Abstract：
:The gene encoding the large-T protein of polyoma virus (plt), the E1A genes of adenoviruses, the viral myc gene (v-myc) or rearranged forms of the cellular c-myc gene confer on rat embryo fibroblast (REF) cells in primary culture a series of new properties ('immortality', reduced serum requirement and sensitivity to transformation by viral and activated cellular oncogenes) but do not induce the appearance of transformed foci. We now report that focus formation can be induced after transfer of these genes into either REF or established FR3T3 rat cells by subsequent exposure to the tumour promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA). Frequencies of transformation are in the same range as those usually observed for transformation with complete polyoma DNA or with a mixture of cloned myc and ras oncogenes. These results further characterize the 'immortalized' state induced by plt and myc as one in which the cells maintain a normal growth control in many respects but can be further acted upon to produce a neoplastic progeny.
journal_name
Naturejournal_title
Natureauthors
Connan G,Rassoulzadegan M,Cuzin Fdoi
10.1038/314277a0subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1985-03-21 00:00:00pages
277-9issue
6008eissn
0028-0836issn
1476-4687journal_volume
314pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
NATURE文献大全abstract：:The normal cellular homologue of the acutely transforming oncogene v-raf is c-raf-1, which encodes a serine/threonine protein kinase that is activated by many extracellular stimuli. The physiological substrates of the protein c-Raf-1 are unknown. The mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases Erk1 and 2 are also activate...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/358417a0
更新日期：1992-07-30 00:00:00
abstract：:The sensation of pain is carried to the central nervous system by small-diameter fibres which terminate in the superficial layers of the spinal grey matter, particularly the substantia gelatinosa. Opiate drugs administered into the substantia gelatinosa inhibit the excitation of deeper dorsal horn neurones by noxious ...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/305529a0
更新日期：1983-10-06 00:00:00
abstract：:Abyssal-hill-bounding faults that pervade the oceanic crust are the most common tectonic feature on the surface of the Earth. The recognition that these faults form at plate spreading centres came with the plate tectonic revolution. Recent observations reveal a large range of fault sizes and orientations; numerical mo...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature03358
更新日期：2005-04-07 00:00:00
abstract：:The emergence of HIV-1 group M subtype B in North American men who have sex with men was a key turning point in the HIV/AIDS pandemic. Phylogenetic studies have suggested cryptic subtype B circulation in the United States (US) throughout the 1970s and an even older presence in the Caribbean. However, these temporal an...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature19827
更新日期：2016-11-03 00:00:00
abstract：:Classical crystallography can determine structures as complicated as multi-component ribosomal assemblies with atomic resolution, but is inadequate for disordered systems--even those as simple as water ice--that occupy the complex middle ground between liquid-like randomness and crystalline periodic order. Correlated ...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/nature14453
更新日期：2015-05-21 00:00:00
abstract：:The availability of iron limits primary productivity and the associated uptake of carbon over large areas of the ocean. Iron thus plays an important role in the carbon cycle, and changes in its supply to the surface ocean may have had a significant effect on atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations over glacial-inter...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature05700
更新日期：2007-04-26 00:00:00
abstract：:The extent of allelic variation has been estimated at 46 structural gene loci within three major colonies of Swiss mice and between inbred derivative strains. The colonies have retained nearly the same amount and type of variation found in natural murine or human populations despite laboratory propagation for more tha...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/283157a0
更新日期：1980-01-10 00:00:00
abstract：:The search for the earliest fossil evidence of the human lineage has been concentrated in East Africa. Here we report the discovery of six hominid specimens from Chad, central Africa, 2,500 km from the East African Rift Valley. The fossils include a nearly complete cranium and fragmentary lower jaws. The associated fa...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature00879
更新日期：2002-07-11 00:00:00
abstract：:The ability of the immune system to eliminate and shape the immunogenicity of tumours defines the process of cancer immunoediting1. Immunotherapies such as those that target immune checkpoint molecules can be used to augment immune-mediated elimination of tumours and have resulted in durable responses in patients with...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41586-019-1671-8
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cell-cell interactions are thought to play a crucial part in determining the developmental fate of vertebrate cells and regulating their subsequent differentiation. In the peripheral nervous system, for example, signals from neuronal axons determine whether or not some Schwann cells wrap their plasma membrane concentr...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/309367a0
更新日期：1984-05-24 00:00:00
abstract：:The clinical course of autoimmune and infectious disease varies greatly, even between individuals with the same condition. An understanding of the molecular basis for this heterogeneity could lead to significant improvements in both monitoring and treatment. During chronic infection the process of T-cell exhaustion in...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature14468
更新日期：2015-07-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Ligand-gated ion channels are multi-subunit complexes where each subunit-type is encoded by several related genes. Heterologous expression of any one of the neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) alpha-type subunits, either alone or with any beta-type subunit, typically yields functional nAChR channels. A ...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/380347a0
更新日期：1996-03-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurons in the developing rodent cortex are generated from radial glial cells that function as neural stem cells. These epithelial cells line the cerebral ventricles and generate intermediate progenitor cells that migrate into the subventricular zone (SVZ) and proliferate to increase neuronal number. The developing hu...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature08845
更新日期：2010-03-25 00:00:00
abstract：:An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper. ...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 已发布勘误
doi：10.1038/s41586-020-2351-4
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a group of conditions characterized by impaired social interaction and communication, and restricted and repetitive behaviours. ASD is a highly heritable disorder involving various genetic determinants. Shank2 (also known as ProSAP1) is a multi-domain scaffolding protein and signallin...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature11208
更新日期：2012-06-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Alkaloids, secondary metabolites that contain basic nitrogen atoms, are some of the most well-known biologically active natural products in chemistry and medicine. Although efficient laboratory synthesis of alkaloids would enable the study and optimization of their biological properties, their preparation is often com...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature14902
更新日期：2015-09-24 00:00:00
abstract：:Genetic studies, using floral homeotic mutants, have led to the ABC model of flower development. This model proposes that the combinatorial action of three sets of genes, the A, B and C function genes, specify the four floral organs (sepals, petals, stamens and carpels) in the concentric floral whorls. However, attemp...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/35054083
更新日期：2001-01-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Sea-level histories during the two most recent deglacial-interglacial intervals show substantial differences1-3 despite both periods undergoing similar changes in global mean temperature4,5 and forcing from greenhouse gases6. Although the last interglaciation (LIG) experienced stronger boreal summer insolation forcing...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41586-020-1931-7
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The application of human embryonic stem (ES) cells in medicine and biology has an inherent reliance on understanding the starting cell population. Human ES cells differ from mouse ES cells and the specific embryonic origin of both cell types is unclear. Previous work suggested that mouse ES cells could only be obtaine...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature05972
更新日期：2007-07-12 00:00:00
abstract：:Nerve growth factor (NGF) is involved in a variety of processes involving signalling, such as cell differentiation and survival, growth cessation and apoptosis of neurons. These events are mediated by NGF as a result of binding to its two cell-surface receptors, TrkA and p75. TrkA is a receptor with tyrosine kinase ac...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/43705
更新日期：1999-09-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Multistranded DNA structures based upon guanine association have been proposed to be important in the structure of chromosome telomeres and in immunoglobulin class switching. Nucleic acids containing runs of guanine bases form a number of structures in vitro, including fold-back structures (Fig. 1a) and parallel-stran...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/360280a0
更新日期：1992-11-19 00:00:00
abstract：:Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are most probably powered by collimated relativistic outflows (jets) from accreting black holes at cosmological distances. Bright afterglows are produced when the outflow collides with the ambient medium. Afterglow polarization directly probes the magnetic properties of the jet when measured mi...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature13237
更新日期：2014-05-08 00:00:00
abstract：:Bax (Bcl2-associated X protein) is an apoptosis-inducing protein that participates in cell death during normal development and in various diseases. Bax resides in an inactive state in the cytosol of many cells. In response to death stimuli, Bax protein undergoes conformational changes that expose membrane-targeting do...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature01627
更新日期：2003-05-22 00:00:00
abstract：: ...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 面试
doi：10.1038/d41586-018-07198-z
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this Article, in Fig. 1a, the 5' and 3' labels were reversed in the DNA sequence, and Fig. 4 was missing panel labels a-e. These errors have been corrected online. ...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 已发布勘误
doi：10.1038/s41586-019-1343-8
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The phenomenon of colossal magnetoresistance in manganites is generally agreed to be a result of competition between crystal phases with different electronic, magnetic and structural order; a competition which can be strong enough to cause phase separation between metallic ferromagnetic and insulating charge-modulated...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature03300
更新日期：2005-02-10 00:00:00
abstract：:The reaction mechanism of protein folding by the chaperonin GroEL and its regulator GroES has been defined. GroES and substrate protein counteract each other's effects on GroEL: whereas GroES stabilizes GroEL in the ADP-bound state, binding of unfolded polypeptide within the cavity of the GroEL cylinder triggers ADP a...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/366228a0
更新日期：1993-11-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Combined PD-1 and CTLA-4-targeted immunotherapy with nivolumab and ipilimumab is effective against melanoma, renal cell carcinoma and non-small-cell lung cancer1-3. However, this comes at the cost of frequent, serious immune-related adverse events, necessitating a reduction in the recommended dose of ipilimumab that i...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41586-019-1162-y
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:CD95 (also called Fas and APO-1) is a prototypical death receptor that regulates tissue homeostasis mainly in the immune system through the induction of apoptosis. During cancer progression CD95 is frequently downregulated or cells are rendered apoptosis resistant, raising the possibility that loss of CD95 is part of ...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature09075
更新日期：2010-05-27 00:00:00
abstract：:In mammalian tissues the C-terminal amide structure has been found to occur only in neuroactive or hormonally-active peptides. About half known neuropeptide and peptide hormones have this unique chemical feature. Using a chemical detection method, a search for previously unknown peptides that possess the C-terminal am...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/324476a0
更新日期：1986-12-04 00:00:00
