Abstract:
:Abiotic synthesis of biomolecules is an essential step for the chemical origin of life. Many attempts have succeeded in synthesizing biomolecules, including amino acids and nucleobases (e.g., via spark discharge, impact shock, and hydrothermal heating), from reduced compounds that may have been limited in their availabilities on Hadean Earth and Noachian Mars. On the other hand, formation of amino-acids and nucleobases from CO2 and N2 (i.e., the most abundant C and N sources on Earth during the Hadean) has been limited via spark discharge. Here, we demonstrate the synthesis of amino acids by laboratory impact-induced reactions among simple inorganic mixtures: Fe, Ni, Mg2SiO4, H2O, CO2, and N2, by coupling the reduction of CO2, N2, and H2O with the oxidation of metallic Fe and Ni. These chemical processes simulated the possible reactions at impacts of Fe-bearing meteorites/asteroids on oceans with a CO2 and N2 atmosphere. The results indicate that hypervelocity impact was a source of amino acids on the Earth during the Hadean and potentially on Mars during the Noachian. Amino acids formed during such events could more readily polymerize in the next step of the chemical evolution, as impact events locally form amino acids at the impact sites.
journal_name
Sci Repjournal_title
Scientific reportsauthors
Takeuchi Y,Furukawa Y,Kobayashi T,Sekine T,Terada N,Kakegawa Tdoi
10.1038/s41598-020-66112-8subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-06-08 00:00:00pages
9220issue
1issn
2045-2322pii
10.1038/s41598-020-66112-8journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Marine blue holes are precious geological heritages with high scientific research values. Their physical and chemical characteristics are unique because of the steep-walled structure and isolated water column which create isolated ecosystems in geographically restricted areas. The Sansha Yongle Blue Hole (SYBH) is the...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-67221-0
更新日期:2020-06-24 00:00:00
abstract::Seed number per pod (SNPP) is one of the major yield components and breeding targets in rapeseed that shows great variation and is invaluable for genetic improvement. To elucidate the genetic architecture and uncover the mechanism of SNPP, we identified five quantitative trait loci (QTLs) using the BnaZNRIL population...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep24124
更新日期:2016-04-12 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of antithrombotic drugs on random and free flap survival have been investigated in the past, but the experimental and clinical results are not in agreement. A perforator-based critical ischaemia model was used to evaluate the effects of different perioperatively administered pharmaceutical agents on tissue...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep35833
更新日期:2016-10-21 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the current study is to assess whether total bile acid (TBA) level in first trimester pregnancy is associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Biochemical parameters including serum TBA of 742 pregnant women were collected within 12 weeks of gestation and compared. At 24-28th weeks of gestation, 75...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep34070
更新日期:2016-09-26 00:00:00
abstract::The ability to observe chemical reactions at the molecular level convincingly demonstrates the physical and chemical phenomena occurring throughout a reaction mechanism. Videos obtained through in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed the oxidation of catalytic soot under practical reaction conditions. ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep10161
更新日期:2015-07-08 00:00:00
abstract::To examine the association between 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) uptake in positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and the response to anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibody therapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, 89 patients with advanced or recurrent NSCLC were r...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-50079-2
更新日期:2019-09-16 00:00:00
abstract::Circadian clocks keep time via ~ 24 h transcriptional feedback loops. In Drosophila, CLOCK-CYCLE (CLK-CYC) activators and PERIOD-TIMELESS (PER-TIM) repressors are feedback loop components whose transcriptional status varies over a circadian cycle. Although changes in the state of activators and repressors has been cha...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-75009-5
更新日期:2020-10-21 00:00:00
abstract::Nash equilibrium is widely present in various social disputes. As of now, in structured static populations, such as social networks, regular, and random graphs, the discussions on Nash equilibrium are quite limited. In a relatively stable static gaming network, a rational individual has to comprehensively consider all...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep06224
更新日期:2014-08-29 00:00:00
abstract::Metasurfaces, owing to their attractive features, provide a wide range of potential applications. Electromagnetic absorbers based on metasurfaces have significantly improved responses compared to the earlier absorbers made from composite materials. Active metasurfaces, in contrast to the passive designs, can exhibit m...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-28574-9
更新日期:2018-07-05 00:00:00
abstract::Mammalian Na+/Ca2+ exchangers, NCX1 and NCX3, generate splice variants, whereas NCX2 does not. The CBD1 and CBD2 domains form a regulatory tandem (CBD12), where Ca2+ binding to CBD1 activates and Ca2+ binding to CBD2 (bearing the splicing segment) alleviates the Na+-induced inactivation. Here, the NCX2-CBD12, NCX3-CBD...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-01102-x
更新日期:2017-04-20 00:00:00
abstract::There has been much interest in understanding collective dynamics in networks of brain regions due to their role in behavior and cognitive function. Here we show that a simple, homogeneous system of densely connected oscillators, representing the aggregate activity of local brain regions, can exhibit a rich variety of...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep22074
更新日期:2016-02-26 00:00:00
abstract::By means of first principles calculation and experiments, a detailed mechanism is proposed to include the stages of slip, adjustment, and expansion for the HCP → FCC phase transformation with the prismatic relation of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] in titanium. It is revealed that the formation of four FC...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-20257-9
更新日期:2018-01-31 00:00:00
abstract::The Klein tunneling of optical waves near the Dirac points in the metal-dielectric multilayer metamaterials is theoretically investigated and demonstrated through the coupled-mode theory under the tight-binding approximation and the rigorous band structure analysis based on the transfer-matrix method. The optical anal...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-09899-3
更新日期:2017-08-29 00:00:00
abstract::Live birth is the most important concern for assisted reproductive technology (ART) patients. Therefore, in the medical reproductive centre, obstetricians often need to answer the following question: "What are the chances that I will have a healthy baby after ART treatment?" To date, our obstetricians have no referenc...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-79308-9
更新日期:2021-01-11 00:00:00
abstract::Solar conversion to fuels or to electricity in semiconductors using far red-to-near infrared (NIR) light, which accounts for about 40% of solar energy, is highly significant. One main challenge is the development of novel strategies for activity promotion and new basic mechanisms for NIR response. Mother Nature has ev...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep20001
更新日期:2016-01-28 00:00:00
abstract::Glutamate (Glu), the key excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, is considered essential for brain functioning and has a vital role in learning and memory formation. Earlier it was considered as a harmful agent but later found to be useful for many body functions. However, studies regarding the effe...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-68041-y
更新日期:2020-07-08 00:00:00
abstract::IFI16 and AIM2 are important DNA sensors in antiviral immunity. To characterize these two molecules in a woodchuck model, which is widely used to study hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, we cloned and analyzed the complete coding sequences (CDSs) of woodchuck IFI16 and AIM2, and found that AIM2 was highly conserved in...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep28776
更新日期:2016-06-29 00:00:00
abstract::The prime function of nucleoli is ribogenesis, however, several other, non-canonical functions have recently been identified, including a role in genotoxic stress response. Upon DNA damage, numerous proteins shuttle dynamically between the nucleolus and the nucleoplasm, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms are inco...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-46358-7
更新日期:2019-07-11 00:00:00
abstract::The myogenic factor MyoD regulates skeletal muscle differentiation by interacting with a variety of chromatin-modifying complexes. Although MyoD can induce and maintain chromatin accessibility at its target genes, its binding and trans-activation ability can be limited by some types of not fully characterized epigenet...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-72155-8
更新日期:2020-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Among different therapeutic applications of Ultrasound (US), transient membrane sonoporation (SP) - a temporary, non-lethal porosity, mechanically induced in cell membranes through US exposure - represents a compelling opportunity towards an efficient and safe drug delivery. Nevertheless, progresses in this field have...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-16708-4
更新日期:2017-11-28 00:00:00
abstract::Real-time PCR targeting lytA (the major autolysin gene) and piaB (permease gene of the pia ABC transporter) are currently used as the gold-standard culture-independent assays for Streptococcus pneumoniae identification. We evaluated the performance of a new real-time PCR assay - targeting SP2020 (putative transcriptio...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-39791-1
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The GacS/GacA two-component system (also called GrrS/GrrA) is a global regulatory system which is highly conserved among gamma-proteobacteria. This system positively regulates non-coding small regulatory RNA csrB, which in turn binds to the RNA-binding protein CsrA. However, how GacS/GacA-Csr system regulates virulenc...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep37195
更新日期:2016-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs) have attracted attention because they cause therapeutic resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Understanding the metabolism of LCSCs can be a key to developing therapeutic strategy, but metabolic characteristics have not yet been studied. Here, we systematically analyzed and comp...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep45557
更新日期:2017-04-03 00:00:00
abstract::The accumulation of repetitive DNA sequences on the sex-limited W or Y chromosomes is a well-known process that is likely triggered by the suppression of recombination between the sex chromosomes, which leads to major differences in their sizes and genetic content. Here, we report an analysis conducted on the satellit...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-42383-8
更新日期:2019-04-10 00:00:00
abstract::Microalgal harvesting and dewatering are the main bottlenecks that need to be overcome to tap the potential of microalgae for production of valuable compounds. Water surface-floating microalgae form robust biofilms, float on the water surface along with gas bubbles entrapped under the biofilms, and have great potentia...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-47612-8
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We study ultrafast ionization dynamics using orthogonally polarized two-color (OTC) laser pulses involving the resonant "first plus second" (ω + 2ω) scheme. The scheme is illustrated by numerical simulations of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation and recording the photoelectron momentum distribution. On the basis ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-57125-z
更新日期:2020-01-14 00:00:00
abstract::PP2A(Cdc55) is a highly conserved serine-threonine protein phosphatase that is involved in diverse cellular processes. In budding yeast, meiotic cells lacking PP2A(Cdc55) activity undergo a premature exit from meiosis I which results in a failure to form bipolar spindles and divide nuclei. This defect is largely due t...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep30397
更新日期:2016-07-26 00:00:00
abstract::This study aimed to explore the development of mental rotation ability throughout life by comparing different kinds of stimuli. Thirty-six children (6-9 years-old), 30 young (20-28 years-old) and 30 elderly people (60-82 years-old) performed mental rotation tasks with abstract (i.e. two-dimensional lines) and concrete...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-37729-7
更新日期:2019-02-04 00:00:00
abstract::We herein present a novel and sustainable technology for mercury recycling, with the maximum observed uptake capacity. Facile synthesis of the most efficient (~1.9 gg-1) nano-trap, made of montmorillonite-Fe-iron oxides, was performed to instantaneously remove mercury(II) ions from water. Elemental Hg was recovered fr...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-34172-6
更新日期:2018-11-02 00:00:00
abstract::In species richness studies, citizen-science surveys where participants make individual decisions regarding sampling strategies provide a cost-effective approach to collect a large amount of data. However, it is unclear to what extent the bias inherent to opportunistically collected samples may invalidate our inferenc...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-55593-x
更新日期:2019-12-13 00:00:00