Abstract:
:Cognitive dysfunction in depression is associated with poorer clinical outcomes and impaired psychosocial functioning. However, most treatments for depression do not specifically target cognition. Neurocognitive deficits such as memory and concentration problems tend to persist after mood symptoms recover. Improving cognition in depression requires a better understanding of brain systems implicated in depression. A comprehensive approach is warranted for refined methods of assessing and treating cognitive dysfunction in depression.
journal_name
Psychol Medjournal_title
Psychological medicineauthors
Kaser M,Zaman R,Sahakian BJdoi
10.1017/S0033291716003123subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-04-01 00:00:00pages
987-989issue
6eissn
0033-2917issn
1469-8978pii
S0033291716003123journal_volume
47pub_type
社论abstract::Seventy eight men were assessed one month before coronary artery bypass graft surgery using standardized measures of psychiatric morbidity and personality as well as a measure of emotional expression (the CECS). All patients had at least one coronary vessel occluded by 75% or more of its diameter, and functional capac...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700025939
更新日期:1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Identifying prodromal features that predate the onset of bipolar disorder (BD) may enable the prevention of BD and aid early intervention. This review addresses two key questions: Is there a bipolar prodrome? And, if there is, what are its characteristic features? METHOD:A comprehensive search of databases ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/S0033291710001790
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To our knowledge, there are no universal screening tools for substance dependence that (1) were developed using a population-based sample, (2) estimate total risk briefly and inexpensively by incorporating a relatively small number of well-established risk factors, and (3) aggregate risk factors using a simp...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291715002482
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prevalence of culture-bound syndromes such as eating disorders in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe is unclear and comparative epidemiological studies are lacking. Before the political changes in 1989 we therefore investigated eating disorders, eating attitudes and psychological health in two Eastern Eur...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700037521
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cigarette smoking is associated with worse cognition and decreased cortical volume and thickness in healthy cohorts. Chronic cigarette smoking is prevalent in schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD), but the effects of smoking status on the brain and cognition in SSD are not clear. This study aimed to underst...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291720005152
更新日期:2021-01-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Structural models of emotional disorders propose that anxiety disorders can be classified into fear and distress disorders. Sources of evidence for this distinction come from genetic, self-report and neurophysiological data from adults. The present study examined whether this distinction relates to cognitive...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291713000779
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A sample of over 6000 women was recruited in the last trimester of pregnancy and administered a 40-item self-report questionnaire designed to detect the presence of factors that were likely to increase the risk of postpartum depression. The mental state of almost 5000 of these women was determined at around 6 to 8 wee...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700035698
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Neuroticism has been shown to increase the risk of depression whereas extraversion is associated with a reduction of risk. These personality traits play a central role in aetiological theories of affective disorder but their role in schizophrenia is unclear. In this study, the risk for schizophrenia associat...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291701004044
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Self-harm among young adults is a common and increasing phenomenon in many parts of the world. The long-term prognosis after self-harm at young age is inadequately known. We aimed to estimate the risk of mental illness and suicide in adult life after self-harm in young adulthood and to identify prognostic fa...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291716002282
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although many studies have addressed the topic of stability versus change in depressive symptoms, few have further decomposed the change to continuous accumulation versus non-systematic state fluctuations or measurement errors. This further step requires a longitudinal follow-up and an appropriate stochastic...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291712002000
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There have been conflicting reports on time trends in urban-rural differences in the incidence of schizophrenia. This study explored the potential time trends in these differences with regard to birth cohort and age at onset. METHOD:Linking data from the Danish Civil Registration system with data from the D...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S003329170500663X
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Individual-level measures of acculturation (e.g. age of immigration) have a complex relationship with psychiatric disorders. Fine-grained analyses that tap various acculturation dimensions and population subgroups are needed to generate hypotheses regarding the mechanisms of action for the association betwee...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291716000763
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Despite markedly different clinical presentations, few studies have reported differences in neuropsychological functioning between mania and depression. Recent work has suggested that differences may emerge on cognitive tasks requiring affective processing, such as decision-making. The present study sought t...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291701003804
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bullying victimization is a topic of concern for youths, parents, school staff and mental health practitioners. Children and adolescents who are victimized by bullies show signs of distress and adjustment problems. However, it is not clear whether bullying is the source of these difficulties. This paper reviews empiri...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/S0033291709991383
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Increases in plasma noradrenaline were found in a group of 12 subjects smoking cigarettes. The associated rises in pulse rate, blood pressure and plasma free fatty acids could be prevented by beta-blockade with oxprenolol. This inhibition of the peripheral effects of catecholamines did not affect subjective satisfacti...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700013799
更新日期:1976-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper analyses patterns of episodes of anxiety and depression as recorded by 22 general practices which took part in the Second National Morbidity Survey (RCGP, 1980). The data comprise 6 years' records. Simple Markov chains are fitted to each age-group of men and women, and the inter-practice variation in the re...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700051643
更新日期:1983-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The neurodevelopmental model of psychosis was established over 30 years ago; however, the developmental influence on psychotic symptom expression - how age affects clinical presentation in first-episode psychosis - has not been thoroughly investigated. METHODS:Using generalized additive modeling, which allo...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291720003463
更新日期:2020-10-06 00:00:00
abstract::This study aimed to investigate the psychological characteristics of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS: Holmes et al. 1988). A battery of psychometric instruments comprising the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and the Lazarus W...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700020456
更新日期:1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Aggressive behaviour is increased among those with schizophrenia but less is known about those with affective psychoses. Similarly, little is known about aggressive behaviour occurring at the onset of illness. METHOD:The main reasons for presentation to services were examined among those recruited to a UK-b...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291706008920
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Maternal depressive symptoms (MDSs) are negatively associated with children's academic performance, with stronger effects sometimes reported in boys. However, few studies have tested the mechanisms of this association. We examined the mediating role of school engagement and peer victimization in this associa...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291720004298
更新日期:2020-12-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Neuroanatomical abnormalities in first-episode psychosis (FEP) tend to be subtle and widespread. The vast majority of previous studies have used small samples, and therefore may have been underpowered. In addition, most studies have examined participants at a single research site, and therefore the results m...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291719003568
更新日期:2019-12-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Most evidence in the UK on the effectiveness of brief therapy for depression concerns cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT). In a trial published in 2000, we showed that non-directive counselling and CBT were equally effective in general practice for patients with depression and mixed anxiety and depression. Our...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1017/S0033291713002377
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Dissociative reactions in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have been regarded as strategic responses that limit arousal. Neuroimaging studies suggest distinct prefrontal responses in individuals displaying dissociative and hyperarousal responses to threat in PTSD. Increased prefrontal activity may refle...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291708002742
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity, an enzyme potentially involved in the major depressive episodes (MDE), could be indirectly measured by the L-Citrulline/L-Arginine ratio (L-Cit/L-Arg). The aim of this study was: (1) to compare the NOS activity of patients with a MDE to that of healthy controls (HC); (2)...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291720001749
更新日期:2020-06-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Most studies underline the contribution of heritable factors for psychiatric disorders. However, heritability estimates depend on the population under study, diagnostic instruments, and study designs that each has its inherent assumptions, strengths, and biases. We aim to test the homogeneity in heritability...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291718002039
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Anxiety disorders are very common and increase risk for suicide attempts. Little is known about predictors of increased risk specifically among individuals with anxiety disorders. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether specific anxiety disorders and other co-morbid psychiatric disorders, physic...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291712002504
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Eating Attitudes Test (EAT) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) have been validated in an unselected population of 15-year-old South London schoolgirls. Scores on the questionnaires were compared with the results of standard interview. The EAT was found to be an efficient screening instrument for abnormal eatin...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700047991
更新日期:1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A previous study of women 9 months after discharge from in-patient treatment for depression found that low self-esteem as measured by a self-report questionnaire at admission was associated with a worse prognosis. This study investigates the womens' outcome more than 4 years after discharge and the continued...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291799002986
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Data are presented from a study of acculturation and psychiatric disorder in 291 Greek Cypriot immigrants from the general population of Camberwell, south London. We hypothesized that 'pre-acculturation' would protect against mental disorder, that difficulties in the period immediately after migration would increase t...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700036631
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Neurocognitive functioning may be impaired in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle due to associated changes in hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis function. This study examines the relationship between changes in neurocognition and HPA axis function in different phases of the menstrual cycle. METH...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1017/s0033291703008535
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00