Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Production effect (PE) is a memory phenomenon referring to better memory for produced (vocalized) than for non-produced (silently read) items. Reading aloud was found to improve verbal memory for normal-hearing individuals, as well as for cochlear implant users, studying visually and aurally presented material. PURPOSE:The present study tested the effect of presentation mode (written or signed) and production type (vocalization or signing) on word memory in a group of hearing impaired young adults, sign-language users. RESEARCH DESIGN:A PE paradigm was used, in which participants learned lexical items by two presentation modes, written or signed. We evaluated the efficacy of two types of productions: vocalization and signing, using a free recall test. STUDY SAMPLE:Twenty hearing-impaired young adults, Israeli sign language (ISL) users, participated in the study, ten individuals who mainly use manual communication (MC) (ISL as a first language), and ten who mainly use total communication (TC). DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS:For each condition, we calculated the proportion of study words recalled. A mixed-design analysis of variance was conducted, with learning condition (written-vocalize, written-signed, and manual-signed) and production type (production and no-production) as within-subject variables, and group (MC and TC) as a between-subject variable. RESULTS:Production benefit was documented across all learning conditions, with better memory for produced over non-produced words. Recall rates were higher when learning written words relative to signed words. Production by signing yielded better memory relative to vocalizing. CONCLUSIONS:The results are explained in light of the encoding distinctiveness account, namely, the larger the number of unique encoding processes involved at study, the better the memory benefit.
journal_name
J Am Acad Audioljournal_title
Journal of the American Academy of Audiologyauthors
Swead RT,Mama Y,Icht Mdoi
10.3766/jaaa.17030subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-11-01 00:00:00pages
875-884issue
10eissn
1050-0545issn
2157-3107journal_volume
29pub_type
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journal_title:Journal of the American Academy of Audiology
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journal_title:Journal of the American Academy of Audiology
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