Abstract:
:Spreading broadly refers to the notion of an entity propagating throughout a networked system via its interacting components. Evidence of its ubiquity and severity can be seen in a range of phenomena, from disease epidemics to financial systemic risk. In order to understand the dynamics of these critical phenomena, computational models map the probability of propagation as a function of direct exposure, typically in the form of pairwise interactions between components. By doing so, the important role of indirect interactions remains unexplored. In response, we develop a simple model that accounts for the effect of both direct and subsequent exposure, which we deploy in the novel context of failure propagation within a real-world engineering project. We show that subsequent exposure has a significant effect in key aspects, including the: (a) final spreading event size, (b) propagation rate, and (c) spreading event structure. In addition, we demonstrate the existence of 'hidden influentials' in large-scale spreading events, and evaluate the role of direct and subsequent exposure in their emergence. Given the evidence of the importance of subsequent exposure, our findings offer new insight on particular aspects that need to be included when modelling network dynamics in general, and spreading processes specifically.
journal_name
Sci Repjournal_title
Scientific reportsauthors
Ellinas Cdoi
10.1038/s41598-018-22770-3subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-03-12 00:00:00pages
4373issue
1issn
2045-2322pii
10.1038/s41598-018-22770-3journal_volume
8pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Previous results regarding the associations between esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma (ESCC) risk and smoking/alcohol drinking in high-risk areas are inconsistent. We performed a large population-based case-control study from 2010 to 2013 in a high-incidence area of China, and enrolled 1353 ESCC cases and 1961 contro...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-17617-2
更新日期:2017-12-08 00:00:00
abstract::Gadoxetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA) is a paramagnetic MRI contrast agent with raising popularity and has been used for evaluation of imaging-based liver function in recent years. In order to verify whether liver function as determined by real-time breath analysis using the intravenous administration of 13C-methacetin can be ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-27401-5
更新日期:2018-06-13 00:00:00
abstract::Ghrelin is the only orexigenic peptide currently known and a potent prokinetic by promoting gastric motility but novel insights suggest that its role extends beyond satiety regulation. Whereas ghrelin was shown to provide somatic and colonic antinociception, its impact on gastric sensitivity is unknown even though sto...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-67053-y
更新日期:2020-06-19 00:00:00
abstract::Fire ants are widely studied, invasive and venomous arthropod pests. There is significant biomedical interest in immunotherapy against fire ant stings. However, mainly due to practical reasons, the physiological effects of envenomation has remained poorly characterized. The present study takes advantage of a recently-...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-32327-z
更新日期:2018-09-26 00:00:00
abstract::Fear is an adaptive emotion that elicits defensive behavioural responses against aversive threats in animals. In mammals, serotonin receptors (5-HTRs) have been shown to modulate fear-related neural circuits in the basolateral amygdala complex (BLA). To understand the phylogenetic continuity of the neural basis for fe...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-78247-9
更新日期:2020-12-03 00:00:00
abstract::Liver failure, whether arising directly from acute liver failure or from decompensated chronic liver disease is an increasing problem worldwide and results in many deaths. In the UK only 10% of individuals requiring a liver transplant receive one. Thus the need for alternative treatments is paramount. A BioArtificial ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-15021-4
更新日期:2017-11-06 00:00:00
abstract::Delivery and expression of recombinant genes, a key methodology for many applications in biological research, remains a challenge especially for mature neurons. Here, we report easy, highly efficient and well tolerated transduction of adult peripheral and central neuronal populations of diverse species in culture usin...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep38928
更新日期:2016-12-13 00:00:00
abstract::Multiferroic BiFeO3 exhibits excellent magnetoelectric coupling critical for magnetic information processing with minimal power consumption. However, the degenerate nature of the easy spin axis in the (111) plane presents roadblocks for real world applications. Here, we explore the stabilization and switchability of t...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep12969
更新日期:2015-08-06 00:00:00
abstract::Desertification due to climate change and increasing drought periods is a worldwide problem for both ecology and economy. Our ability to understand how vegetation manages to survive and propagate through arid and semiarid ecosystems may be useful in the development of future strategies to prevent desertification, pres...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep33703
更新日期:2016-09-21 00:00:00
abstract::Practical application of superhydrophobic surfaces is limited by the fragility of nanoscale asperities. Combining chemical etching and anodization, microscale pits and nanoscale pores, instead of the micro and nano protrusions on traditional superhydrophobic surfaces mimicking Lutos leaves, were fabricated on commerci...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep20933
更新日期:2016-02-08 00:00:00
abstract::Transverse-tubules (T-tubules) play pivotal roles in Ca2+-induced, Ca2+ release and excitation-contraction coupling in cardiomyocytes. The purpose of this study was to uncover mechanisms where sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA2a) improved cardiac function through T-tubule regulation during myocardial isch...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-021-81570-4
更新日期:2021-01-21 00:00:00
abstract::This study aims to understand through statistical learning the basic biophysical mechanisms behind three-dimensional folding of epigenomes. The 3DEpiLoop algorithm predicts three-dimensional chromatin looping interactions within topologically associating domains (TADs) from one-dimensional epigenomics and transcriptio...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-23276-8
更新日期:2018-03-26 00:00:00
abstract::In arid and semiarid regions, low precipitation rates lead to soil salinity problems, which may limit plant establishment, growth, and survival. Herein, we investigated the NaCl stress effect on chlorophyll fluorescence, photosynthetic-pigments, movement and chloroplasts ultrastructure in chlorenchyma cells of Opuntia...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-08744-x
更新日期:2017-08-17 00:00:00
abstract::Organic solar cells (OSCs) have attracted great attention in the past 30 years, and the power conversion efficiency (PCE) now reaches around 10%, largely owning to the rapid material developments. Meanwhile with the progress in the device performance, more and more interests are turning to understanding the fundamenta...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep40134
更新日期:2017-01-10 00:00:00
abstract::In spite of its prevalence in animals and plants, endogenous nitric oxide (NO) has been rarely reported in fungi. We present here our observations on production of intracellular NO and its possible roles during development of Neurospora crassa, a model filamentous fungus. Intracellular NO was detected in hypha 8-16 ho...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep30037
更新日期:2016-07-18 00:00:00
abstract::We report on angle-dependent measurements of the sheet resistances and Hall coefficients of electron liquids in SmTiO3/SrTiO3/SmTiO3 quantum well structures, which were grown by molecular beam epitaxy on (001) DyScO3. We compare their transport properties with those of similar structures grown on LSAT [(La0.3Sr0.7)(Al...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-10841-w
更新日期:2017-09-04 00:00:00
abstract::The mobilities of electrons and holes determine the applicability of any semiconductor, but their individual measurement remains a major challenge. Here, we show that time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy (TRTS) can distinguish the mobilities of minority and majority charge carriers independently of the doping-type and...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-32695-6
更新日期:2018-09-27 00:00:00
abstract::Cover crops (plants grown in an agricultural rotation between cash crops) can significantly improve soil quality via sequestering carbon, retaining nutrients, decreasing soil erosion, and maintaining belowground biodiversity. However, little is known about the effects of such plants upon soil structure. The aim of the...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-43937-6
更新日期:2019-05-16 00:00:00
abstract::Knowledge of the direct role humans have had in changing the landscape requires the perspective of historical and archaeological sources, as well as climatic and ecologic processes, when interpreting paleoecological records. People directly impact land at the local scale and land use decisions are strongly influenced ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-20286-4
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::An increase in mechanical load in the heart causes cardiac hypertrophy, either physiologically (heart development, exercise and pregnancy) or pathologically (high blood pressure and heart-valve regurgitation). Understanding cardiac hypertrophy is critical to comprehending the mechanisms of heart development and treatm...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep20674
更新日期:2016-02-10 00:00:00
abstract::The combined regulation of a network of inhibitory and activating T cell receptors may be a critical step in the development of chronic HCV infection. Ex vivo HCV MHC class I + II tetramer staining and bead-enrichment was performed with baseline and longitudinal PBMC samples of a cohort of patients with acute, chronic...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-47024-8
更新日期:2019-07-23 00:00:00
abstract::Nucleic acid amplification tests have become a common method for diagnosis of STIs due to their improved sensitivity over immunoassays and traditional culture-based methods. Isothermal nucleic acid amplification methods offer significant advantages over polymerase chain reaction (PCR) because they do not require sophi...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep20487
更新日期:2016-02-03 00:00:00
abstract::To realize the economical production of ethanol and other bio-based chemicals from lignocellulosic biomass by consolidated bioprocessing (CBP), various cellulases from different sources were tested to improve the level of cellulase secretion in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae by screening an optimal translational f...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-04815-1
更新日期:2017-06-30 00:00:00
abstract::The ability to rapidly assess the efficacy of therapeutic strategies for incurable bone metastatic prostate cancer is an urgent need. Pre-clinical in vivo models are limited in their ability to define the temporal effects of therapies on simultaneous multicellular interactions in the cancer-bone microenvironment. Inte...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep29384
更新日期:2016-07-14 00:00:00
abstract::Tellurite (TeO32-) is a hazardous and toxic oxyanion for living organisms. However, several microorganisms can bioconvert TeO32- into the less toxic form of elemental tellurium (Te0). Here, Rhodococcus aetherivorans BCP1 resting (non-growing) cells showed the proficiency to produce tellurium-based nanoparticles (NPs) ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-22320-x
更新日期:2018-03-02 00:00:00
abstract::Enhancement of endogenous neurogenesis after ischemic stroke may improve functional recovery. We previously demonstrated that medium B, which is a combination with epidermal growth factor (EGF) and fibronectin, can promote neural stem/progenitor cell (NSPC) proliferation and migration. Here, we showed that medium B pr...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-63598-0
更新日期:2020-04-20 00:00:00
abstract::We propose a deep learning model - Probabilistic Prognostic Estimates of Survival in Metastatic Cancer Patients (PPES-Met) for estimating short-term life expectancy (>3 months) of the patients by analyzing free-text clinical notes in the electronic medical record, while maintaining the temporal visit sequence. In a si...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-27946-5
更新日期:2018-07-03 00:00:00
abstract::The structures, stabilities, and electronic properties of monolayer black phosphorus (M-BP) with different kinds of defects are investigated within the frame of density-functional theory. All the possible configurations of defects in M-BP are explored, and the calculated results suggest that the stabilities of the con...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep10848
更新日期:2015-06-02 00:00:00
abstract::H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) poses a huge threat to public health and the global economy. These viruses cause systemic infection in poultry and accidental human infection leads to severe pneumonia, associated with high mortality rates. The hemagglutinin (HA) of H5N1 HPAIV possesses multiple bas...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-74604-w
更新日期:2020-10-22 00:00:00
abstract::Fluorite-structured oxides find widespread use for applications spanning nuclear energy and waste containment, energy conversion, and sensing. In such applications the host tetravalent cation is often partially substituted by trivalent cations, with an associated formation of charge-compensating oxygen vacancies. The ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep38772
更新日期:2016-12-12 00:00:00