
更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is well-known that pH changes can influence a lot of cellular processes. In this work, we have specifically studied the influence of alkalinization, which can be developed in spinal cord neurons during hyperventilation (respiratory alkalosis) and chronic renal failure (metabolic alkalosis) on calcium homeostasis. A...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/b:nere.0000035800.65411.3e
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The vesicular hypothesis has stimulated fruitful investigations on many secreting systems. In the case of rapid synaptic transmission, however, the hypothesis has been found difficult to reconcile with a number of well established observations. Brief impulses of transmitter molecules (quanta) are emitted from nerve te...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/a:1022451224748
更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The human formyl peptide receptor like 1 (FPRL-1) is a variant of the Gi-coupled formyl-peptide receptor. Functional FPRL-1 is endogenously expressed in the U87 astrocytoma cell line and there is accumulating evidence to suggest that FPRL-1 may be involved in neuroinflammation associated with the pathogenesis of Alzhe...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-007-9425-7
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is evidence that many of the GABA(A) receptor subunits contain consensus sequence for tyrosine kinase, and phosphorylation may play a key role in ethanol's regulation of GABA(A) receptors. Recently, we investigated the effect of chronic exposure of ethanol (CE) on tyrosine kinase phosphorylation and reported tha...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-006-9124-9
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, we observed the effects of metformin, one of the most widely prescribed drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, on cell proliferation and neuroblast differentiation in the subgranular zone of the hippocampal dentate gyrus (SZDG) in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats, which are a model for type 2 diabe...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-009-0115-5
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the present study was to investigate possible membrane and genomic effects of corticosterone on the noradrenergic system of the rat brain. Corticosterone effects were studied in vivo by treating rats s.c. with 10 mg/kg corticosterone for 7 or 14 days. In the first two experiments corticosterone significantl...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00966670
更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have developed a coupled Xenopus oocyte expression system for evaluating the functional effects of mutations in known or suspected adhesion molecules, which allows for a very rapid assessment of intercellular adhesion. As a model protein, we first used Protein zero (Po), an adhesion molecule that mediates self-adhe...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1010999622760
更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Turnover rate of individual molecular species of sphingomyelin of adult rat brain myelin and microsomal membranes was determined after an intracerebral injection of 100 microCi of [C3H3]choline. Myelin and microsomal membrane sphingomyelins were isolated from the rest of the lipids. The individual molecular species of...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00964414
更新日期：1981-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:CNTF (ciliary neurotrophic factor) has been suggested to be an important survival factor for oligodendrocytes; however, this effect is inconsistently obtained and myelination appears normal in CNTF null animals. On the other hand, CNTF stimulates astrocytes to produce growth and trophic factors. Therefore, we tested t...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-006-9151-6
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
