Abstract:
:The risk of developing cancer is correlated with body size and lifespan within species. Between species, however, there is no correlation between cancer and either body size or lifespan, indicating that large, long-lived species have evolved enhanced cancer protection mechanisms. Elephants and their relatives (Proboscideans) are a particularly interesting lineage for the exploration of mechanisms underlying the evolution of augmented cancer resistance because they evolved large bodies recently within a clade of smaller bodied species (Afrotherians). Here, we explore the contribution of gene duplication to body size and cancer risk in Afrotherians. Unexpectedly, we found that tumor suppressor duplication was pervasive in Afrotherian genomes, rather than restricted to Proboscideans. Proboscideans, however, have duplicates in unique pathways that may underlie some aspects of their remarkable anti-cancer cell biology. These data suggest that duplication of tumor suppressor genes facilitated the evolution of increased body size by compensating for decreasing intrinsic cancer risk.
journal_name
Elifejournal_title
eLifeauthors
Vazquez JM,Lynch VJdoi
10.7554/eLife.65041subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2021-01-29 00:00:00issn
2050-084Xpii
65041journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
eLife文献大全abstract::In hypoxic stress conditions, glycolysis enzymes assemble into singular cytoplasmic granules called glycolytic (G) bodies. G body formation in yeast correlates with increased glucose consumption and cell survival. However, the physical properties and organizing principles that define G body formation are unclear. We d...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.48480
更新日期:2020-04-16 00:00:00
abstract::The Escherichia coli DNA replication machinery has been used as a road map to uncover design rules that enable DNA duplication with high efficiency and fidelity. Although the enzymatic activities of the replicative DNA Pol III are well understood, its dynamics within the replisome are not. Here, we test the accepted v...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.23932
更新日期:2017-04-22 00:00:00
abstract::Energy metabolism is essential for T cell function. However, how persistent antigenic stimulation affects T cell metabolism is unknown. Here, we report that long-term in vivo antigenic exposure induced a specific deficit in numerous metabolic enzymes. Accordingly, T cells exhibited low basal glycolytic flux and limite...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.30938
更新日期:2018-06-18 00:00:00
abstract::Metabolic cycles are a fundamental element of cellular and organismal function. Among the most critical in higher organisms is the Cori Cycle, the systemic cycling between lactate and glucose. Here, skeletal muscle-specific Mitochondrial Pyruvate Carrier (MPC) deletion in mice diverted pyruvate into circulating lactat...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.45873
更新日期:2019-07-18 00:00:00
abstract::Predicting and constraining RNA virus evolution require understanding the molecular factors that define the mutational landscape accessible to these pathogens. RNA viruses typically have high mutation rates, resulting in frequent production of protein variants with compromised biophysical properties. Their evolution i...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.28652
更新日期:2017-09-26 00:00:00
abstract::Sequences of events are ubiquitous in sensory, motor, and cognitive function. Key computational operations, including pattern recognition, event prediction, and plasticity, involve neural discrimination of spatio-temporal sequences. Here, we show that synaptically-driven reaction-diffusion pathways on dendrites can pe...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.25827
更新日期:2017-04-19 00:00:00
abstract::Notch signaling plays a crucial role in controling the proliferation and differentiation of stem and progenitor cells during embryogenesis or organogenesis, but its regulation is incompletely understood. BLOS2, encoded by the Bloc1s2 gene, is a shared subunit of two lysosomal trafficking complexes, biogenesis of lysos...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.18108
更新日期:2016-10-10 00:00:00
abstract::Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease involving cytotoxic conformations of Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1). A major challenge in understanding ALS disease pathology has been the identification and atomic-level characterization of these conformers. Here, we use a combination ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.07296
更新日期:2015-06-23 00:00:00
abstract::Stem cells are maintained in a specialized microenvironment called niche but the nature of stem cell niche remains poorly defined in many systems. Here we demonstrate that intestinal epithelium-derived BMP serves as a niche signal for intestinal stem cell (ISC) self-renewal in Drosophila adult midgut. We find that BMP...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.01857
更新日期:2014-03-11 00:00:00
abstract::In most animals, the brain controls the body via a set of descending neurons (DNs) that traverse the neck. DN activity activates, maintains or modulates locomotion and other behaviors. Individual DNs have been well-studied in species from insects to primates, but little is known about overall connectivity patterns acr...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.34272
更新日期:2018-06-26 00:00:00
abstract::Mating systems have profound effects on genetic diversity and compatibility. The convergent evolution of self-fertilization in three Caenorhabditis species provides a powerful lens to examine causes and consequences of mating system transitions. Among the selfers, Caenorhabditis tropicalis is the least genetically div...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.62587
更新日期:2021-01-11 00:00:00
abstract::Myosins play essential roles in the development and function of auditory organs and multiple myosin genes are associated with hereditary forms of deafness. Using a forward genetic screen in Drosophila, we identified an E3 ligase, Ubr3, as an essential gene for auditory organ development. Ubr3 negatively regulates the ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.15258
更新日期:2016-06-22 00:00:00
abstract::In many daily tasks, we make multiple decisions before reaching a goal. In order to learn such sequences of decisions, a mechanism to link earlier actions to later reward is necessary. Reinforcement learning (RL) theory suggests two classes of algorithms solving this credit assignment problem: In classic temporal-diff...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.47463
更新日期:2019-11-11 00:00:00
abstract::Cells can avoid the effects of so-called 'nonsense' mutations by several methods, including a newly discovered mechanism driven by microRNA molecules. ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.04300
更新日期:2014-09-09 00:00:00
abstract::The Fluc family of F(-) ion channels protects prokaryotes and lower eukaryotes from the toxicity of environmental F(-). In bacteria, these channels are built as dual-topology dimers whereby the two subunits assemble in antiparallel transmembrane orientation. Recent crystal structures suggested that Fluc channels conta...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.18767
更新日期:2016-07-23 00:00:00
abstract::Dengue Virus (DENV), a flavivirus spread by mosquito vectors, can cause vascular leakage and hemorrhaging. However, the processes that underlie increased vascular permeability and pathological plasma leakage during viral hemorrhagic fevers are largely unknown. Mast cells (MCs) are activated in vivo during DENV infecti...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.00481
更新日期:2013-04-30 00:00:00
abstract::In plants the dorsoventral boundary of leaves defines an axis of symmetry through the centre of the organ separating the top (dorsal) and bottom (ventral) tissues. Although the positioning of this boundary is critical for leaf morphogenesis, how the boundary is established and how it influences development remains unc...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.27421
更新日期:2017-09-12 00:00:00
abstract::The non-canonical Wnt/Ca2+ signaling pathway plays important roles in embryonic development, tissue formation and diseases. However, it is unclear how the Wnt ligand-stimulated, G protein-coupled receptor Frizzled activates phospholipases for calcium release. Here, we report that the zebrafish/human phosphatidylinosit...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.26362
更新日期:2017-05-02 00:00:00
abstract::Hair follicle (HF) development is orchestrated by coordinated signals from adjacent epithelial and mesenchymal cells. In humans this process only occurs during embryogenesis and viable strategies to induce new HFs in adult skin are lacking. Here, we reveal that activation of Hedgehog (Hh) signaling in adjacent epithel...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.46756
更新日期:2020-03-17 00:00:00
abstract::T follicular helper cells (Tfh) are critical for the longevity and quality of antibody-mediated protection against infection. Yet few signaling pathways have been identified to be unique solely to Tfh development. ROQUIN is a post-transcriptional repressor of T cells, acting through its ROQ domain to destabilize mRNA ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.08698
更新日期:2015-10-23 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding temporal dynamics of COVID-19 symptoms could provide fine-grained resolution to guide clinical decision-making. Here, we use deep neural networks over an institution-wide platform for the augmented curation of clinical notes from 77,167 patients subjected to COVID-19 PCR testing. By contrasting Electroni...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.58227
更新日期:2020-07-07 00:00:00
abstract::Ion channel models are the building blocks of computational neuron models. Their biological fidelity is therefore crucial for the interpretation of simulations. However, the number of published models, and the lack of standardization, make the comparison of ion channel models with one another and with experimental dat...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.22152
更新日期:2017-03-06 00:00:00
abstract::In Drosophila larvae, Class IV sensory neurons respond to noxious thermal stimuli and provoke heat avoidance behavior. Previously, we showed that the activated neurons displayed characteristic fluctuations of firing rates, which consisted of repetitive high-frequency spike trains and subsequent pause periods, and we p...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.29754
更新日期:2017-10-16 00:00:00
abstract::Our understanding of the antigen presentation pathway has recently been enhanced with the identification that the tapasin-related protein TAPBPR is a second major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-specific chaperone. We sought to determine whether, like tapasin, TAPBPR can also influence MHC class I peptide sel...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.09617
更新日期:2015-10-06 00:00:00
abstract::Studies in different animal model systems have revealed the impact of odors on immune cells; however, any understanding on why and how odors control cellular immunity remained unclear. We find that Drosophila employ an olfactory-immune cross-talk to tune a specific cell type, the lamellocytes, from hematopoietic-proge...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.60376
更新日期:2020-12-29 00:00:00
abstract::Myelin destruction is followed by resident glia activation and mobilization of endogenous progenitors (OPC) which participate in myelin repair. Here we show that in response to demyelination, mature oligodendrocytes (OLG) bordering the lesion express Ndst1, a key enzyme for heparan sulfates (HS) synthesis. Ndst1+ OLG ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.51735
更新日期:2020-06-09 00:00:00
abstract::The IFNλ family of interferons controls the spread of viruses in the upper respiratory tract and transmission between mice. ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.37552
更新日期:2018-05-24 00:00:00
abstract::Existing in vitro models of human skeletal muscle cannot recapitulate the organization and function of native muscle, limiting their use in physiological and pharmacological studies. Here, we demonstrate engineering of electrically and chemically responsive, contractile human muscle tissues ('myobundles') using primar...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.04885
更新日期:2015-01-09 00:00:00
abstract::Axons span extreme distances and are subject to significant stretch deformations during limb movements or sudden head movements, especially during impacts. Yet, axon biomechanics, and its relation to the ultrastructure that allows axons to withstand mechanical stress, is poorly understood. Using a custom developed for...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.51772
更新日期:2020-04-08 00:00:00
abstract::The eukaryotic replisome assembles around the CMG helicase, which stably associates with DNA replication forks throughout elongation. When replication terminates, CMG is ubiquitylated on its Mcm7 subunit and disassembled by the Cdc48/p97 ATPase. Until now, the regulation that restricts CMG ubiquitylation to terminatio...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.60371
更新日期:2020-08-17 00:00:00