Abstract：
:Myelinated axons were isolated by flotation from bovine pons, middle cerebellar peduncle, cervical spinal cord and three regions of the subcortical white matter. The myelinated axons were osmotically and mechanically shocked, followed by fractionation on a linear 15% sucrose to 45% sucrose density gradient. Axolemma-enriched fractions (AEF) found in the 28% to 32% sucrose region of the gradient from brainstem and cord white matter had high acetylcholinesterase (AChE) while little or nil AChE activity was found in corresponding AEF derived from the subcortical white matter. Morphologically, the subcortical white matter from all regions contained a heterogeneous population of well-myelinated to thinly myelinated axons, while brainstem and cord regions contained a more homogeneous population of well-myelinated axons. Histochemical analysis of AChE localized this enzyme to axonal elements. The AEF derived from any white matter source had similar polypeptide compositions. AEF derived from subcortical white matter contained two-fold more myelin basic protein and a three-fold greater content of 2' 3' cyclic nucleotide 3' phosphodiesterase (CNP) compared with AEF derived from well myelinated white matter. We conclude that the purity of the AEF is related to the degree of myelination of the white matter from which the AEF is derived. Homogeneously well myelinated white matter (pons, cerebellar peduncle, cervical spinal cord) yields the highest purity AEF, as judged by the low CNP and myelin basic protein content and highest enrichment in AChE specific activity.
journal_name
Neurochem Resjournal_title
Neurochemical researchauthors
Detskey PZ,Bigbee JW,DeVries GHdoi
10.1007/BF01268880subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1988-05-01 00:00:00pages
449-54issue
5eissn
0364-3190issn
1573-6903journal_volume
13pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Zinc (Zn2+) was shown to invariably inhibit muscimol-stimulated 36Cl- uptake by synaptoneurosomes in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum. The Zn2+ sensitivity of the GABAA receptor-gated 36Cl- uptake in the cerebral cortex was comparable to that in the hippocampus, whereas the uptake in the cerebellum was ...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02532346
更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The 7S NGF complex from the male mouse submaxillary gland consists of the alpha, gamma, and beta subunits in the ratio alpha 2 gamma 2 beta. The beta (NGF) subunit contains all the known biolocial activity of 7S NGF. The alpha and gamma subunits are both members of glandular kallikrein gene family, yet only gamma subu...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00965545
更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this report data are summarized on changes in the quantity of proteolipid protein (PLP), its amino acid composition, and the lipid moiety of these lipid-protein complexes in rat brain during postnatal development. In all three parts of the central nervous system (CNS) studied (cerebral hemispheres, medulla oblongat...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of mu, delta, and kappa receptor-agonists on forskolin stimulated cyclic adenosine-3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) formation were examined in astroglial enriched primary cultures from the cerebral cortex of newborn rats. Intracellular cAMP accumulation was quantified by radioimmunoassay. Morphine was used as a ...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01101714
更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most studies of Alzheimer's disease (AD) have focused on a single precipitating alteration as the etiological event rather than global changes closely linked to aging. Recent evidence suggests that the most significant of these global changes are metabolic. Here we present data indicating that metabolic rate, nutritio...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/a:1025678510480
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) or 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) caused a nuclear damage, the mitochondrial membrane permeability changes, leading to the cytochrome c release and caspase-3 activation, the formation of reactive oxygen species and the depletion of GSH in PC12 cells. Nicardipine (a calcium channel bloc...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-006-9088-9
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The incidence of acute and chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) in the United States is more than 10,000 per year, resulting in 720 cases per million persons enduring permanent disability each year. The economic impact of SCI is estimated to be more than 4 billion dollars annually. Preclinical studies, case reports, and s...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11064-013-0991-6
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Astrocytes have been considered to be transformed from radial glial cells that appear at early stage of development and play a scaffold-role for neuronal cell migration. Recent studies indicate that neuroepithelial cells in the spinal cord also give rise to astrocytes. However, the mode of astroglial generation and mi...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-008-9590-3
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The protein composition of myelin isolated from the CNS of four different fish species (trout, goldfish), eel, Tilapia) was analysed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and compared with that of pig and rat brain. Thereby the following features were found typical to the myelin of fish: (1) a basic protein of par...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00965193
更新日期：1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This investigation was performed to evaluate the effects of ACPD [(1S,3R)-1-aminocyclopentane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid], a metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist, on cerebral O2 consumption during focal cerebral ischemia. Male Wistar rats were placed in control (n = 7) and ACPD (n = 7) groups under isoflurane anesthesia...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1026159422237
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Folic acid plays an important role in neuroplasticity and acts as a neuroprotective agent, as observed in experimental brain ischemia studies. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of folic acid on locomotor activity, aversive memory and Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity in the frontal cortex and striatum in a...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-012-0757-6
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been proposed that taurine may function as an oxidant in a dose-dependent manner in vivo and in vitro. The present study was carried out to investigate the relationship between taurine concentration and 3-nitrotyrosine level, a stable marker of peroxynitrite action, in hepatocytes of guinea pig in endotoxemia b...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-007-9395-9
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We found that chronic lithium diet affects the sensitivity of neuroleptic receptors and the content of amino acids in the brain, and that the changes in adult animals differ from those in young rats. Pregnant rats were kept on lithium diet (pellets with 0.21% Li2CO3 and 0.21% NaCl) during the gestation period and the ...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00964703
更新日期：1983-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recently we have demonstrated that extracellular ATP acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter and enhances cell death in the presence of ferrous ions. By using a newly developed cis-parinaric acid fluorescence technique, we demonstrated that ATP, in a dose dependent manner, enhanced the increased membrane lipid peroxida...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02527668
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of anticonvulsant drugs was examined on brain GABA levels and GAD and GABA-T activities. The level of GABA was increased by the treatment with diphenylhydantoin. The drug had no effect on GABA-T activity, whereas GAD activity was inhibited. Carbamazepine increased the GABA level but did not effect GAD and G...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00964170
更新日期：1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Calpains, cathepsins and caspases play crucial role in mediating cell death. In the present study we observed a cascade of events involving the three proteases during middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) in Wistar rats. The rats were MCA occluded and reperfused at various time points. We observed a maximal increase...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-007-9567-7
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Here we review experimental evidence of non-NMDA glutamate receptor expression in the embryonic central nervous system. AMPA- and kainate-preferring glutamate receptor subunit mRNA transcripts are detected in embryonic neurons, glia and neural progenitors. Functional assays demonstrate that in some cell subpopulations...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF01694536
更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Disruptive effects of calcium upon neurofilaments and glial filaments were studied in white matter of rat optic nerve and spinal cord and in rat peripheral nerve. Filament ultrastructure and tissue protein composition were compared following a calcium influx into excised tissues. A calcium influx was induced by freeze...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00964040
更新日期：1981-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An analytical method for the determination of saturated very long chain (VLC) fatty acids in the serum has been devised. Free fatty acids obtained after hydrolysis of total lipid extracts were converted into p-bromophenacyl esters. The derivatives were purified in two sequential steps by clean-up on C18 reversed-phase...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00968082
更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mouse isolated vas deferens preincubated with [3-H]noradrenaline was superfused and the effect of alpha 1-adrenoceptor agonists was studied on the release of total radioactivity ([3H]noradrenaline + 3H-metabolites) and [3H]noradrenaline. Reverse phase high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) combined with scintillat...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00965167
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chicken neurons in culture display measurable activities of mono- and diacylglycerol lipases. Treatment of chicken neuronal cultures with gangliosides (10(-8)M to 10(-5)M) resulted in a time and dose dependent increase in monoacylglycerol lipase activity. The diacylglycerol lipase showed significant increase in specif...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00966702
更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mice with a heterozygous knock-out of the myelin protein P0 gene (P0+/-) develop a neuropathy similar to human Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. They are indistinguishable from wild-types (WT) at birth and develop a slowly progressing demyelinating neuropathy. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the regenerati...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-013-1030-3
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Quantitative measurements were made of choline acetyltransferase (CAT) activity, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and cholinergic muscarinic receptor binding ([3H]QNB) in eight areas of a cross-section of the rat medulla oblongata. A fourth cholinergic parameter, high-affinity choline uptake, was measured in three...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00964389
更新日期：1981-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The microdialysis technique was utilized to study the local effects of D1 and D2 family type dopamine (DA) receptor (R) ligands on the in vivo release of endogenous glutamate (GLU) and aspartate (ASP) from rat substantia nigra (SN). Addition to the dialysis perfusion solution of either D1-R and D2-R agonists, such as ...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00970540
更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pathogens such as bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) play an important role in promoting the production of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in response to infection or damage in microglia. However, whether different signalling pathways regulate these two inflam...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-019-02895-1
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A previous study conducted in this laboratory revealed a decrease in total cholinesterase (total ChE) in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus and striatum in aged rats (24 months) of various strains, as compared with young animals (3 months). The purpose of the present experiments was to extend the study to other brain ar...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00969013
更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study investigated the effects of aging on the actions of a specific glutamate reuptake blocker, L-trans-pyrrolidine-2, 4-dicarboxylic acid (PDC), in extracellular glutamate and glutamine in striatum of the awake rat. Microdialysis experiments were performed on young (2-3 months), middle-aged (12-14 months), aged...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1007624531077
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is increasing evidence to suggest that hepatic encephalopathy in acute liver failure is the result of altered glutamatergic function. In particular, the high affinity uptake of glutamate is decreased in brain slices and synaptosomes from rats with acute liver failure as well as by exposure of cultured astrocytes...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/a:1022532623281
更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Specific [3H]MK801 binding to rat brain NMDA receptors after the administration of the convulsant drug 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MP) and the adenosine analogue cyclopentyladenosine (CPA) was studied by means of a quantitative autoradiographic method. MP administration (150 mg/kg, i.p.) caused significant decreases in ...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1020708603495
更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) is a promyelinating trophic factor that plays an important role in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, mechanisms by which CNTF expression could be increased in the brain are poorly understood. Recently we have discovered anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities of sodium benz...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-015-1723-x
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
