Neurochemical studies of the nucleus of the solitary tract, dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus and the hypoglossal nucleus in rat: topographical distribution of glutamate uptake, GABA uptake and glutamic acid decarboxylase activity.

abstract：:Extracellular recordings were obtained in anaesthetized rats from single neurons located in various structures around the rostral end of the third ventricle, known to harbour integrative neurons sensing deficiencies in and originating corrective responses for water-electrolyte balance. Once arginine vasopressin (AVP) ...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Jeulin AC,Nicolaidis S

更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study tested for the presence of androgen receptor-immunoreactivity in somatostatin, galanin, vasopressin, corticotropin-releasing hormone, and oxytocin neurons in the rat forebrain. The brains of adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde. Androgen receptor was visualized in coronal secti...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Bingaman EW,Baeckman LM,Yracheta JM,Handa RJ,Gray TS

更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prior results (37) showed that morphine pretreatment reduces the escape response of the crab Chasmagnathus to a shadow passing overhead and prevents the acquisition of a long-term habituation. These results were explained by a reduction in the danger signalled by the stimulus, and to test this hypothesis methods other...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Tomsic D,Maldonado H,Rakitin A

更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sleep EEG in the sigma and delta frequency bands was subjected to spectral analysis in 8 normal young adults. In each subject, power density of sigma and delta oscillated reciprocally during NREM sleep, confirming an observation made initially with period/amplitude analysis. In REM sleep, power density for both freque...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Uchida S,Maloney T,March JD,Azari R,Feinberg I

更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rats self-administered cocaine or received saline during 3 daily 5 h sessions and were euthanized 1 h after the final session. Quantitative in situ hybridization revealed that cocaine self-administration increased levels of preprodynorphin, but not preproenkephalin, c-fos, or zif/268 mRNAs in a patchy pattern in the d...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Daunais JB,Roberts DC,McGinty JF

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An increasing number of studies suggest that nicotine/tobacco addiction is modulated by ovarian hormones. The levels of estrogen and progesterone appear to be important in the success of quit attempts and smoking cessation. In women smokers with the diagnosis or risk of breast cancer, the estrogen receptor modulator t...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Yararbas G,Pogun S

更新日期：2011-04-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Cytochrome P450 2D (CYP2D) mediates the activation and inactivation of several classes of psychoactive drugs, including opioids, which can alter drug response. Tramadol is a synthetic opioid with analgesic activity of its own as well as being metabolically activated by CYP2D to O-desmethyltramadol (ODMST) an opioid re...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： McMillan DM,El-Sherbeni AA,Richards J,Tyndale RF

更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ocular enucleation induces profound morphological alterations in central visual areas. However, little is known about the response of glial cells and possible inflammatory processes in visual brain areas resulting from eye enucleation. In this study, immunoblotting and immunostaining assays revealed increased expressi...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Hernandes MS,Britto LR

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Medial preoptic axons were traced into the diagonal band of Broca and septum, particularly lateral septum. Other labeled fibers could be followed dorsally from medial preoptic area injections adjacent to the stria medullaris, and in the periventricular fiber system and the stria terminalis and its bed nucleus. The ant...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Anderson CH,Shen CL

更新日期：1980-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We previously showed that inhibition of brain NO production suppresses sleep in rats and rabbits. In the present experiments we studied the effects of stimulation of NO-receptive brain mechanisms on sleep. Male rats were injected intra-cerebroventricularly with the NO donor S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP, 400 m...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Kapás L,Krueger JM

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Parkinson's-diseased (PD) brains have been reported to contain increased quantities of iron within the zona compacta of the substantia nigra (SN). To test whether excess iron in the SN could cause a PD-like loss of dopaminergic neurons, various concentrations of iron were infused unilaterally within the SN of adult ma...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Sengstock GJ,Olanow CW,Dunn AJ,Arendash GW

更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glutamate afferents reaching the ventral tegmental area (VTA) affect dopamine (DA) cells in this structure probably mainly via NMDA receptors. VTA appears to be one of the structures involved in regulation of hippocampal theta rhythm, and this work aimed at assessing the role of glutamatergic activation of the VTA in ...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Matulewicz P,Orzeł-Gryglewska J,Kuśmierczak M,Jurkowlaniec E

更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Songbirds have emerged as extremely important animals for investigating sex steroid hormone effects on the central nervous system. The masculinizing effects of exogenous estrogen on the neural circuits controlling song in female zebra finches are well documented. There is evidence that estrogens are necessary for the ...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Schlinger BA

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since the second decade of this century it has been known that opiates can influence ingestive behaviors. Generally, opioid agents enhance feeding and opioid antagonists decrease feeding. The present paper reviews the responsiveness of different animal species to opiates in relation to ingestive behaviors, the opioid ...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Levine AS,Morley JE,Gosnell BA,Billington CJ,Bartness TJ

更新日期：1985-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Stimulation of the dorsal frontal cortex (area 10, FCtx) evoked two negative waves with short latencies (N1 and N2) followed by a large, longlasting positive wave (P) in the ventromedial nucleus (VMH) as well as in the more dorsal structures in the hypothalamus and the ventral thalamus. Since the N1 followed high freq...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Ohta M,Oomura Y

更新日期：1979-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several studies have demonstrated alterations in the dopamine (DA) system after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Additionally, the existence of significant sex-related differences in the dopaminergic system has long been recognized. Accordingly, the purpose of the present study was to investigate whether TBI would differ...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Xu X,Cao S,Chao H,Liu Y,Ji J

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Some C57Bl/6 mice become obese, whereas others remain lean when raised on a high-fat diet. The mechanisms underlying this interindividual susceptibility to diet-induced obesity remain unknown. Because hypothalamus plays a major role in the regulation of body weight, this study was conducted to identify the differences...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Xin X,Storlien LH,Huang XF

更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Somatosensory input to 431 neurons in MsI has been studied in unanesthetized, paralyzed raccoons (Procyon lotor). The type of sensory input to neurons in lateral sigmoid gyrus (cytoarchitectonic area 4) and in posterior sigmoid gyrus (areas 4 and 3a) was not significantly different. Of these neurons, 36% were activate...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Gugino LD,Rowinski MJ,Stoney SD Jr

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fetal ventromedial hypothalamic (VMH) tissue was transplanted into or around the third ventricle of adult Fischer 344 rats to determine if transplanted VMH tissue could reverse the hyperphagia and obesity produced by bilateral VMH electrolytic lesions. Host VMH-lesioned rats received stereotaxic implants of 13 to 19 p...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Ono K,Kawamura K,Shimizu N,Ito C,Plata-Salamán CR,Ogawa N,Oomura Y

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The firing rate of the nerves innervating interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT), IBAT and colonic temperatures (TIBAT and Tc), heart rate, and oxygen (O2) consumption were monitored in urethane-anesthetized male Sprague-Dawley rats. These variables were measured for 40 min before (baseline values) and 40 min after...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Monda M,Amaro S,Sullo A,De Luca B

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Methylphenidate (MPD) is a widely prescribed psychostimulants used for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD). Unlike the psychostimulants cocaine and amphetamine, MPD does not exhibit direct actions on the serotonin transporter, however there is evidence suggesting that the therapeutic effects...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Kharas N,Whitt H,Reyes-Vasquez C,Dafny N

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Degenerating terminals were mapped by the Fink-Heimer method after lateral or fourth ventricular administration of 6-hydroxydopamine (60OHDA). This method marks dopaminergic terminals and has the advantage that noradrenergic terminals are not stained. Fink-Heimer stained degeneratig terminals were seen bilaterally in ...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Hedreen J

更新日期：1980-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The anticonvulsant drug Diazepam (DIA-2 mg/kg b. wt), the nitric oxide (NO) donor L-Arginine (L-Arg-2000 mg/kg b. wt) and the putative nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor N(G)-Nitro-L-Arginine methyl ester (L-NAME-50 mg/kg b. wt) were used to determine the role of endogenous NO on convulsions induced by picrotoxin (...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Jayakumar AR,Sujatha R,Paul V,Puviarasan K,Jayakumar R

更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Depression is a brain disorder and there is still only a partial understanding of its underlying pathophysiology. Antidepressant medications with a fast onset have not yet been developed. In addition to the monoaminergic systems, the brain glutaminergic system has been implicated in the etiology of depression. Animal ...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Kovačević T,Skelin I,Minuzzi L,Rosa-Neto P,Diksic M

更新日期：2012-03-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Microinjection of galanin into the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus has been reported to predominantly increase dietary fat consumption during the light or late dark periods. However, there have been no studies of the macronutrient-specific effects of galanin administered into the amygdala (AMY). We u...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Smith BK,York DA,Bray GA

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of unilateral and bilateral electrolytic lesions of the dorsal raphe nuclei (DRN) of 30-day-old rats, on the spontaneous and induced ovulation, were analyzed. The bilateral lesion and the lesion on the right side of the DRN delayed the age of first vaginal estrous. None of the animals with bilateral lesion...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Ayala ME,Rosas P,Dominguez R

更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Autophagy is the lysosome-mediated bulk degradation of cellular components for material recycling to maintain cellular homeostasis. Autophagy was initially regarded as a nonselective process, however, recent evidence indicates that this process can in fact be highly selective, especially for targeting and degrading or...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Wu MY,Song JX,Wang SF,Cai CZ,Li M,Lu JH

更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuronal cell bodies in the medial terminal nucleus of the accessory optic system (MTN) were labeled with WGA-HRP which was injected ipsilaterally into the occipital cortex in the rat. We suggest that the label was first transported anterogradely to the pretectal nucleus of the optic tract, then moved transneuronally ...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Takada M,Li ZK,Hattori T

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A combination of immunocytochemical, electrophysiological and pharmacological techniques were employed to study the properties of neurons within the supramammillary (SUM) complex of the rat. The SUM region contains a small, but dense, population of tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive neurons. Following injection of th...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Shepard PD,Mihailoff GA,German DC

更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The assumption was made that investigatory behaviors (i.e., ano-genital and general body sniffing) of a female conspecific by a mature male rat, has positive hedonic characteristics. Because reduced interest in pleasurable events (i.e., anhedonia) is diagnostically related to depressive behavior, the hypothesis was ad...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Paré WP

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00