Abstract：
PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is frequently associated with obesity and overweight. It has a broad spectrum of clinical and histological presentations, such as steatosis, inflammation (known as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis or NASH), fibrosis, and cirrhosis. There is increasing evidence that marked weight loss following bariatric surgery is associated with NASH resolution; however, little is known about the mechanisms that may lead to this beneficial condition and if it is due to weight loss alone. In this review, the authors present the latest data regarding NASH resolution following metabolic surgery and try to answer the following questions: is NASH resolution due to weight loss alone or is it related to weight-independent effects similarly to T2D? In such case, can NASH be considered as a sole criterion for metabolic surgery? RECENT FINDINGS:Most data evaluating NAFLD and bariatric and metabolic surgery are derived from cohort studies. Available data are extremely variable, but in general show a dramatic regression of steatosis, inflammatory changes, and in some cases even fibrosis that is probably linked to major weight loss following surgery. There are no randomized controlled trials evaluating the effects of metabolic surgery over NASH vs. lifestyle modifications. To consider NASH a sole indication for metabolic surgery regardless of BMI, such studies are desperately needed and should be the primary focus of future research in metabolic surgery.
journal_name
Curr Atheroscler Repjournal_title
Current atherosclerosis reportsauthors
Caravatto PP,Cohen Rdoi
10.1007/s11883-017-0681-ysubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-10-07 00:00:00pages
45issue
11eissn
1523-3804issn
1534-6242pii
10.1007/s11883-017-0681-yjournal_volume
19pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Although the role of implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) and cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in improving outcomes in ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) has been described, the data regarding gender-based survival outcomes are limited. There is a higher preponderance of non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) i...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-015-0512-y
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most clinical trials on antioxidants using vitamin E or beta-carotene have failed to note any significant change in cardiovascular endpoints. The results of these studies have been interpreted as a setback for the oxidation hypothesis. An analysis of the hypothesis and the trials, however, points out major misconcepti...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-001-0077-9
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review summarizes the pathophysiology of calcific aortic valve stenosis (CAVS) and surveys relevant clinical data and basic research that explain how CAVS arises. RECENT FINDINGS:Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)], lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), oxidized phospholipids (OxPL), autotaxin, ...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-020-0821-7
更新日期：2020-01-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Managing dyslipidemia is an important part of the primary and secondary prevention of coronary heart disease. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol reduction remains the primary lipid goal. Patients who have experienced an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) are at very high risk of recurrent adverse cardiovascular events. A ...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11883-009-0024-8
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Outcomes from recent lipid-lowering trials have led to an update of the third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Adult Treatment Panel's guidelines for treatment of hypercholesterolemia in adults. The updated NCEP guidelines now offer an optional goal of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholester...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-006-0060-6
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inflammation lies at the base of endothelial dysfunction, eventually leading to plaque formation. The degree of inflammation defines the "vulnerability" of plaque to rupture. Numerous strategies have been adopted to identify and eventually treat high-risk vulnerable plaque. Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) (L...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-010-0095-6
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ability for statins to reduce major cardiovascular events and mortality has lead to this drug class being the most commonly prescribed in the world. In particular, the benefit of these drugs in type 2 diabetes (T2D) is well established. In February 2012, the Food and Drug Administration released changes to statin ...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-012-0299-z
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aggressive lipid lowering was initially controversial due to evidence from epidemiologic studies that implied an increase in total mortality with low cholesterol levels combined with equivocal results from early trials utilizing bile acid resins or fibric acid derivatives. The advent of statin therapy allowed signific...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-006-0053-5
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The High-Risk Plaque (HRP) Initiative is a research and development effort to advance the understanding, recognition, and management of asymptomatic individuals at risk for a near-term atherothrombotic event such as myocardial infarction or stroke. Clinical studies using the newest technologies have been initiated, in...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s11883-011-0193-0
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Numerous retrospective and prospective observational studies support an association between elevated homocysteine and increased risk for myocardial infarction, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease. Although folic acid therapy substantially reduces homocysteine levels, recent large, randomized controlled trials fail...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s11883-007-0048-x
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The use of recreational drugs has increased globally, with the most commonly used recreational drug being cannabis. As of 2019, 10 states and the District of Columbia have legalized cannabis for recreational use, with more states potentially joining this movement. With the increased legalization of ca...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-019-0783-9
更新日期：2019-04-12 00:00:00
abstract：:Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a significant etiologic cause of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) that leads to disabling deficits as well as significant morbidity and mortality in this population. Approximately 25 % of AIS is considered to be cryptogenic with no etiology ascertained at the time of the index event. Recent adva...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-015-0544-3
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With each passing year, the evidence linking an increased risk for coronary heart disease (CHD) death with a chronic dietary deficiency in long-chain omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids (FAs) grows stronger. Recently, a federally mandated evidence-based review in the United States concluded that n-3 FAs, especially eicosapentae...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-004-0085-7
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lipoprotein apheresis is an extracorporeal therapy whereby apo B-containing lipoproteins (LDL, vLDL, and Lp(a)) are selectively removed from the plasma of a patient. It is a variation of plasma exchange, which non-selectively removes all plasma proteins. Lipoprotein apheresis is most commonly used to treat patients wi...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-015-0516-7
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Atherosclerosis remains the major cause of morbidity and mortality in Western countries. Atherothrombotic complications, including vascular occlusions and severe narrowing of nutrient blood vessels in the cerebral, coronary, or peripheral circulation, usually require invasive revascularization strategies. As molecular...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-003-0022-1
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:ᅟ: Chronic total occlusions (CTOs) are an important and increasingly recognized subgroup of coronary lesions, documented in at least 30%, but up to 52% of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) undergoing coronary angiography. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of these lesions is increasingly pursued, with...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-018-0760-8
更新日期：2018-11-07 00:00:00
abstract：:We have developed, tested, and successfully implemented an affordable, evidence-based, comprehensive cardiovascular disease risk-reduction program for use in primary and secondary prevention settings. The program is administered at hospitals, physician practices, cardiac rehabilitation programs, work sites, shopping m...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-001-0040-9
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Atherothrombotic cardiovascular events are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). A number of factors beyond hyperglycemia contribute to this increased risk of cardiovascular events in T2D, including elevated blood pressure, dyslipidemia, inflammation, endothelial dysfunctio...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-014-0408-2
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors or "statin" medications are the most commonly prescribed therapy for lowering cholesterol. In use for over a decade, they have demonstrated both safety and tolerability across a broad range of patients. The ability to inhibit the biosynthesis of cholesterol an...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-005-0073-6
更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aspirin remains one of the most extensively studied cardiovascular medications in the history of medicine. However, despite multiple, well-designed, large randomized controlled trials evaluating the potential of aspirin to prevent cardiovascular events in individuals without known cardiovascular disease (CVD), the rol...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-015-0555-0
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since initial reports of its association with ischemic stroke appeared in 1988, there has been continued controversy regarding the existence and strength of the association between patent foramen ovale (PFO) and ischemic stroke. Many case-control studies have reported an association between incident cryptogenic ischem...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11883-010-0114-7
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A substantial body of epidemiologic data has shed light on the potential protective effects of the Mediterranean diet against atherosclerosis in humans. Many believe the reason the Mediterranean diet is atheroprotective is the elevated consumption of olive oil, an oil poor in saturated fatty acids (SFA) and highly enr...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11883-007-0066-8
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Raised plasma triglyceride (TG) levels are an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD), and thus understanding the genetic and environmental determinants of TG levels are of major importance. TG metabolism is a process for delivering free fatty acids for energy storage or b-oxidation, and involves a n...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-001-0061-4
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The thiazolidinediones, acting through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor chi (PPARchi), affect multiple areas of metabolism. Of increasing importance is the recognition that these agents affect lipoprotein metabolism and cause changes in serum lipid and lipoprotein levels. All three thiazolidinediones, includ...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-006-0037-5
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Despite the important progress in identifying high-risk atherosclerotic plaques, many key elements are elusive. Advanced imaging modalities provide valuable information about the anatomic and functional plaque characteristics and underscore the presence of multiple plaque morphologies. However, how th...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-016-0626-x
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is well-established and continues to be pursued as a therapeutic target in the treatment of heart failure, predominantly due to the success of agents that block RAAS in clinical trials of systolic heart failure. The optimal treatment of heart failure patients with preser...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-014-0403-7
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Apolipoprotein C-III (apoC-III) is known to inhibit lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and function as an important regulator of triglyceride metabolism. In addition, apoC-III has also more recently been identified as an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease. This review summarizes the mechanisms by ...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-019-0791-9
更新日期：2019-05-20 00:00:00
abstract：:Atherosclerosis is a complex disease associated with aberrant lipoprotein metabolism and leukocyte infiltration into arterial tissue that leads to cardiovascular diseases. Statins have emerged as among the most effective means of reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease in both primary and secondary prevention sett...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-012-0294-4
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Light to moderate alcohol intake is known to have cardioprotective properties; however, the magnitude of protection depends on other factors and may be confined to some subsets of the population. This review focuses on factors that modify the relationship between alcohol and coronary heart disease (CHD). The cardiopro...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-007-0007-6
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Effective prevention of the current annual $400 billion losses from atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD) will require preventing primary causes rather than just decreasing signs and symptoms (risk factors) produced by those causes. All CVD risk factors predict a likelihood of CVD, but not all are causes of...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-009-0042-6
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
