Modification of the noradrenaline related effects of smoking by beta-blockade.

abstract：BACKGROUND:Recently released prisoners are at markedly higher risk of suicide than the general population. The aim of this study was to identify key risk factors for suicide by offenders released from prisons in England and Wales. METHOD:All suicides committed by offenders within 12 months of their release from prison...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Pratt D,Appleby L,Piper M,Webb R,Shaw J

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The neurodevelopmental model of psychosis was established over 30 years ago; however, the developmental influence on psychotic symptom expression - how age affects clinical presentation in first-episode psychosis - has not been thoroughly investigated. METHODS:Using generalized additive modeling, which allo...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Bridgwater M,Bachman P,Tervo-Clemmens B,Haas G,Hayes R,Luna B,Salisbury DF,Jalbrzikowski M

更新日期：2020-10-06 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Current mental health legislation in the UK makes provision for the use of certain treatments in severely ill patients who are unable, or unwilling, to give informed consent. Under the terms of this legislation, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) may be used, usually to treat severely depressed patients. A numb...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Wheeldon TJ,Robertson C,Eagles JM,Reid IC

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Experts have raised concerns that oxytocin for labor induction and augmentation may have detrimental effects on the neurodevelopment of children. To investigate whether there is the reason for concern, we reviewed and evaluated the available evidence by searching databases with no language or date restrictions up to 9...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Lønfeldt NN,Verhulst FC,Strandberg-Larsen K,Plessen KJ,Lebowitz ER

更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The objective of this study was to examine associations between trajectories of childhood neighbourhood social cohesion and adolescent mental health and behaviour. METHOD:This study used data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth, a nationally representative sample of Canadian children...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Kingsbury M,Kirkbride JB,McMartin SE,Wickham ME,Weeks M,Colman I

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Suicide is expressly condemned in the Qu'ran, and traditionally few Islamic countries have reported suicide. Undetermined deaths are classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as Other Violent Deaths (OVD) in ICD-9, or Other External Causes (OEC) in ICD-10. It has been suggested that to avoid under-re...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Pritchard C,Amanullah S

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Exposure to stressful life events increases the risk of developing a psychotic disorder. Moreover, increased reactivity to stress seems to represent part of the vulnerability for psychosis. This study aimed to investigate whether a functional polymorphism in the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT Val(158)Met...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Stefanis NC,Henquet C,Avramopoulos D,Smyrnis N,Evdokimidis I,Myin-Germeys I,Stefanis CN,Van Os J

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A two-stage psychiatric survey of a random samples of adults aged 18-64 from Camberwell is described. Agency interviewers carried out the first stage (N = 800), using the shorter form of the Present State Examination (PSE). MRC interviewers, using the full PSE, saw a stratified sample of these (N = 310) in the second ...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Bebbington P,Hurry J,Tennant C,Sturt E,Wing JK

更新日期：1981-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The experience of childhood trauma is linked to more severe symptoms and poorer functioning in severe mental disorders; however, the mechanisms behind this are poorly understood. We investigate the relationship between childhood trauma and sleep disturbances in severe mental disorders including the role of s...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Laskemoen JF,Aas M,Vaskinn A,Berg AO,Lunding SH,Barrett EA,Melle I,Simonsen C

更新日期：2020-04-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Instruments designed to assess psychiatric disorders in people with learning difficulties (mental handicap) were critically reviewed from a psychometric perspective. Major trends were found in the assessment of psychopathology related to DSM-III and depressive disorders although research in other areas was patchy. Alt...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Sturmey P,Reed J,Corbett J

更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Prior optical coherence tomography (OCT) studies of schizophrenia have identified thinning of retinal layers. However, findings have varied across reports, and most studies have had serious methodological limitations. To address unresolved issues, we determined whether: (1) retinal thinning in schizophrenia ...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Silverstein SM,Paterno D,Cherneski L,Green S

更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Sibling resemblance in crime may be due to genetic relatedness, shared environment, and/or the interpersonal influence of siblings on each other. This latter process can be understood as a type of 'peer effect' in that it is based on social learning between individuals occupying the same status in the social...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Mikkonen J,Savolainen J,Aaltonen M,Martikainen P

更新日期：2020-10-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Bilateral electrodermal orienting responses were measured to repeated auditory stimuli in schizophrenic patients and controls. In 3 studies phasic activity to moderate intensity sounds of patients on no drugs or phenothiazines was predominantly hyper- or hypo-responsive. Controls showed moderate or slow habituation. P...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Gruzelier J,Connolly J,Eves F,Hirsch S,Zaki S,Weller M,Yorkston N

更新日期：1981-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The variations in suicide mortality in England and Wales over a 100-year period (1876-1975) are explained by the development of a descriptive model. The model used in a stepwise linear regression using 5 variables including toxic gas production. The variables give a good description of the observed changes in suicide ...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Low AA,Farmer RD,Jones DR,Rohde JR

更新日期：1981-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Transdiagnostic group cognitive-behavioral therapy (tCBT) is a delivery model that could help overcome barriers to large-scale implementation of evidence-based psychotherapy for anxiety disorders. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of combining group tCBT with treatment-as-usual (TAU), com...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Roberge P,Provencher MD,Gaboury I,Gosselin P,Vasiliadis HM,Benoît A,Carrier N,Antony MM,Chaillet N,Houle J,Hudon C,Norton PJ

更新日期：2020-12-02 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Adverse effects of antidepressants are most common at the beginning of the treatment, but possible also later. We examined the association between antidepressant use and work-related injuries taking into account the duration of antidepressant use. METHOD:Antidepressant use and work-related injuries between ...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Kouvonen A,Vahtera J,Pentti J,Korhonen MJ,Oksanen T,Salo P,Virtanen M,Kivimäki M

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although positive effects of physical activity on mental health indicators have been reported, the relationship between physical activity and the development of specific mental disorders is unclear. METHOD:A cross-sectional (12-month) and prospective-longitudinal epidemiological study over 4 years in a comm...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Ströhle A,Höfler M,Pfister H,Müller AG,Hoyer J,Wittchen HU,Lieb R

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:A review of studies of cognition in the euthymic phase of unipolar and bipolar affective disorder reveals diverging results. METHODS:The study was designed as a controlled cohort study, with the Danish psychiatric case register of admissions used to identify patients and the Danish civil register to identif...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Kessing LV

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Subthreshold depression is a highly prevalent condition and a risk factor for developing a major depressive episode. Internet-based cognitive behaviour therapy may be a promising approach for the treatment of subthreshold depression. The current study had two aims: (1) to determine whether an internet-based ...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Spek V,Nyklícek I,Smits N,Cuijpers P,Riper H,Keyzer J,Pop V

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Despite methodological differences between studies, it has been suggested that psychopathy may be associated with a ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC) deficit and antisocial personality disorder (ASPD), as classified in the DSM-IV, with a broader range of deficits in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Dolan M

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Three cognitive constructs are risk factors for eating disorders: undue influence of weight and shape, concern about weight and shape, and body dissatisfaction (BD). Undue influence, a diagnostic criterion for eating disorders, is postulated to be closely associated with self-esteem whereas BD is postulated ...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Wade TD,Zhu G,Martin NG

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In a prospective cohort study of consecutive primary care attenders in south London, the estimated prevalence of non-psychotic psychiatric disorder was 45.6%, using the Revised Clinical Interview Schedule (CIS-R). The estimated 12-month incidence rate was 15.7%. Extremely high stability was found in CIS-R scores over ...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Weich S,Churchill R,Lewis G,Mann A

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The blood counts of 80 patients with depression were examined (50 unipolar, 30 bipolar). Many had reduced numbers of circulating lymphocytes. This abnormality was more common in the unipolar group (52%) than in the bipolar group (27%). When those patients with an abnormal dexamethasone suppression test response in bot...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Murphy D,Gardner R,Greden JF,Carroll BJ

更新日期：1987-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Resting pulse is robustly and inversely associated with the risk for externalizing disorders and may be positively associated with internalizing disorders. We know little about the causal nature of these associations. METHODS:We examined resting pulse at conscription examination in 369 301 males born 1960-8...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Kendler KS,Lönn SL,Sundquist J,Sundquist K

更新日期：2020-03-24 00:00:00

abstract：:A consecutive series of 45 female bulimic patients treated by one of us was followed four to six years after termination of treatment. Thirty-five (78%) were successfully followed, six refused to participate in the study and four were untraced. At least seven (16%) had diagnosable bulimia nervosa at follow-up, and at ...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Hsu LK,Sobkiewicz TA

更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Geriatric Mental State and a new computerized diagnostic system, AGECAT, are briefly described. A nomenclature for designating cases for epidemiological work is introduced. Concordance between AGECAT and psychiatrists' diagnoses for these studies, hospital and community based (total of 541 subjects), achieved over...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Copeland JR,Dewey ME,Griffiths-Jones HM

更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The association between cigarette smoking and psychosis remains unexplained, but could relate to causal effects in both directions, confounding by socioeconomic factors, such as ethnicity, or use of other substances, including cannabis. Few studies have evaluated the association between cigarettes and psycho...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Bhavsar V,Jauhar S,Murray RM,Hotopf M,Hatch SL,McNeill A,Boydell J,MacCabe JH

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Fatigue syndromes and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) often occur together. Explanations include being different manifestations of the same condition and simply sharing some symptoms. METHOD:A matched case-control study in UK primary care, using data collected prospectively in the General Practice Research D...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Hamilton WT,Gallagher AM,Thomas JM,White PD

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bullying victimization is a topic of concern for youths, parents, school staff and mental health practitioners. Children and adolescents who are victimized by bullies show signs of distress and adjustment problems. However, it is not clear whether bullying is the source of these difficulties. This paper reviews empiri...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Arseneault L,Bowes L,Shakoor S

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:There is an emerging consensus in developmental psychopathology that irritable youth are at risk for developing internalizing problems later in life. The current study explored if irritability in youth is multifactorial and the impact of irritability dimensions on psychopathology outcomes in adulthood. METH...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Hawes MT,Carlson GA,Finsaas MC,Olino TM,Seely JR,Klein DN

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00