The impact of smoking status on cognition and brain morphology in schizophrenia spectrum disorders.

abstract：:The authors review the evidence that parental death in childhood predisposes to depressive disorders in later life. The findings in general are quite inconsistent; this is due in part to the methodological limitations of most studies, principally that of inadequate control of potentially confounding variables. Where e...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Tennant C,Bebbington P,Hurry J

更新日期：1980-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although depression and mania are often assumed to be polar opposites, studies have shown that, in patients with bipolar disorder, they are weakly positively correlated and vary somewhat independently over time. Thus, when investigating relationships between specific psychological processes and specific symp...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Pavlickova H,Varese F,Turnbull O,Scott J,Morriss R,Kinderman P,Paykel E,Bentall RP

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Decreased white matter (WM) integrity in patients with psychotic disorder has been a consistent finding in diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies. However, the contribution of environmental risk factors to these WM alterations is rarely investigated. The current study examines whether individuals with (incre...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Domen P,Michielse S,Peeters S,Viechtbauer W,van Os J,Marcelis M,for Genetic Risk and Outcome of Psychosis (G.R.O.U.P.).

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Sternberg's Memory Scanning Test (MST) is a useful paradigm for evaluating the speed and efficiency of information processing in working memory. Unfortunately, the classical MST has major drawbacks for use in applied settings such as the clinic. For example, its administration time is long and the test is to...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Van Der Elst W,Van Boxtel MP,Van Breukelen GJ,Jolles J

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The attenuated positive symptoms syndrome (APSS) is considered an at-risk indicator for psychosis. However, the characteristics and developmental aspects of the combined or enriched risk criteria of APSS and basic symptom (BS) criteria, including self-experienced cognitive disturbances (COGDIS) remain under-...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Gerstenberg M,Theodoridou A,Traber-Walker N,Franscini M,Wotruba D,Metzler S,Müller M,Dvorsky D,Correll CU,Walitza S,Rössler W,Heekeren K

更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The tests that have been used to assess glomerular and tubular function in patients receiving treatment with lithium have been reviewed. The advantages and disadvantages of these are discussed. The most useful tests are the creatinine clearance, which may be predicted from the serum creatinine using a formula or nomog...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Waller DG,Edwards JG

更新日期：1985-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The relationship between psychological and biological processes is examined. Criteria for the distinction between reasons and causes are described. These provide a basis for a separation of those mental states and behaviour that can be explained in a reductionist fashion, and those that are not reducible. The proposed...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Hill J

更新日期：1982-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Various childhood social experiences have been reported to predict adult outcomes. However, it is unclear how different social contexts may influence each other's effects in the long run. This study examined the joint contribution of adolescent family and peer experiences to young adult wellbeing and functio...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Richards JS,Hartman CA,Jeronimus BF,Ormel J,Reijneveld SA,Veenstra R,Verhulst FC,Vollebergh WAM,Oldehinkel AJ

更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There are many reports which suggest that patients with effective illness (mania and/or depression) have abnormalities in the functioning of one or more neurobiological systems. At a conference convened by the Clinical Research Branch, Division of Extramural Research Programs, National Institute of Mental Health, thes...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Maas JW,Koslow SH,Davis JM,Katz MM,Mendels J,Robins E,Stokes PE,Bowden CL

更新日期：1980-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is highly co-morbid with depression. Depression is associated with elevated levels of the inflammation marker C-reactive protein (CRP), cross-sectionally and over time. To date, no studies have looked at the association between CRP and GAD. METHOD:A total of nine waves of ...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Copeland WE,Shanahan L,Worthman C,Angold A,Costello EJ

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In other branches of epidemiology, stratum specific likelihood ratios (SSLRs) have been found to be preferable to fixed best threshold approaches to screening instruments. This paper presents SSLRs of GHQ-12 and GHQ-28 and compares the SSLR method with the traditional optimal threshold approach. METHODS:Ran...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Furukawa TA,Goldberg DP,Rabe-Hesketh S,Ustün TB

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Objective binge eating (OBE) and self-induced vomiting (SIV) occur and co-occur across a range of eating disorders but the extent to which the risk factors for these two behaviours overlap is unclear. Examination of this overlap was the focus of the current report. METHOD:A population of female Australian t...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Wade TD,Treloar S,Martin NG

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:We sought to clarify the etiological contribution of genetic and environmental factors to total criminal behavior (CB) measured as criminal convictions in men and women, and to violent (VCB), white-collar (WCCB) and property criminal behavior (PCB) in men only. METHOD:In 21 603 twin pairs from the Swedish T...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Kendler KS,Maes HH,Lönn SL,Morris NA,Lichtenstein P,Sundquist J,Sundquist K

更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Age and sex-adjusted first admission rates for operationally-defined schizophrenia and other non-affective psychosis in different ethnic groups were calculated over the period 1988-1992 in a defined catchment area in South London. Standardized rates for schizophrenia, corrected for age- and gender-related under-report...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Van OS J,Castle DJ,Takei N,Der G,Murray RM

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In resource-poor countries, there remains an alarming treatment gap for people with schizophrenia, particularly those living in rural areas. Decentralization of mental health services, including community-based outreach programmes, represents one obvious strategy for bringing appropriate care to these commun...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Srinivasa Murthy R,Kishore Kumar KV,Chisholm D,Thomas T,Sekar K,Chandrashekari CR

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:There is uncertainty about the incidence of breakthrough psychosis in treatment adherent patients, and the role that factors, such as cumulative antipsychotic exposure, play in this phenomenon. METHODS:In a nationwide cohort of individuals treated for schizophrenia-spectrum disorders in Finland between 1 Ja...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Rubio JM,Taipale H,Correll CU,Tanskanen A,Kane JM,Tiihonen J

更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:A combined family study and recovered study design was utilized to examine several hypothesized relationships between personality and bulimia nervosa (BN). METHODS:We studied 47 women with a lifetime history of DSM-III-R BN (31 currently ill and 16 recovered), 44 matched control women (CW) with no history o...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Lilenfeld LR,Stein D,Bulik CM,Strober M,Plotnicov K,Pollice C,Rao R,Merikangas KR,Nagy L,Kaye WH

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Previous research has yielded conflicting evidence regarding the long-term cognitive outcome of depression. Some studies have found evidence for a higher incidence of subsequent cognitive impairment or dementia, while others have refuted this. METHOD:Depression, neuropsychological performance, functional ab...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Brodaty H,Luscombe G,Anstey KJ,Cramsie J,Andrews G,Peisah C

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:There is still a relative paucity of information about the long-term course of depression. METHODS:Consecutive patients admitted to a teaching hospital psychiatry unit with symptoms of depression, previously assessed at 6 months and 2, 5 and 15 years after index admission, were reviewed at 25 years (N = 49,...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Brodaty H,Luscombe G,Peisah C,Anstey K,Andrews G

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Aggression has been suggested to be related to abnormal brain 5-HT activity. This amine is synthesized in brain from tryptophan, which is transported through the blood-brain barrier in competition with other amino acids. The relationship between tryptophan and its endogenous amino acid competitors in plasma ...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Eriksson T,Lidberg L

更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In a retrospective case note study, 73 young females with anorexia nervosa were compared with 88 young females with affective psychosis. These groups of patients did not differ in terms of place of residence, birth order or social class. They differed very significantly, however, in terms of age at onset of symptoms, ...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Eagles JM,Wilson AM,Hunter D,Callender JS

更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Studies have shown that specific cognitions and behaviours play a role in maintaining chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). However, little research has investigated illness-specific cognitive processing in CFS. This study investigated whether CFS participants had an attentional bias for CFS-related stimuli and a ...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Hughes AM,Chalder T,Hirsch CR,Moss-Morris R

更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Consciousness has evolved and is a feature of all animals with sufficiently complex nervous systems. It is, therefore, primarily a problem for biology, rather than physics. In this review, I will consider three aspects of consciousness: level of consciousness, whether we are awake or in a coma; the contents of conscio...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Frith CD

更新日期：2019-09-04 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:A review of studies of cognition in the euthymic phase of unipolar and bipolar affective disorder reveals diverging results. METHODS:The study was designed as a controlled cohort study, with the Danish psychiatric case register of admissions used to identify patients and the Danish civil register to identif...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Kessing LV

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Preliminary data from the National Institute of Mental Health-Clinical Research Branch Collaborative Program on the Psychobiology of Depression dealing with the human growth hormone (hGH) response to the Insulin Tolerance Test (ITT) during the pre-treatment (drug-free) period of the study are presented in this paper. ...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Koslow SH,Stokes PE,Mendels J,Ramsey A,Casper R

更新日期：1982-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Based on prevalence studies and the few incidence studies of pervasive developmental disorders (PDDs) the prevalence and incidence of these disorders have been claimed to be increasing. METHOD:The annual and age-specific prevalence and incidence rates of childhood autism, atypical autism, Asperger's disorde...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Lauritsen MB,Pedersen CB,Mortensen PB

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Interest in the mental health of women deployed to modern military campaigns is increasing, although research examining gender differences is limited. Little is known about experiences women have had on these deployments, or whether men and women respond differently to combat exposure. METHOD:The current st...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Woodhead C,Wessely S,Jones N,Fear NT,Hatch SL

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The COVID-19 pandemic has had a range of negative social and economic effects that may contribute to a rise in mental health problems. In this observational population-based study, we examined longitudinal changes in the prevalence of mental health problems from before to during the COVID-19 crisis and ident...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Daly M,Sutin AR,Robinson E

更新日期：2020-11-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The cognitive theories of depression put forward by Beck and his colleagues (1980), Brown & Harris (1978) and Abramson and her colleagues (1978) are described and compared. Although each theory has its strengths, it is argued that an adequate cognitive account of depression is awaited. Such a theory must link specific...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Bebbington P

更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Suicides and suicide attempts in cancer patients were analysed by following all patients treated for cancer in Stockholm County from 1975 to 1985. Among 59,845 patients we identified 144 suicides and 196 suicide attempts during the follow-up, which represents a more than two-fold excess mortality from suicide and a mo...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Allebeck P,Bolund C

更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00