Integral membrane glycoprotein properties of the prohormone pro-transforming growth factor-alpha.

abstract：:Secretory antibodies of the IgA class (sIgA) are thought to have an important role in the defence against bacteria at mucosal surfaces--the level at which the infectious agents first come into contact with the host. However, the mechanism by which sIgA exert their antibacterial activity is still a matter of debate. Af...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Tagliabue A,Nencioni L,Villa L,Keren DF,Lowell GH,Boraschi D

更新日期：1983-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Subcutaneous (s.c.) administration of Arg-vasopressin (AVP) prolongs retention of a learned behaviour and elevates arterial blood pressure. Intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of a thousandfold lower dose of AVP than needed with s.c. injection produces the same behavioural effect, suggesting that AVP acts on th...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Södersten P,Henning M,Melin P,Ludin S

更新日期：1983-02-17 00:00:00

abstract：:CDKN2A (INK4a/ARF) is frequently disrupted in various types of human cancer, and germline mutations of this locus can confer susceptibility to melanoma and other tumours. However, because CDKN2A encodes two distinct cell cycle inhibitory proteins, p16INK4a and p14ARF (p19Arf in mice), the mechanism of tumour suppressi...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Krimpenfort P,Quon KC,Mooi WJ,Loonstra A,Berns A

更新日期：2001-09-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Calcium-triggered fusion of synaptic vesicles and neurotransmitter release are fundamental signalling steps in the central nervous system. It is generally assumed that fast transmitter release is triggered by elevations in intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) to at least 100 microM near the sites of vesicle f...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Schneggenburger R,Neher E

更新日期：2000-08-24 00:00:00

abstract：:When a portrait is coarsely quantized into blocks, the block structure hides the face, although lower spatial frequencies of the original image sufficient by themselves for recognition are preserved. Recognition can be recovered by blurring the image, or otherwise attenuating the spurious higher spatial frequency comp...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Morrone MC,Burr DC,Ross J

更新日期：1983-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Mechanical stimuli can modify the energy landscape of chemical reactions and enable reaction pathways, offering a synthetic strategy that complements conventional chemistry. These mechanochemical mechanisms have been studied extensively in one-dimensional polymers under tensile stress using ring-opening and reorganiza...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yan H,Yang F,Pan D,Lin Y,Hohman JN,Solis-Ibarra D,Li FH,Dahl JEP,Carlson RMK,Tkachenko BA,Fokin AA,Schreiner PR,Galli G,Mao WL,Shen ZX,Melosh NA

更新日期：2018-02-21 00:00:00

abstract：: ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Witze A

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Because monoclonal antibodies can recognize and bind to specific groups of atoms such as tumour antigens, they have promise for use in vivo as carriers of radionuclides, drugs or other appended molecules for diagnosis and treatment of disease. Attachment of metal ions to antibodies by means of bifunctional chelating a...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Reardan DT,Meares CF,Goodwin DA,McTigue M,David GS,Stone MR,Leung JP,Bartholomew RM,Frincke JM

更新日期：1985-07-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The alpha-helix defined in 1951 by Pauling et al. on the basis of model building and X-ray fibre diffraction data has 3.65 residues per turn (n) achieved with planar peptides, torsion angles of phi = -48 degrees and psi = -57 degrees and hydrogen bonds which are close to linear. Although X-ray analyses of proteins hav...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Blundell T,Barlow D,Borkakoti N,Thornton J

更新日期：1983-11-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a major reactive oxygen species in unicellular and multicellular organisms, and is produced extracellularly in response to external stresses and internal cues1-4. H2O2 enters cells through aquaporin membrane proteins and covalently modifies cytoplasmic proteins to regulate signalling and ce...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wu F,Chi Y,Jiang Z,Xu Y,Xie L,Huang F,Wan D,Ni J,Yuan F,Wu X,Zhang Y,Wang L,Ye R,Byeon B,Wang W,Zhang S,Sima M,Chen S,Zhu M,Pei J,Johnson DM,Zhu S,Cao X,Pei C,Zai Z,Liu Y,Liu T,Swift GB,Zhang W,Y

更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hydrolysis of the membrane phospholipid phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P2) produces two prospective intracellular messengers: inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3), which releases Ca2+ from intracellular stores; and diacylglycerol (DG), which activates protein kinase C. Here we show how the formation...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Higashida H,Brown DA

更新日期：1986-09-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Online hate and extremist narratives have been linked to abhorrent real-world events, including a current surge in hate crimes1-6 and an alarming increase in youth suicides that result from social media vitriol7; inciting mass shootings such as the 2019 attack in Christchurch, stabbings and bombings8-11; recruitment o...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Johnson NF,Leahy R,Restrepo NJ,Velasquez N,Zheng M,Manrique P,Devkota P,Wuchty S

更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The neurotrophin receptor TrkB is essential for normal function of the mammalian brain. It is expressed in three splice variants. Full-length receptors (TrkB(FL)) possess an intracellular tyrosine kinase domain and are considered as those TrkB receptors that mediate the crucial effects of brain-derived neurotrophic fa...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Rose CR,Blum R,Pichler B,Lepier A,Kafitz KW,Konnerth A

更新日期：2003-11-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Genetic studies, using floral homeotic mutants, have led to the ABC model of flower development. This model proposes that the combinatorial action of three sets of genes, the A, B and C function genes, specify the four floral organs (sepals, petals, stamens and carpels) in the concentric floral whorls. However, attemp...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Honma T,Goto K

更新日期：2001-01-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Organocatalysis-catalysis mediated by small chiral organic molecules-is a powerful technology for enantioselective synthesis, and has extensive applications in traditional ionic, two-electron-pair reactivity domains. Recently, organocatalysis has been successfully combined with photochemical reactivity to unlock previ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Silvi M,Melchiorre P

更新日期：2018-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Large-conductance (BK type) Ca(2+)-dependent K(+) channels are essential for modulating muscle contraction and neuronal activities such as synaptic transmission and hearing. BK channels are activated by membrane depolarization and intracellular Ca(2+) and Mg(2+) (refs 6-10). The energy provided by voltage, Ca(2+) and ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Shi J,Krishnamoorthy G,Yang Y,Hu L,Chaturvedi N,Harilal D,Qin J,Cui J

更新日期：2002-08-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Finite element analysis (FEA) is used by industrial designers and biomechanicists to estimate the performance of engineered structures or human skeletal and soft tissues subjected to varying regimes of stress and strain. FEA is rarely applied to problems of biomechanical design in animals, despite its potential to inf...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Rayfield EJ,Norman DB,Horner CC,Horner JR,Smith PM,Thomason JJ,Upchurch P

更新日期：2001-02-22 00:00:00

abstract：:L-GLUTAMATE and L-aspartate are thought to have a widespread function as synaptic transmitters in the mammalian central nervous system and there are at least three types of neuronal glutamate receptors, which can be activated by the selective agonists N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), quisqualate and kainate. Recent experi...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Usowicz MM,Gallo V,Cull-Candy SG

更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Extracellular signalling by the purine nucleotide ATP has long been associated with sensory function. In the periphery, ATP mediates nociception, mechanosensitivity, thermal sensitivity and O2 chemosensitivity. These processes share a common mechanism that involves the release of ATP to excite afferent fibres via acti...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Gourine AV,Llaudet E,Dale N,Spyer KM

更新日期：2005-07-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Ice sheets are currently ignored in global methane budgets1,2. Although ice sheets have been proposed to contain large reserves of methane that may contribute to a rise in atmospheric methane concentration if released during periods of rapid ice retreat3,4, no data exist on the current methane footprint of ice sheets....

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lamarche-Gagnon G,Wadham JL,Sherwood Lollar B,Arndt S,Fietzek P,Beaton AD,Tedstone AJ,Telling J,Bagshaw EA,Hawkings JR,Kohler TJ,Zarsky JD,Mowlem MC,Anesio AM,Stibal M

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the absence of extraneously added template, standard preparations of Q beta replicase spontaneously synthesize RNA in vitro, possibly as a result of RNA contamination. Using special enzyme purifications, Sumper and Luce presented evidence that self-replicating RNA not present ab initio can grow out of 'template-fre...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Biebricher CK,Eigen M,Luce R

更新日期：1986-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:RNA interference is an evolutionarily conserved surveillance mechanism that responds to double-stranded RNA by sequence-specific silencing of homologous genes. Here we show that transgene expression can be suppressed in adult mice by synthetic small interfering RNAs and by small-hairpin RNAs transcribed in vivo from D...

journal_title：Nature

authors： McCaffrey AP,Meuse L,Pham TT,Conklin DS,Hannon GJ,Kay MA

更新日期：2002-07-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Transmission of obligate bacterial symbionts between generations is vital for the survival of the host. Although the larvae of certain hydrothermal vent tubeworms (Vestimentifera, Siboglinidae) are symbiont-free and possess a transient digestive system, these structures are lost during development, resulting in adult ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Nussbaumer AD,Fisher CR,Bright M

更新日期：2006-05-18 00:00:00

abstract：:In order to direct a movement towards a visual stimulus, visual spatial information must be combined with postural information. For example, directing gaze (eye plus head) towards a visible target requires the combination of retinal image location with eye and head position to determine the location of the target rela...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Snyder LH,Grieve KL,Brotchie P,Andersen RA

更新日期：1998-08-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The crystal structure of a soluble form of the T lymphocyte antigen CD2 provides the first complete view of the extracellular region of a cell adhesion molecule. The topology of the molecule, which comprises two immunoglobulin-like domains, is the same as that of the first two domains of CD4 but the relative domain or...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Jones EY,Davis SJ,Williams AF,Harlos K,Stuart DI

更新日期：1992-11-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The rarity and inaccessibility of the earliest primordial germ cells (PGCs) in the mouse embryo thwart efforts to investigate molecular mechanisms of germ-cell specification. stella (also called Dppa3) marks the rare founder population of the germ lineage. Here we differentiate mouse embryonic stem cells carrying a st...

journal_title：Nature

authors： West JA,Viswanathan SR,Yabuuchi A,Cunniff K,Takeuchi A,Park IH,Sero JE,Zhu H,Perez-Atayde A,Frazier AL,Surani MA,Daley GQ

更新日期：2009-08-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The collagens represent an interesting example of a structurally related but genetically distinct family of proteins. Type I, the most abundant of the vertebrate collagens, comprises two pro alpha 1(I) chains and one pro alpha 2(I) chain, each containing terminal propeptides and a central domain of 338 (Gly, X, Y) rep...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Chu ML,de Wet W,Bernard M,Ding JF,Morabito M,Myers J,Williams C,Ramirez F

更新日期：1984-07-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Necroptosis has emerged as an important pathway of programmed cell death in embryonic development, tissue homeostasis, immunity and inflammation. RIPK1 is implicated in inflammatory and cell death signalling and its kinase activity is believed to drive RIPK3-mediated necroptosis. Here we show that kinase-independent s...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Dannappel M,Vlantis K,Kumari S,Polykratis A,Kim C,Wachsmuth L,Eftychi C,Lin J,Corona T,Hermance N,Zelic M,Kirsch P,Basic M,Bleich A,Kelliher M,Pasparakis M

更新日期：2014-09-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Contamination of ground waters with water-soluble aromatic hydrocarbons, common components of petroleum pollution, often produces anoxic conditions under which microbial degradation of the aromatics is slow. Oxygen is often added to contaminated ground water to stimulate biodegradation, but this can be technically dif...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lovley DR,Woodward JC,Chapelle FH

更新日期：1994-07-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The dispute among federal agencies over regulation of commercial biotechnology has been addressed in the Federal Register by the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP), which says the Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee of the National Institutes of Health should continue to oversee biomedical research in this ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Beardsley T

更新日期：1985-01-10 00:00:00