Abstract:
:Bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE), featuring polarization-dependent uniform photoresponse at zero external bias, holds potential for exceeding the Shockley-Queisser limit in the efficiency of existing opto-electronic devices. However, the implementation of BPVE has been limited to the naturally existing materials with broken inversion symmetry, such as ferroelectrics, which suffer low efficiencies. Here, we propose metasurface-mediated graphene photodetectors with cascaded polarization-sensitive photoresponse under uniform illumination, mimicking an artificial BPVE. With the assistance of non-centrosymmetric metallic nanoantennas, the hot photocarriers in graphene gain a momentum upon their excitation and form a shift current which is nonlocal and directional. Thereafter, we demonstrate zero-bias uncooled mid-infrared photodetectors with three orders higher responsivity than conventional BPVE and a noise equivalent power of 0.12 nW Hz-1/2. Besides, we observe a vectorial photoresponse which allows us to detect the polarization angle of incident light with a single device. Our strategy opens up alternative possibilities for scalable, low-cost, multifunctional infrared photodetectors.
journal_name
Nat Communjournal_title
Nature communicationsauthors
Wei J,Li Y,Wang L,Liao W,Dong B,Xu C,Zhu C,Ang KW,Qiu CW,Lee Cdoi
10.1038/s41467-020-20115-1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-12-17 00:00:00pages
6404issue
1issn
2041-1723pii
10.1038/s41467-020-20115-1journal_volume
11pub_type
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