The Challenges in the Follow-Up and Treatment of Brazilian Children with Hereditary Angioedema.

Abstract:

INTRODUCTION:Hereditary angioedema (HAE) with C1 inhibitor (C1-INH) deficiency is a rare autosomal dominant disease. Although the first symptoms can appear in childhood, the diagnosis's delay has a strong impact on the patient's quality of life. We analyzed clinical and laboratory characteristics and the drug therapy of pediatric patients with HAE in Brazil. METHODS:Medical records from 18 reference centers of HAE patients under 18 years of age were evaluated after confirmed diagnosis was performed by quantitative and/or functional C1-INH. RESULTS:A total of 95 participants (51 M:44 F; mean age: 7 years old) out of 17 centers were included; 15 asymptomatic cases were identified through family history and genetic screening. Angioedema attacks affected the extremities (73.5%), gastrointestinal tract (57%), face (50%), lips (42.5%), eyelids (23.7%), genitals (23.7%), upper airways (10%), and tongue (6.3%). Family history was present in 84% of patients, and the mean delay in the diagnosis was 3.9 years. Long-term prophylaxis (51/80) was performed with tranexamic acid (39/80) and androgens (13/80); and short-term prophylaxis (9/80) was performed with tranexamic acid (6/80) and danazol (3/80). On-demand therapy (35/80) was prescribed: icatibant in 7/35, fresh frozen plasma in 16/35, C1-INH plasma-derived in 11/35, and tranexamic acid in 12/35 patients. CONCLUSIONS:This is the first study on HAE pediatric patients in Latin America. Clinical manifestations were similar to adults. Drugs such as androgens and tranexamic acid were indicated off-label, probably due to restricted access to specific drugs. Educational programs should address pediatricians to reduce late diagnosis and tailored child therapy.

authors

Araújo-Simões J,Boanova AGP,Constantino-Silva RN,Fragnan NTML,Pinto JA,Minafra FG,Gonçalves RF,Valle SRD,Alonso MLO,Dortas SD,Goudouris ES,Rêgo-Silva AM,Marques MM,Serpa FS,Chong-Neto HJ,Nelson RF,Mansour E,Moreira IF,

doi

10.1159/000512944

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2021-01-28 00:00:00

pages

1-7

eissn

1018-2438

issn

1423-0097

pii

000512944

pub_type

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