Survey of functional activities of alpha-fetoprotein derived growth inhibitory peptides: review and prospects.

Abstract:

:Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), known largely as a growth-promoting agent, possesses a growth-inhibitory motif recently identified as an occult epitopic segment in the third domain. The present study reviews the multiple biological activities of this AFP-derived peptide segment termed the Growth Inhibitory Peptide (GIP), which is a 34-amino acid fragment taken directly from the full-length 590 amino acid molecule. The GIP segment has been chemically synthesized, purified, characterized, and subjected to a variety of bioassays. The GIP has a proven record of growth suppression in both fetal and tumor cells, but not in normal adult cells. Even though the mechanism of action has not been completely elucidated, GIP participates in various biological activities such as endocytosis, angiogenesis, and cytoskeleton-induced/cell shape changes. In this review, a survey of the functional roles of the GIP is presented which encompasses multiple organizational levels of GIP involvement, including the 1) organism, 2) organ, 3) tissue, 4) cell, 5) plasma membrane, 6) cytoplasm, and 7) the nucleus. At the cell membrane interface, the actions of GIP are discussed concerning cell aggregation, agglutination, adhesion, and migration in light of GIP serving as a possible decoy ligand and/or soluble receptor. Regarding cytosolic activities, GIP has been reported to inhibit various cytoplasmic enzyme activities, modulate apoptotic events, and regulate cytoplasmic signal transduction (MAP kinase) cascades. Concerning the nuclear compartment, GIP is capable of complexing with the estrogen receptor and binding estradiol, but does not affect estradiol-induced estrogen receptor transcription. In overview, efforts were made to review the multiple biological activities reported for GIP in order to prioritize likely physiological activities and present an updated consensus of functional roles for this AFP-derived peptide.

journal_name

Curr Protein Pept Sci

authors

Mizejewskia GJ,Butterstein G

doi

10.2174/138920306775474130

keywords:

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2006-02-01 00:00:00

pages

73-100

issue

1

eissn

1389-2037

issn

1875-5550

journal_volume

7

pub_type

杂志文章,评审
  • Activation, exposure and penetration of virally encoded, membrane-active polypeptides during non-enveloped virus entry.

    abstract::Host cell entry by influenza and other enveloped viruses is well characterized, however, the manner in which non-enveloped viruses deliver their genome across host cell membranes in the absence of membrane fusion remains unresolved. The discovery of short, membrane altering, amphipathic or hydrophobic sequences in sev...

    journal_title:Current protein & peptide science

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.2174/138920308783565732

    authors: Banerjee M,Johnson JE

    更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00

  • Angiotensin II: role in skeletal muscle atrophy.

    abstract::Skeletal muscle, the main protein reservoir in the body, is a tissue that exhibits high plasticity when exposed to changes. Muscle proteins can be mobilized into free amino acids when skeletal muscle wasting occurs, a process called skeletal muscle atrophy. This wasting is an important systemic or local manifestation ...

    journal_title:Current protein & peptide science

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.2174/138920312803582933

    authors: Cabello-Verrugio C,Córdova G,Salas JD

    更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00

  • Characterization of a Bacteriophage-Derived Murein Peptidase for Elimination of Antibiotic-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

    abstract::Staphylococcus aureus is a major cause of infection in humans and animals, causing a wide variety of diseases, from local inflammations to fatal sepsis. The bacterium is commonly multi-drug resistant and thus many front-line antibiotics have been rendered ineffective for treating such infections. Research on murein/pe...

    journal_title:Current protein & peptide science

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.2174/1389203716666151102105515

    authors: Keary R,Sanz-Gaitero M,van Raaij MJ,O'Mahony J,Fenton M,McAuliffe O,Hill C,Ross RP,Coffey A

    更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00

  • Allergic aspergillosis and the antigens of Aspergillus fumigatus.

    abstract::Incidence of fungal infections has increased alarmingly in past few decades. Of the fungal pathogens, the Aspergillus fumigatus has been a major cause of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) which has five main stages--the acute, remission, exacerbation, glucocorticoid dependent and fibrotic stage. The diagn...

    journal_title:Current protein & peptide science

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.2174/1389203715666140512120605

    authors: Singh B,Singh S,Asif AR,Oellerich M,Sharma GL

    更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00

  • Deubiquitinating enzymes are IN/(trinsic to proteasome function).

    abstract::Covalent conjugation of the ubiquitin tag to cellular proteins plays a central role in a number of processes, the most notable among them being degradation by the 26S proteasome. A fundamental property of this process is that ubiquitination, in contrast to subsequent degradation, is reversible due to a number of deubi...

    journal_title:Current protein & peptide science

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.2174/1389203043379756

    authors: Guterman A,Glickman MH

    更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00

  • Angiogenesis and Vascularization of Uterine Leiomyoma: Clinical Value of Pseudocapsule Containing Peptides and Neurotransmitters.

    abstract::Fibroids or myomas involve large proportion of women of reproductive age. The myoma formation starts from the transformation of the myometrium, causing the progressive formation of a pseudocapsule, which is made of compressed muscle fibers. Numerous studies investigated on myoma pseudocapsule anatomy, discovering many...

    journal_title:Current protein & peptide science

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2174/1389203717666160322150338

    authors: Tinelli A,Mynbaev OA,Sparic R,Vergara D,Di Tommaso S,Salzet M,Maffia M,Malvasi A

    更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00

  • Progress in Research on Brain Development and Function of Mice During Weaning.

    abstract::Lactation is a critical phase for brain function development. New dietary experiences of mouse caused by weaning can regulate brain development and function, increase their response to food and environment, and eventually give rise to corresponding behavioral changes. Changes in weaning time induce the alteration of b...

    journal_title:Current protein & peptide science

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.2174/1389203720666190125095819

    authors: Zhang W,Zhang Y,Zheng Y,Zheng M,Sun N,Yang X,Gao Y

    更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00

  • The problem of amino acid complementarity and antisense peptides.

    abstract::The review presents three hypotheses concerning the amino acid complementarity: 1) the Mekler-Blalock antisense hypothesis; 2) the Root-Bernstein approach based on stereochemical complementarity of amino acids and anti-amino acids coded by anticodons read in parallel with the coding DNA strand; 3) Siemion hypothesis r...

    journal_title:Current protein & peptide science

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.2174/1389203043379413

    authors: Siemion IZ,Cebrat M,Kluczyk A

    更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00

  • The archaeal Sac10b protein family: conserved proteins with divergent functions.

    abstract::Here we review the present state of structural and functional studies of the Sac10b protein family, a class of highly conserved 10 kDa nucleic acid-binding proteins in archaea. Based on biochemical and structural studies, these proteins were originally assigned a role in the structural organization of chromatin; Sac10...

    journal_title:Current protein & peptide science

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.2174/138920312800785067

    authors: Xuan J,Feng Y

    更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00

  • Cardioprotective peptides from marine sources.

    abstract::Elevated blood pressure or hypertension is one of the fastest growing health problems worldwide. Although the etiology of essential hypertension has a genetic component, dietary factors play an important role. With the high costs and adverse side-effects associated with synthetic antihypertensive drugs and the awarene...

    journal_title:Current protein & peptide science

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.2174/13892037113149990036

    authors: Harnedy PA,FitzGerald RJ

    更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00

  • Predicting the melting point of human C-type lysozyme mutants.

    abstract::A complete understanding of the relationships between protein structure and stability remains an open problem. Much of our insight comes from laborious experimental analyses that perturb structure via directed mutation. The glycolytic enzyme lysozyme is among the most well characterized proteins under this paradigm, d...

    journal_title:Current protein & peptide science

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2174/138920310794109210

    authors: Verma D,Jacobs DJ,Livesay DR

    更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00

  • Protein-protein Interactions and their Role in Various Diseases and their Prediction Techniques.

    abstract::Protein-protein interaction (PPI) is necessary for most of the biological processes and requisite for host-pathogen communication. Most of the threatening human diseases are caused by different types of interactions of proteins with their prior infected proteins or with pathogen's proteins. Understanding of involved m...

    journal_title:Current protein & peptide science

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.2174/1389203718666170828122927

    authors: Rabbani G,Baig MH,Ahmad K,Choi I

    更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00

  • Enterococcal cytolysin: a novel two component peptide system that serves as a bacterial defense against eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.

    abstract::The cytolysin is a novel, two-peptide lytic toxin produced by some strains of Enterococcus faecalis. It is toxic in animal models of enterococcal infection, and associated with acutely terminal outcome in human infection. The cytolysin exerts activity against a broad spectrum of cell types including a wide range of gr...

    journal_title:Current protein & peptide science

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.2174/1389203053027557

    authors: Cox CR,Coburn PS,Gilmore MS

    更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00

  • Interaction of flavonoids with serum albumin: A review.

    abstract::Flavonoids are plant products abundant in every day diet and claimed to be beneficial for human health. After absorption, flavonoids are transported by the serum albumin (SA), the most abundant carrier blood protein, through formation of flavonoids-SA complex. This review deals with the current state of knowledge on f...

    journal_title:Current protein & peptide science

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2174/1389203721666201109112220

    authors: Xue P,Zhang G,Zhang J,Ren L

    更新日期:2020-11-08 00:00:00

  • The roles of the PDZ-containing proteins bridge-1 and PDZD2 in the regulation of insulin production and pancreatic beta-cell mass.

    abstract::PDZ domains are versatile protein interaction modules with the ability to dimerize and to recognize internal and carboxy-terminal peptide motifs. Their function in mediating the formation of multi-molecular signaling complexes is best understood at neuronal and epithelial membranes. In a screen for interactors that re...

    journal_title:Current protein & peptide science

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.2174/138920309787315248

    authors: Thomas MK,Tsang SW,Yeung ML,Leung PS,Yao KM

    更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00

  • Cell Cycle Arrest as a Therapeutic Target of Acute Kidney Injury.

    abstract::The current lack of complete understanding of the pathogenesis of acute kidney injury (AKI) is a significant barrier to its early diagnosis and treatment. Cell cycle arrest plays an important role in the protection of renal tubular epithelial cells and maladaptive repair following AKI. G1 phase cell arrest serves as a...

    journal_title:Current protein & peptide science

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.2174/1389203717666160915162238

    authors: Wang WG,Sun WX,Gao BS,Lian X,Zhou HL

    更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00

  • Cysteine Proteases Inhibitors with Immunoglobulin-Like Fold in Protozoan Parasites and their Role in Pathogenesis.

    abstract::The number of protein folds in nature is limited, thus is not surprising that proteins with the same fold are able to exert different functions. The cysteine protease inhibitors that adopt an immunoglobulin- like fold (Ig-ICPs) are inhibitors encoded in bacteria and protozoan parasites. Structural studies indicate tha...

    journal_title:Current protein & peptide science

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.2174/1389203717666160813163837

    authors: Jimenez-Sandoval P,Lopez-Castillo LM,Trasviña-Arenas CH,Brieba LG

    更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00

  • Mapping of the active site of proteases in the 1960s and rational design of inhibitors/drugs in the 1990s.

    abstract::For several decades the specificity of proteases has been presented as an active site divided into subsites, using the nomenclature of Schechter & Berger from 1967 (S1, S2... for subsites of the active site; P1, P2... for residues of the substrate occupying the corresponding subsites). At early stages of the research ...

    journal_title:Current protein & peptide science

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.2174/138920305774933286

    authors: Schechter I

    更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00

  • A review of defensins of diverse origins.

    abstract::Defensins are a family of peptides with potent antimicrobial activity. They are found in various organisms. The intent of this article is to review the structures and mechanisms of antimicrobial actions of defensins produced by different organisms including humans, other mammals, birds, reptiles, fish, mollusks, arthr...

    journal_title:Current protein & peptide science

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.2174/138920307782411446

    authors: Wong JH,Xia L,Ng TB

    更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00

  • Mechanistic parallels in bacterial and human multidrug efflux transporters.

    abstract::Bacteria carry a battery of multidrug transporters, which belong to six families of transporters. Members of at least three families the ATP-Binding Cassette superfamily, the Major Facilitator Superfamily and the Multidrug Endosomal Transporter family have been shown to contribute to multidrug resistance phenotype in ...

    journal_title:Current protein & peptide science

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.2174/1389203023380512

    authors: Zgurskaya HI,Nikaido H

    更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00

  • Are Proteins Just Coiled Cords? Local and Global Analysis of Contact Maps Reveals the Backbone-Dependent Nature of Proteins.

    abstract::In this work, we present an extensive analysis of protein contact network topology applied to a wide data set. We extended the concept of degree distribution to graphlets, describing local connectivity patterns. We compared results to those derived from artificial networks of the same size (number of nodes), reproduci...

    journal_title:Current protein & peptide science

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2174/138920371701151130203441

    authors: Santoni D,Paci P,Di Paola L,Giuliani A

    更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00

  • Structural heterogeneity and multifunctionality of lactoferrin.

    abstract::Lactoferrin or lactotransferrin is a multifunctional glycoprotein found in blood circulation, mucosal surfaces, neutrophils, and in various secretory fluids, such as milk, bile, tears, nasal secretion, pancreatic juice, and saliva. The lactoferrin content in milk varies between different mammalian species and, within ...

    journal_title:Current protein & peptide science

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.2174/1389203715666140919124530

    authors: Albar AH,Almehdar HA,Uversky VN,Redwan EM

    更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00

  • Techniques for plant defensin production.

    abstract::To defend themselves from attack by pathogens, plants can rely only on their innate defense systems. Defensins are antimicrobial peptides that contribute to plant immunity by displaying a direct cidal activity against various pathogens, some of which are responsible for plant diseases. These determine a significant de...

    journal_title:Current protein & peptide science

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.2174/138920310791112101

    authors: Padovan L,Crovella S,Tossi A,Segat L

    更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00

  • The retinal cGMP phosphodiesterase gamma-subunit - a chameleon.

    abstract::Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) represent an emerging class of proteins (or domains) that are characterized by a lack of ordered secondary and tertiary structure. This group of proteins has recently attracted tremendous interest primarily because of a unique feature: they can bind to different targets due to ...

    journal_title:Current protein & peptide science

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.2174/138920308786733930

    authors: Guo LW,Ruoho AE

    更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00

  • Direct and indirect antimicrobial activities of neuropeptides and their therapeutic potential.

    abstract::As global resistance to conventional antibiotics rises we need to develop new strategies to develop future novel therapeutics. In our quest to design novel anti-infectives and antimicrobials it is of interest to investigate host-pathogen interactions and learn from the complexity of host defense strategies that have e...

    journal_title:Current protein & peptide science

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.2174/138920312804871139

    authors: Augustyniak D,Nowak J,Lundy FT

    更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00

  • Highly Disordered Proteins in Prostate Cancer.

    abstract::Prostate cancer is one of the major threats to the man's health. There are several mechanisms of the prostate cancer development characterized by the involvement of various androgen-related and androgen-unrelated factors in prostate cancer pathogenesis and in the metastatic carcinogenesis of prostate. In all these pro...

    journal_title:Current protein & peptide science

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.2174/1389203717666161028145848

    authors: Uversky VN,Na I,Landau KS,Schenck RO

    更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00

  • Natural Products Targeting EGFR Signaling Pathways as Potential Anticancer Drugs.

    abstract::The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) belongs to ErbB family of tyrosine kinases, which plays an important role in the regulation of cell proliferation, survival, differentiation, and metastasis. In addition, tumors develop resistance to EGFR inhibitors due to the presence or development of point mutations in th...

    journal_title:Current protein & peptide science

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.2174/1389203718666170106104211

    authors: Wang X,Xu L,Lao Y,Zhang H,Xu H

    更新日期:2018-02-13 00:00:00

  • Structural biology, protein conformations and drug designing.

    abstract::Structure based drug designing is now a popular technique used for increasing the speed of drug designing process. This was made possible by the availability of many protein structures which helped in developing tools to understand the structure function relationships, automated docking and virtual screening. Knowledg...

    journal_title:Current protein & peptide science

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.2174/138920307781369454

    authors: Kishan KV

    更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00

  • Discovery of new therapeutic targets by the informational spectrum method.

    abstract::The field of bioinformatics has become a major part of the drug discovery pipeline playing a key role in improvement and acceleration of this time and money consuming process. Here we review the application of the informational spectrum method (ISM), a virtual spectroscopy method for structure/function analysis of pro...

    journal_title:Current protein & peptide science

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.2174/138920308785915245

    authors: Veljkovic N,Glisic S,Prljic J,Perovic V,Botta M,Veljkovic V

    更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00

  • The role of structural flexibility and stability in the interaction of serine proteases with their inhibitors.

    abstract::Serine proteases and their natural inhibitors have long been served as excellent models for studying (primary, secondary and tertiary) structure - activity relationships of biologically interacting proteins. As protein flexibility has been accepted as a "fourth dimension" of the protein structure, its contribution to ...

    journal_title:Current protein & peptide science

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.2174/1389203716666150429123733

    authors: Gráf L,Molnár T,Kardos J,Gáspári Z,Katona G

    更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00