Abstract：
:Carbamide peroxide (CP) is widely used as a tooth-whitening agent in self-administered tooth-bleaching products. In this study, the effects of 5% and 10% CP on dentinal collagen structure and chemical properties were evaluated in vitro. Thirty-five intact teeth were exposed to 2 whitening protocols (2 or 4 h daily) with either 5% or 10% CP gel for 1 wk. Shade changes before and after the whitening protocol were captured colorimetrically using a spectroshade. Collagen scaffold models and demineralized dentine disc samples were prepared and exposed to CP droplets (5% or 10%). Structural changes were investigated using electron microscopy. Finally, mineralized dentine disc samples were prepared postbleaching to assess chemical changes resulting from CP exposure in dentinal collagen using Raman spectroscopy. Results showed a difference in tooth shade when exposed to 5% and 10% CP whitening protocols, with a significantly ( P ≤ 0.01) greater change reported for the 10% CP/4-h group. Imaging of the collagen scaffold model following exposure to CP showed a gelatinization process indicating that the free radical by-products from CP are able to disrupt the quaternary structure of noncrosslinked collagen. The most significant damage on the collagen scaffold was seen for the 10% CP exposure for 4 h. Imaging of the demineralized discs displayed the same glassy amorphous layer appearance as found in the collagen scaffold. Raman spectra of the mineralized dentine discs showed a significant decrease ( P ≤ 0.01) in the integrated area of amide I and amide III values in the 4 test groups following CP application. Amide I was more affected as both the exposure time and concentration of CP increased. Despite the claimed safety of whitening agents, this in vitro study concludes that even low concentrations of CP result in a deleterious change in dentinal collagen.
journal_name
J Dent Resjournal_title
Journal of dental researchauthors
Redha O,Strange A,Maeva A,Sambrook R,Mordan N,McDonald A,Bozec Ldoi
10.1177/0022034518822826subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-04-01 00:00:00pages
443-449issue
4eissn
0022-0345issn
1544-0591journal_volume
98pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:A three-month study of the chemistry of the water erosion of two forms of ASPA cement has been made. The effect of varying cement consistency and cure time was investigated. The results are discussed in terms of the known chemistry and structure of the cement. The erosion behavior is compared to that of silicate, sili...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00220345760550060501
更新日期：1976-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Physico-chemical investigations of enamel from deciduous teeth of a small number of children with and without pre-natal fluoride supplementation (PNF) exhibited the following differences between the PNF and non-PNF enamel, with the former showing: (a) more homogeneous and less extensive patterns of acid-etching; (b) d...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00220345850640031601
更新日期：1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The dimensional accuracy of porcelain fused to metal crown and bridge castings was determined on truncated cone-shaped steel dies. Ni-Cr castings produced in manufacturers' laboratories were consistently undersize, while precious metal castings were consistently oversize. Ni-Cr castings, produced in NBS laboratories u...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00220345790580120501
更新日期：1979-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The clearance of glucose from saliva was compared with that from spaces located in an intra-oral appliance. The spaces (N = 8) were similar in shape and size to posterior interdental spaces and could be sampled with a microsyringe without removing the appliance from the mouth. The subjects (N = 5) rinsed their mouths ...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00220345850640030301
更新日期：1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The balance between bone resorption and bone formation is vital for maintenance and regeneration of alveolar bone and supporting structures around teeth and dental implants. Tissue regeneration in the oral cavity is regulated by multiple cell types, signaling mechanisms, and matrix interactions. A goal for periodontal...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1177/0022034515618887
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The periodontium contains heterogeneous mesenchymal cell populations with various differentiation potentials. The capacity of these cells for tissue formation as well as the origin of their precursors are still not entirely defined. In this study, cells originating from different periodontal tissues were cultured in v...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00220345950740051201
更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An adhesive opaque resin for veneering on cast metal was developed with 4-methacryloxyethyl trimellitate anhydride and poly (methyl methacrylate)-coated titanium dioxide prepared by aqueous phase polymerization. The opaque resin was a modified 4-META/MMA-TBB resin. The powder consisted of 20% of the encapsulated mater...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00220345880670010501
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Strength and durability of the dentin-acrylic resin joint cemented with 2-cyanoacrylate esters were studied. Maximum adhesion is obtained with isobutyl 2-cyanoacrylate after 1% acid pretreatment of the dentin. Hydrolytic stability is somewhat improved by addition of polymer to the adhesive or coating around the joint....
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00220345790580090901
更新日期：1979-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One of the main goals of bone tissue engineering is to identify and develop new biomaterials and scaffolds for structural support and controlled cell growth, which allow for formation or replacement of bone tissue. Recently, carbon nanotubes (CNT) have emerged as a potential candidate for bone tissue engineering. CNT ...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1177/0022034513490957
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Proteolytic hydrolysis of casein and porcine or bovine glycoproteins by S mutans was demonstrated in the present study. Caseinolytic activity was found in both the soluble contents of the cells and the cellular debris after rupture of the cells. However, caseinolytic activity could not be demonstrated after growth in ...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00220345760550031701
更新日期：1976-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We determined the exposure to mercury from dental amalgam by comparison of blood levels of mercury before and after removal of all amalgams from ten subjects. Baseline concentrations of mercury in whole blood were measured weekly for four to 18 weeks (median = 6.6 weeks) prior to removal. All amalgams were removed in ...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00220345890680050501
更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Selected strains of oral Streptococcus and Actinomyces have been tested for their ability to grow in the presence of mercury. Strains were tested for growth on a semi-defined medium with low mercury-binding characteristics. Sensitivities were initially measured on agar plates, and subsequently, selected strains were g...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00220345930720091201
更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The solubilities of extracellular polysaccharide fractions produced by 14 oral streptococcal strains were compared in water, aqueous lithium and guanidine salt solutions, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and a 9:1 DMSO-water mixture. The best results for solubilizing the fractions were obtained with the DMSO-water mixture p...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00220345750540042601
更新日期：1975-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Various etching methods are examined with respect to their ability to induce the surface nucleation and growth of fluorapatite from solutions of low, sustained supersaturation with respect to hydroxyapatite and fluorapatite. The constant composition kinetics method enables the rates of remineralization to be precisely...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00220345820610091301
更新日期：1982-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) concentrations and cellular distribution were studied in dental and periodontal tissues during tooth eruption in kittens. Although the mean levels of cAMP around developing teeth were similar in all the tissue samples, there were marked differences in cAMP stainability of ti...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00220345770560040801
更新日期：1977-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The dental phenolic medicaments, eugenol and guaiacol, are partly similar in chemical structure to capsaicin, the pungent constituent of chili peppers, which selectively activates sensory neurons via a specific receptor. We have previously demonstrated that these phenolic compounds show capsaicin-like action. In the p...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00220345970760040501
更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dental diseases are now viewed as a consequence of a deleterious shift in the balance of the normally stable resident oral microbiome. It is known that frequent carbohydrate consumption or reduced saliva flow can lead to caries, and excessive plaque accumulation increases the risk of periodontal diseases. However, whe...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1177/0022034517742139
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Saliva plays a major role in maintaining oral health. Patients with salivary hypofunction exhibit difficulty in chewing and swallowing foods, tooth decay, periodontal disease, and microbial infections. At this time, treatments for hyposalivation are limited to medications (e.g., muscarinic receptor agonists: pilocarpi...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0022034515600157
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The classic stimulus for cellular cytokine production is bacterial lipopolysaccharide (endotoxin). It was therefore hypothesized that tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) may be responsible for pericoronitis. TNF-alpha and its receptors were detected by immunohistochemical staining in third molar pericoronitis in t...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/154405910508401216
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The acquired enamel pellicle is an oral, fluid-derived protein layer that forms on the tooth surface. It is a biologically and clinically important integument that protects teeth against enamel demineralization, and abrasion. Tooth surfaces are exposed to different proteinaceous microenvironments depending on the enam...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0022034516680771
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:Excessive mechanical stress (MS) during hyperocclusion is known to result in disappearance of the alveolar hard line, enlargement of the periodontal ligament (PDL) space, and destruction of alveolar bone, leading to occlusal traumatism. We have recently reported that MS induces predominantly C-C chemokine li...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0022034512467803
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of electric current during the application of etch-and-rinse adhesive systems has been recently claimed to increase bonding of etch-and-rinse adhesives by enhancing substrate impregnation. The null hypothesis tested in this study was that electrically assisted application has no effect on bond strength of self...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/154405910608501205
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chemical bonding between dental porcelains and alloys results from interdiffusion of porcelain and metal ions. An interfacial diffusion zone is created which, most likely, has properties different from those of bulk materials. The changed interface might affect experimental measurements of thermo-mechanical strain. To...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00220345830620051701
更新日期：1983-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A plaque growth chamber was developed for long-term growth of five separate plaques from the same plaque or saliva sample under identical conditions of temperature and gas phase. Reagent addition and growth conditions for each plaque could be independently controlled, and each was accessible for sequential sampling an...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00220345910700110301
更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The regulation of blood flow of the dental pulp was investigated in dogs and rats anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital. Pulpal blood flow was altered by variations of local and systemic hemodynamics. Variation in pulpal hemodynamics was attained by means of close intra-arterial injections of adrenergic agonists (NE ...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/002203458506400415
更新日期：1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In previous studies, light-cured glass-ionomer cements have been shown to evoke cytotoxic reactions. It was the purpose of this investigation (a) to determine the nature of the ingredients released into an aqueous medium from 2 light-cured glass-ionomer cements (GICs) and 3 compomers; (b) to evaluate the cytotoxicity ...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00220345980770121001
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Obesity is a widespread chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by an increased overall disease burden and significant association with periodontitis. The aim of this prospective clinical cohort study was to investigate the effect of obesity on orthodontic tooth movement. Fifty-five adolescent patients (27 males, ...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0022034516688448
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Odontoblasts and fibroblasts are suspected to influence the innate immune response triggered in the dental pulp by micro-organisms that progressively invade the human tooth during the caries process. To determine whether they differ in their responses to oral pathogens, we performed a systematic comparative analysis o...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/154405910808700304
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lysis of cell wall preparations from strains representing serotypes a - g of Streptococcus mutans has provided a convenient and efficient means of obtaining the typing antigens in a soluble undegraded form, and has demonstrated that, in each case, the antigen is a cell wall component in the strict sense of a component...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00220345830620100401
更新日期：1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We evaluated the predictive and construct validity of a caries activity assessment system associated with the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) in primary teeth. A total of 469 children were reexamined: participants of a caries survey performed 2 yr before (follow-up rate of 73.4%). At basel...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0022034514531017
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
