Abstract:
:In working and practical contexts, dogs rely upon their ability to discriminate a target odor from distracting odors and other sensory stimuli. Using awake functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in 18 dogs, we examined the neural mechanisms underlying odor discrimination between 2 odors and a mixture of the odors. Neural activation was measured during the presentation of a target odor (A) associated with a food reward, a distractor odor (B) associated with nothing, and a mixture of the two odors (A+B). Changes in neural activation during the presentations of the odor stimuli in individual dogs were measured over time within three regions known to be involved with odor processing: the caudate nucleus, the amygdala, and the olfactory bulbs. Average activation within the amygdala showed that dogs maximally differentiated between odor stimuli based on the stimulus-reward associations by the first run, while activation to the mixture (A+B) was most similar to the no-reward (B) stimulus. To clarify the neural representation of odor mixtures in the dog brain, we used a random forest classifier to compare multilabel (elemental) versus multiclass (configural) models. The multiclass model performed much better than the multilabel (weighted-F1 0.44 vs. 0.14), suggesting the odor mixture was processed configurally. Analysis of the subset of high-performing dogs' brain classification metrics revealed a network of olfactory information-carrying brain regions that included the amygdala, piriform cortex, and posterior cingulate. These results add further evidence for the configural processing of odor mixtures in dogs and suggest a novel way to identify high-performers based on brain classification metrics.
journal_name
Chem Sensesjournal_title
Chemical sensesauthors
Prichard A,Chhibber R,King J,Athanassiades K,Spivak M,Berns GSdoi
10.1093/chemse/bjaa068subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-12-05 00:00:00pages
833-844issue
9eissn
0379-864Xissn
1464-3553pii
5923335journal_volume
45pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
CHEMICAL SENSES文献大全abstract::It is commonly agreed upon a strong link between emotion and olfaction. Odor-evoked memories are experienced as more emotional compared with verbal, visual, and tactile stimuli. Moreover, the emotional quality of odor cues increases memory performance, but contrary to this, odors are poor retrieval cues for verbal lab...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/bjv037
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Parasympathetic nerve (PSN) innervates taste cells of the frog taste disk, and electrical stimulation of PSN elicited a slow hyperpolarizing potential (HP) in taste cells. Here we report that gustatory receptor potentials in frog taste cells are depressed by PSN-induced slow HPs. When PSN was stimulated at 30 Hz durin...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/bjl028
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this review we report data from freely breathing animals in an attempt to show how respiratory dynamics can influence bulbar and cortical activity. Relying on in vivo data as well as in vitro observations, we try to emphasize the multiple mechanisms that underlie this modulation, its multiple origins, and its possi...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/chemse/bjj010
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Individual recognition has been studied across a number of taxa and modalities; however, few attempts have been made to combine chemical and biological approaches and arrive at a more complete understanding of the use of secretions as signals. We combined behavioral habituation experiments with gas chromatography-mass...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/bjr055
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the honeybee (Apis mellifera) is one of the world most studied insects, the chemical compounds used in nestmate recognition, remains an open question. By exploiting the error prone recognition system of the honeybee, coupled with genotyping, we studied the correlation between cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) profi...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/bjv053
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cabbage moth, Mamestra brassicae L. (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae), is a polyphagous species that is often choosing plants of Brassica as hosts for oviposition. In the search for biologically relevant odorants used by these moths, gas chromatography linked to electrophysiological recordings from single receptor neurons ...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/bjm061
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To assess the feasibility of using odors as a potential mechanism for treating sleep apnea, we set out to test the hypothesis that odorants delivered during sleep would modify respiratory patterns without inducing arousal or wake in healthy sleepers. We used 2 mildly trigeminal odorants: the pleasant lavender and unpl...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/bjp079
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The terminal nerve, which innervates the nasal epithelia of most jawed vertebrates, is believed to release neuropeptides that modulate activity of sensory receptor neurons. The terminal nerve usually contains gonadotropin-releasing hormone as well as at least one other peptide that has not been characterized, but whic...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/28.4.339
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study determined taste thresholds for copper as its speciation was varied among free cupric ion, complexed cupric ion, and precipitated cupric particles. The impact of copper chemistry on taste is important as copper is added to many beverages and can be present in drinking water as a natural mineral or due to co...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/bjl010
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, 40 Japanese, 44 German and 39 Mexican women were presented with 18 everyday odorants. They were asked to rate them for intensity on a six-point scale from not detectable to very strong, for pleasantness on an 11-point scale from -5, to neutral at 0, to +5, and for familiarity on a six-point scale from c...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/24.2.191
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have reported that the umami taste of monosodium l-glutamate (MSG) and salty-smelling odors (e.g., soy sauce, bacon, sardines) enhance the perception of saltiness. This study aimed to investigate the neural basis of the enhancement of saltiness in human participants using functional near-infrared spec...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/bjx084
更新日期:2018-02-26 00:00:00
abstract::Aiming to unravel interspecific differences in olfactory preferences, we performed comparative studies of odor valence in flies, mice, and humans. Our analysis suggests a model where flies and mice share similar olfactory preferences, but neither species share odor preferences with humans. This model contrasts with a ...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/bjy074
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The (E)-3-methyl-2-hexenoic acid (E3M2H), an axillary odor-related compound, is known to occur in Caucasians. The aims of this study were to clarify whether E3M2H contributes to axillary odor in Asians and to quantify and compare individual levels of E3M2H. Quantitative determination of E3M2H was performed by means of...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/bjj060
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evidence suggests that women outperform men in core aspects of odor perception, and sex hormones may play a significant role in moderating this effect. The gender-affirming treatment (GAT) of transgender persons constitutes a powerful natural experiment to study the psychological and behavioral effects of high dosages...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/bjz069
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::When one taste (masker) is strong enough, it can completely mask another task (target) of different quality. How strong the masker must be to do this depends on how strong the target is. As the target concentration is increased, the masking concentration must be increased, too, but in ever-increasing proportion. To qu...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/21.2.211
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study analyzed 42 organic solvent extracts of scent mark pools from five dominant female common marmosets by gas chromatography (GC) and combined GC and mass spectrometry. We determined whether there were qualitative or quantitative differences between the chemical composition of scent marks from individua...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/26.5.449
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Arecoline, a major alkaloid in areca nuts, is involved in the pathogenesis of oral diseases. Mammalian taste buds are the structural unit for detecting taste stimuli in the oral cavity. The effects of arecoline on taste bud morphology are poorly understood. Arecoline was injected intraperitoneally (IP) into C57BL/6 mi...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/bjv059
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The vomeronasal organ (VNO) is important for activating accessory olfactory pathways that are involved in sexually dimorphic mating behavior. The VNO of male garter snakes is critically important for detection of, and response to, female sex pheromones. In the present study, under voltage-clamp conditions, male snake ...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/bjj056
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Small soluble proteins, belonging to the lipocalin family are secreted in large amounts by tongue von Ebner's glands and lachrymal glands. In humans, the lingual protein, called VEG, and the lachrymal protein, called tear prealbumin, have shown identical cDNA sequences. In the pig, we have purified homodimeric protein...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/20.1.69
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 20 normal and four anosmic participants, instantaneous inhalation and exhalation flow rates were recorded in response to 15 s stimulations with clean air or propionic acid concentrations (0.16, 1.14, 8.22 and 59.15 p.p.m., v/v) that ranged from peri-threshold for normals to clearly supra-threshold for anosmics. Eac...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/26.4.351
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Single carbon to 18 carbon n-aliphatic carboxylic acids were tested for their attractive effects on female Aedes aegypti in a Y-tube olfactometer. Each acid was tested over a wide range of concentrations together with L-(+)-lactic acid, the indispensable synergist for other attractive components emitted from human hos...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.chemse.a014042
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ten SW.B6 SOA nontaster strains congenic with the SWR/J SOA taster inbred strain were bred via repeated backcross-intercross cycles, with selection for nontasting in each cycle. Preference ratio distributions and phenotypic proportions across cycles at 0.1 mM SOA were consistent with monogenic predictions. The SW.B6 m...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/21.5.507
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Secondary epidermal solitary chemosensory cells (SCCs) are widespread among the primary aquatic vertebrates. They resemble taste bud sensory cells in fine structure and may be innervated from facial or spinal nerves. According to previous studies, SCCs may constitute a water sampling system in the contexts of predator...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/22.2.111
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many previous studies have attempted to investigate the effect of visual cues on olfactory perception in humans. The majority of this research has only looked at the modulatory effect of color, which has typically been explained in terms of multisensory perceptual interactions. However, such crossmodal effects may equ...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/bjn055
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The state of the art in aroma analysis is reviewed with emphasis on aroma-recombination studies using synthetic blends of odorants (aroma models) which have been prepared on the basis of analytical data. The model that matches the original aroma is the starting material for omission experiments which are performed to ...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/chemse/26.5.533
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Olfactory lamellae of teleosts contain two morphologically different types of olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs): ciliated ORNs (cORNs) and microvillous ORNs (mORNs). However, little is known about the functional difference between these two types of ORNs in fish olfaction. We isolated cORNs and mORNs using a Ca(2+)-fr...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/26.9.1145
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glomeruli, neuropilar structures composed of olfactory receptor neuron (ORN) axon terminals and central neuron dendrites, are a common feature of olfactory systems. Typically, ORN axons segregate into glomeruli based on odor specificity, making glomeruli the basic unit for initial processing of odorant information. De...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/bjj024
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Emotion and odor scales (EOS) measuring odor-related affective feelings were recently developed for three different countries (Switzerland, United Kingdom, and Singapore). The first aim of this study was to investigate gender and cultural differences in verbal affective response to odors, measured with EOS and the usu...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/bjs083
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of Ca(2+) in insect olfactory transduction was studied in the moth Spodoptera littoralis. Single sensillum recordings were made to investigate in vivo the role of sensillar Ca(2+) on the electrophysiological properties of sex pheromone responsive olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). Lowering the sensillar Ca(2+...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/bjl059
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is difficult to determine the reason why a patient complains of a bitter taste when their mouth is empty. We examined a new diagnostic test using a bitterness masking substance. The bitterness masking substance, 'Benecoat BMI-60' (hereafter BMI-60), is a masking substance specific to the taste cells' bitterness rec...
journal_title:Chemical senses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/chemse/26.1.91
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00