Abstract:
:Psilocybin and psilocin are controlled substances in many countries. These are the two main hallucinogenic compounds of the "magic mushrooms" and both act as agonists or partial agonists at 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)2A subtype receptors. During the last few years, psilocybin and psilocin have gained therapeutic relevance but considerable physiological variability between individuals that can influence dose-response and toxicological profile has been reported. This review aims to discuss metabolism of psilocybin and psilocin, by presenting all major and minor psychoactive metabolites. Psilocybin is primarily a pro-drug that is dephosphorylated by alkaline phosphatase to active metabolite psilocin. This last is then further metabolized, psilocin-O-glucuronide being the main urinary metabolite with clinical and forensic relevance in diagnosis.
journal_name
Drug Metab Revjournal_title
Drug metabolism reviewsauthors
Dinis-Oliveira RJdoi
10.1080/03602532.2016.1278228subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-02-01 00:00:00pages
84-91issue
1eissn
0360-2532issn
1097-9883journal_volume
49pub_type
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