Abstract：
:Giardia is a worldwide spread protozoan parasite colonizing in small intestines of vertebrates, causing Giardiasis. The controversy about whether it is an extremely primitive eukaryote or just a highly evolved parasite has become a fetter to its uses as a model for both evolutionary and parasitological studies for years. Glycerophospholipid (GPL) synthesis is a conserved essential cellular process, and thus may retain some original features reflecting its evolutionary position, and this process should also have undergone parasitic adaptation to suit Giardia's dietary lipid-rich environment. Thus, GPL synthesis pathways may be a perfect object to examine the controversy over Giardia. Here, we first clarified Giardia's previously confusing GPL synthesis by re-identifying a reliable set of GPL synthesis genes/enzymes. Then using phylogenetic and comparative genomic analyses, we revealed that these pathways turn out to be evolutionarily primitive ones, but with many secondary parasitic adaptation 'patches' including gene loss, rapid evolution, product relocation, and horizontal gene transfer. Therefore, modern Giardia should be a mosaic of 'primary primitivity' and 'secondary parasitic adaptability', and to make a distinction between the two categories of features would restart the studies of eukaryotic evolution and parasitic adaptation using Giardia as a model system.
journal_name
Sci Repjournal_title
Scientific reportsauthors
Ye Q,Tian H,Chen B,Shao J,Qin Y,Wen Jdoi
10.1038/s41598-017-10054-1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-08-25 00:00:00pages
9507issue
1issn
2045-2322pii
10.1038/s41598-017-10054-1journal_volume
7pub_type
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