Abstract:
:The lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane is a selective impermeable barrier for the internalization of most macromolecules. Cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) could cross the plasma membrane barrier to deliver various molecules into cells and are considered as a promising tool to deliver macromolecular drugs. However, the exact cellular uptake mechanisms of CPPs are still ambiguous. It was reported that the exact cellular uptake pathway was determined by numerous factors such as the amino acid sequences (hydrophobicity and net charge), extracellular CPP concentration, cargoes' properties, cell type and the temperature. No matter what kind of mechanisms, the electrostatic interaction between the positive charged amino acids and the membrane with negatively charged glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), especially heparan sulphate proteoglycans (HSPGs), was supposed to be the first crucial step for CPPs uptake. The first recognition triggers cytoskeletal remodeling via activating Rho/Rac GTPases and kinase C, followed by the cell surface microdomains changing, ligand binding and cellular uptake. This review briefly discusses the classification, structure-activity relationships, cellular uptake mechanisms and biomedical applications of CPPs.
journal_name
Curr Protein Pept Scijournal_title
Current protein & peptide scienceauthors
Zhu P,Jin Ldoi
10.2174/1389203718666170710115240subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-01-01 00:00:00pages
211-220issue
2eissn
1389-2037issn
1875-5550pii
CPPS-EPUB-84625journal_volume
19pub_type
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journal_title:Current protein & peptide science
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138920307779941578
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abstract::Incidence of fungal infections has increased alarmingly in past few decades. Of the fungal pathogens, the Aspergillus fumigatus has been a major cause of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) which has five main stages--the acute, remission, exacerbation, glucocorticoid dependent and fibrotic stage. The diagn...
journal_title:Current protein & peptide science
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journal_title:Current protein & peptide science
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journal_title:Current protein & peptide science
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journal_title:Current protein & peptide science
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abstract::Protein-protein interaction (PPI) is necessary for most of the biological processes and requisite for host-pathogen communication. Most of the threatening human diseases are caused by different types of interactions of proteins with their prior infected proteins or with pathogen's proteins. Understanding of involved m...
journal_title:Current protein & peptide science
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journal_title:Current protein & peptide science
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journal_title:Current protein & peptide science
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journal_title:Current protein & peptide science
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更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current protein & peptide science
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journal_title:Current protein & peptide science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1389203720666190610161535
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The affinity tags are unique proteins/peptides that are attached at the N- or C-terminus of the recombinant proteins. These tags help in protein purification. Additionally, some affinity tags also serve a dual purpose as solubility enhancers for challenging protein targets. By applying a combinatorial approach, carefu...
journal_title:Current protein & peptide science
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To defend themselves from attack by pathogens, plants can rely only on their innate defense systems. Defensins are antimicrobial peptides that contribute to plant immunity by displaying a direct cidal activity against various pathogens, some of which are responsible for plant diseases. These determine a significant de...
journal_title:Current protein & peptide science
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更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Drug-Target Interactions (DTI) play a crucial role in discovering new drug candidates and finding new proteins to target for drug development. Although the number of detected DTI obtained by high-throughput techniques has been increasing, the number of known DTI is still limited. On the other hand, the exper...
journal_title:Current protein & peptide science
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更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Melittin, a major component of bee venom, is a water-soluble toxic peptide of which a various biological effects have been identified to be useful in anti-tumor therapy. In addition, Melittin also has anti-parasitic, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, and anti-inflammatory activities. Therefore, it is a very attractive thera...
journal_title:Current protein & peptide science
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1389203719666180612084615
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current protein & peptide science
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fbxo7/PARK15 has well-defined roles, acting as part of a Skp1-Cul1-F box protein (SCF)- type E3 ubiquitin ligase and also having SCF-independent activities. Mutations within FBXO7 have been found to cause an early-onset Parkinson's disease, and these are found within or near to its functional domains, including its F-...
journal_title:Current protein & peptide science
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tic, short for 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid, is a kind of unnatural α-amino acids. Due to its distinct geometrical conformation and biological activity, the structure of Tic, regarded as the surrogate of proline and the rigid analogue of phenylalanine or tyrosine, has been introduced into many comp...
journal_title:Current protein & peptide science
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journal_title:Current protein & peptide science
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abstract::Prediction of protein domain boundaries is an important step for the prediction of three-dimensional structure. The simple method PDP has been elaborated for prediction of the number and position of domain boundaries in multi-domain proteins by use of amino acid sequence alone. The method uses an optimized scale based...
journal_title:Current protein & peptide science
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journal_title:Current protein & peptide science
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更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current protein & peptide science
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abstract::Carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine) and its methylated derivatives: anserine (β-alanyl-Nπ- methyl-L-histidine) and balenine (β-alanyl-Nτ-methyl-L-histidine) are abundant constituents of excitable tissues of vertebrates. While carnosine and anserine are present at high concentrations and in variable proportions in skeleta...
journal_title:Current protein & peptide science
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更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The number of protein folds in nature is limited, thus is not surprising that proteins with the same fold are able to exert different functions. The cysteine protease inhibitors that adopt an immunoglobulin- like fold (Ig-ICPs) are inhibitors encoded in bacteria and protozoan parasites. Structural studies indicate tha...
journal_title:Current protein & peptide science
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abstract::The use of peptide or peptidomimetic transporters to enable or enhance the uptake of drugs or probe molecules into cells and tissues has received increasing research attention and clinical interest over the past 10 years. This review summarizes a class of transporters that have been studied and focuses on the variatio...
journal_title:Current protein & peptide science
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更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Efforts to use computers in predicting the secondary structure of proteins based only on primary structure information started over a quarter century ago [1-3]. Although the results were encouraging initially, the accuracy of the pioneering methods generally did not attain the level required for using predictions of s...
journal_title:Current protein & peptide science
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更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Knowledge of the existence and structure of intermediates on the reaction pathway is necessary before specific details of the mechanism may be successfully resolved. However, enzymatic catalysis is an extremely fast process. This rapidity of enzyme-catalyzed reactions and the short life times of intermediates represen...
journal_title:Current protein & peptide science
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更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The review presents three hypotheses concerning the amino acid complementarity: 1) the Mekler-Blalock antisense hypothesis; 2) the Root-Bernstein approach based on stereochemical complementarity of amino acids and anti-amino acids coded by anticodons read in parallel with the coding DNA strand; 3) Siemion hypothesis r...
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