Abstract:
:An analysis is made of the association between density factors and the profile of cause specific death rates in small areas (Bezirke) of Hannover, Germany, in 1968-69. Evaluation of urban ecological methods and logic is done to determine the plausibility of making meaningful statements about cause specific death risks due to areal attributes. Efforts are made to develop an appropriate multiple indicator structural equation model to determine if underlying patterns of mortality can be discerned. Evidence is found that measures of crowding, apart from classical density, predict a general mortality component.
journal_name
Int J Epidemioljournal_title
International journal of epidemiologyauthors
Myers GC,Manton KGdoi
10.1093/ije/6.3.203subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1977-09-01 00:00:00pages
203-12issue
3eissn
0300-5771issn
1464-3685journal_volume
6pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:It is well established now that the incidence of schizophrenia is extremely high for several ethnic minority groups in western Europe, but there is considerable variation among groups. We investigated whether the increased risk among these groups depends upon the degree to which they perceive discrimination ...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/dym085
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Ovarian cancer incidence differs substantially by race/ethnicity, but the reasons for this are not well understood. Data were pooled from the African American Cancer Epidemiology Study (AACES) and 11 case-control studies in the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium (OCAC) to examine racial/ethnic differences...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/dyx252
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Despite the widespread use of household surveys to assess the epidemiology of illicit drug use and abuse, there is very little information about the willingness of respondents to disclose their use of drugs in household studies outside the US. METHODS:As part of a household study of substance use disorders ...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/30.5.1042
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article investigates the interrelationship of socioeconemic status, anthropometric status and mortality of young children in rural Bangladesh. Data for this study come from Matlab, the vital registration area of the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, where anthropometric and socioec...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/23.6.1179
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Increased mortality is associated with both very low and very high ambient temperatures. This study assesses the relationship between daily numbers of deaths and variations in ambient temperature within the city of Valencia. METHODS:The daily number of deaths from all causes (total deaths and only those occ...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/26.3.551
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a population-based cohort study in Southern Brazil, 87.3% of 5914 liveborn infants were followed for over 12 months. The 215 infant deaths occurring in this cohort were studied in relation to birthweight, gestational age and socioeconomic status. Causes of death were ascertained through the review of case notes and...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/16.2.239
更新日期:1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Previous studies do not provide a clear picture of the relationship between nitrogen dioxide (NO(2)) exposure and asthma. METHODS:Eighteen schools using unflued gas heating in winter were randomly allocated to either retain their heaters (10 control schools) or to have replacement flued gas or electric heat...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/ije/dyh018
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Most HIV infections originate from individuals who are undiagnosed and unaware of their infection. Estimation of this quantity from surveillance data is hard because there is incomplete knowledge about (i) the time between infection and diagnosis (TI) for the general population, and (ii) the time between imm...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/dyz100
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this paper, a new non-parametric competing-risk model is proposed. This model takes relative susceptibility into account, and is thus free from the usual assumption of independence between competing causes of death. Another feature of the model is the adjustments of survivors and deaths as a results of the eliminat...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/6.2.153
更新日期:1977-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A proportional mortality study was conducted to determine if state of birth is a risk factor associated with motor neurone disease (MND) and Parkinson's disease (PD) using US death certificate information for 1981. State of birth was used as a surrogate variable for location of early childhood environment. A gradient ...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/22.5.898
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::To describe secular trends in pneumonia hospitalizations in the Bronx, New York City from 1982-1986, we analysed all cases with a discharge diagnosis of pneumonia, excluding Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), for Bronx residents by age, sex, neighbourhood, and length of stay (N = 21,822). Hospital deaths from PCP a...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/18.4.926
更新日期:1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Exposure to a pre-natal famine environment has been associated with a persistent decrease in DNA methylation of the IGF2 gene, although study findings on other loci have been highly variable. There have been no studies to date of the relation between pre-natal famine and overall global DNA methylation in adu...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/dyr137
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years a strong case has been made in support of a viral aetiology for at least some primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC) in areas of low incidence. By pooling routinely collected cancer registration and infection data, study of the relationship between hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and the incidence of...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/20.1.60
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relationship between body fat and different aspects of glucose tolerance was examined within the Zutphen Study. In 1970 an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was carried out in 404 non-diabetic men aged 50-70. None of the subjects could be classified as having impaired glucose tolerance. Body mass index (BMI), sub...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/18.2.368
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This cohort profile describes the origins, tracing, recruitment, testing and follow-up of the University of Edinburgh-based Lothian Birth Cohorts of 1921 (LBC1921; N = 550) and 1936 (LBC1936; N = 1091). The participants undertook a general intelligence test at age 11 years and were recruited for these cohorts at mean ...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/dyr197
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To describe the seroepidemiology of Helicobacter pylori infection in a population of Egyptian children under 3 years. METHODS:A cohort of children under 36 months, residing in Abu Homos, Egypt, were visited at home twice weekly. Information regarding the child's breastfeeding status was obtained, and period...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/29.5.928
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Medication adherence is frequently suboptimal in adults with chronic diseases, resulting in negative consequences. Motivational interviewing (MI) is a collaborative conversational style for strengthening a person's motivation and commitment to change. We aimed to assess whether MI interventions are effective...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1093/ije/dyw273
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years, the residential exposure to radon daughters has become a cause for concern as a contributing factor for lung cancer. In order to evaluate the population's risk consequences of different interpretations of the results of epidemiological studies in cohorts of uranium miners, a simulation model has been ...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/19.supplement_1.s73
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prospective data from the Matlab surveillance area in rural Bangladesh, 1974-1982, were used in this study to show that divorced and never-married adults (aged 15-44 years) had significantly higher mortality than their currently married peers with differences in disability status accounting for some of this excess ris...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/22.3.445
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine the effects, by income group, of targeted food taxes and subsidies on nutrition, health and expenditure in the UK. METHODS:A model based on consumption data and demand elasticity was constructed to predict the effects of four food taxation-subsidy regimens. Resulting changes in demand, expenditure...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/dyp214
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In a pilot study for the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) a modification of the Baecke questionnaire on physical activity was tested for repeatability and relative validity in a population of 134 men and women aged 20-70 years. METHODS:For the assessment of repeatability P...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/24.2.381
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGOUND:The term 'joint modelling' is used in the statistical literature to refer to methods for simultaneously analysing longitudinal measurement outcomes, also called repeated measurement data, and time-to-event outcomes, also called survival data. A typical example from nephrology is a study in which the data from...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/ije/dyu262
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cross-national comparisons of injury mortality can suggest possible causal explanations for injuries across different countries and cultures. This study identifies differences in injury mortality between Los Angeles (LA) County, California and Mexico City DF, Mexico. METHODS:Using LA County and Mexico City ...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/29.4.715
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::One task faced by public health surveillance practitioners is the timely identification of data patterns that might suggest the onset of an epidemic period. Many available techniques for analysis of surveillance data are based on sequential procedures, which predict expected numbers of cases and compare this estimate ...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/23.2.408
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Despite reporting lower levels of alcohol consumption, people with lower socio-economic status (SES) experience greater alcohol-related harm. Whether differential biases in the measurement of alcohol use could explain this apparent paradox is unknown. Using alcohol biomarkers to account for measurement error...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/dyaa113
更新日期:2021-01-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Since 1997, an unexpected 2-5-fold increase in the incidence of pertussis has been reported in Poland in comparison with the previous 10 years, although the introduction of the diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) vaccination in 1960 reduced the incidence of pertussis approximately 100-fold in the 1980s. The a...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/dyh012
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Alcohol use is associated with breast cancer in many epidemiological studies. Most, however, have measured risk from recent consumption patterns, and only a few include analyses for duration of drinking or age that a woman started to drink. The authors studied the effect of these variables, as well as of rec...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/26.5.915
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is usually necessary to estimate repeatability of a self-administered questionnaire from responses by subjects on just two occasions. It is shown that it is not possible to estimate false positive and false negative classification rates separately, but that an average correct classification can be calculated. This ...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/16.1.121
更新日期:1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:If several risk factors for disease are considered in a regression model and these factors are affected by measurement errors, the observed relative risk will be attenuated. In nutritional epidemiology, several nutrient variables show strong correlation, described as collinearity. The observed relative risk ...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/26.5.1071
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This two-year controlled study was conducted to define the mode of transmission of hepatitis B infection in Ethiopia. Twenty-five of 500 (5%) expectant mothers were identified as HbsAg positive (Group A). A control group of 29 mothers negative for HBsAg (Group B) was randomly selected. These 54 mothers and their famil...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/17.4.874
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00