Abstract：
:During cellular translation of messenger RNAs by ribosomes, the translation apparatus sometimes pauses or stalls at the elongation and termination steps. With the exception of programmed stalling, which is usually used by cells for regulatory purposes, ribosomes stalled on mRNAs need to be terminated and recycled to maintain adequate translation capacity. Much ribosome stalling originates in aberrant mRNAs that lack a stop codon. Transcriptional errors, misprocessing of primary transcripts, and undesired mRNA cleavage all contribute to the formation of non-stop mRNAs. Ribosomes stalled at the 3' end of non-stop mRNAs do not undergo normal termination owing to the lack of specific stop-codon recognition by canonical peptide release factors at the A-site decoding centre. In bacteria, the transfer-messenger RNA (tmRNA)-SmpB-mediated trans-translation rescue system reroutes stalled ribosomes to the normal elongation cycle and translation termination. Two additional rescue systems, ArfA-RF2 (refs 13, 14, 15, 16) and ArfB (formerly known as YaeJ), are also present in many bacterial species, but their mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, using cryo-electron microscopy, we characterize the structure of the Escherichia coli 70S ribosome bound with ArfA, the release factor RF2, a short non-stop mRNA and a cognate P-site tRNA. The C-terminal loop of ArfA occupies the mRNA entry channel on the 30S subunit, whereas its N terminus is sandwiched between the decoding centre and the switch loop of RF2, leading to marked conformational changes in both the decoding centre and RF2. Despite the distinct conformation of RF2, its conserved catalytic GGQ motif is precisely positioned next to the CCA-end of the P-site tRNA. These data illustrate a stop-codon surrogate mechanism for ArfA in facilitating the termination of non-stop ribosomal complexes by RF2.
journal_name
Naturejournal_title
Natureauthors
Ma C,Kurita D,Li N,Chen Y,Himeno H,Gao Ndoi
10.1038/nature20822subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-01-26 00:00:00pages
550-553issue
7638eissn
0028-0836issn
1476-4687pii
nature20822journal_volume
541pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
NATURE文献大全abstract：:During anaphase identical sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite poles of the mitotic spindle. In the spindle, kinetochore microtubules have their plus ends embedded in the kinetochore and their minus ends at the spindle pole. Two models have been proposed to account for the movement of chromatids during...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature02256
更新日期：2004-01-22 00:00:00
abstract：:Two principals in the once-raging debate over forensic DNA typing conclude that the scientific issues have all been resolved. ...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/371735a0
更新日期：1994-10-27 00:00:00
abstract：:The amplitude and frequency of laser light can be routinely measured and controlled on a femtosecond (10(-15) s) timescale. However, in pulses comprising just a few wave cycles, the amplitude envelope and carrier frequency are not sufficient to characterize and control laser radiation, because evolution of the light f...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature01414
更新日期：2003-02-06 00:00:00
abstract：:The origin and growth of magnetic fields in galaxies is still something of an enigma. It is generally assumed that seed fields are amplified over time through the dynamo effect, but there are few constraints on the timescale. It was recently demonstrated that field strengths as traced by rotation measures of distant (...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature07105
更新日期：2008-07-17 00:00:00
abstract：:TPA (12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate) reversibly inhibits the binding of (125)I-labelled epidermal growth factor (EGF) to treated mouse and human cells, but does not affect the binding of various other ligands to their membrane receptors. It alters the affinity of the receptors for EGF without changing the total...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/279387a0
更新日期：1979-05-31 00:00:00
abstract：:Therapies for patients with cancer have changed gradually over the past decade, moving away from the administration of broadly acting cytotoxic drugs towards the use of more-specific therapies that are targeted to each tumour. To facilitate this shift, tests need to be developed to identify those individuals who requi...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/nature06915
更新日期：2008-04-03 00:00:00
abstract：:Rivers sourced in the Himalayan mountain range carry some of the largest sediment loads on the planet, yet coarse gravel in these rivers vanishes within approximately 10-40 kilometres on entering the Ganga Plain (the part of the North Indian River Plain containing the Ganges River). Understanding the fate of gravel is...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature22039
更新日期：2017-04-26 00:00:00
abstract：:The glutamate dehydrogenase gene of Escherichia coli has been cloned into broad host-range plasmids and can complement glutamate synthase mutants of Methylophilus methylotrophus. Assimilation of ammonia via glutamate dehydrogenase is more energy-efficient than via glutamate synthase, thus the recombinant organism conv...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/287396a0
更新日期：1980-10-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Since 2013 the occurrence of human infections by a novel avian H7N9 influenza virus in China has demonstrated the continuing threat posed by zoonotic pathogens. Although the first outbreak wave that was centred on eastern China was seemingly averted, human infections recurred in October 2013 (refs 3-7). It is unclear ...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature14348
更新日期：2015-06-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Evolution of the earliest mammals shows successive episodes of diversification. Lineage-splitting in Mesozoic mammals is coupled with many independent evolutionary experiments and ecological specializations. Classic scenarios of mammalian morphological evolution tend to posit an orderly acquisition of key evolutionary...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/nature06277
更新日期：2007-12-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Although infection by HIV-1 has been implicated as the primary cause of AIDS and related disorders, cofactorial mechanisms may be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. For example, several viruses commonly detected in AIDS patients and capable of transactivating the long terminal repeat of HIV-1, such as herpes...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/337370a0
更新日期：1989-01-26 00:00:00
abstract：:The chemical evolution of the Earth and the terrestrial planets is largely controlled by the density of silicate melts. If melt density is higher than that of the surrounding solid, incompatible elements dissolved in the melt will be sequestered in the deep mantle. Previous studies on dry (water-free) melts showed tha...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature04241
更新日期：2005-11-24 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite its widespread distribution on both lymphoid and myeloid cells, the biological role of the low-affinity immunoglobulin-G receptor, Fc gamma RII, is not fully understood. Defects in this receptor or its signalling pathway in B cells result in perturbations in immune-complex-mediated feedback inhibition of antib...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/379346a0
更新日期：1996-01-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Drosophila thoracic mechanosensory bristles originate from cells that are singled out from 'proneural' groups of competent epithelial cells. Neural competence is restricted to individual sensory organ precursors (SOPs) by Delta/Notch-mediated 'lateral inhibition', whereas other cells in the proneural field adopt an ep...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature02157
更新日期：2003-12-04 00:00:00
abstract：:The loose material--regolith--on the surfaces of asteroids is thought to represent ballistically emplaced ejecta from impacts but the identification of source craters and the detailed study of the regolith modification have been hampered by the limited spatial resolution and area coverage of the few asteroids imaged b...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/35096513
更新日期：2001-09-27 00:00:00
abstract：:Down's syndrome (DS) or trisomy 21 is the most common genetic cause of mental retardation. Development of the DS brain is associated with decreased neuronal number and abnormal neuronal differentiation, and adults with DS develop Alzheimer's disease. The cause of the neurodegenerative process in DS is unknown. Here we...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/378776a0
更新日期：1995-12-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Cyclin degradation is the key step governing exit from mitosis and progress into the next cell cycle. When a region in the N terminus of cyclin is fused to a foreign protein, it produces a hybrid protein susceptible to proteolysis at mitosis. During the course of degradation, both cyclin and the hybrid form conjugates...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/349132a0
更新日期：1991-01-10 00:00:00
abstract：:DNA replication in eukaryotes is strictly regulated by several mechanisms. A central step in this replication is the assembly of the heterohexameric minichromosome maintenance (MCM2-7) helicase complex at replication origins during G1 phase as an inactive double hexamer. Here, using cryo-electron microscopy, we report...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature14685
更新日期：2015-08-13 00:00:00
abstract：: ...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 新闻
doi：10.1038/d41586-018-07110-9
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In information processing, as in physics, our classical world view provides an incomplete approximation to an underlying quantum reality. Quantum effects like interference and entanglement play no direct role in conventional information processing, but they can--in principle now, but probably eventually in practice--b...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/35005001
更新日期：2000-03-16 00:00:00
abstract：:The toxicity of misfolded proteins and mitochondrial dysfunction are pivotal factors that promote age-associated functional neuronal decline and neurodegenerative disease. Accordingly, neurons invest considerable cellular resources in chaperones, protein degradation, autophagy and mitophagy to maintain proteostasis an...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature21362
更新日期：2017-02-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Finite element analysis (FEA) is used by industrial designers and biomechanicists to estimate the performance of engineered structures or human skeletal and soft tissues subjected to varying regimes of stress and strain. FEA is rarely applied to problems of biomechanical design in animals, despite its potential to inf...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/35059070
更新日期：2001-02-22 00:00:00
abstract：:The properties of synapses between retinal neurons make an essential contribution to early visual processing. Light produces a graded hyperpolarization in photoreceptors, up to 25 mV in amplitude, and it is conventionally assumed that all of this response range is available for coding visual information. We report her...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/328522a0
更新日期：1987-08-06 00:00:00
abstract：:The 3-dimethylsulphoniopropionate (DMSP) produced by marine algae is the main biogenic precursor of atmospheric dimethylsulphide (DMS). This biogenic DMS, formed by bacterial and algal degradation of DMSP, contributes about 1.5 x 10(13) g of sulphur to the atmosphere annually, and plays a major part in the global sulp...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/43160
更新日期：1997-06-26 00:00:00
abstract：:Serine proteases are present in virtually all organisms and function both inside and outside the cell; they exist as two families, the 'trypsin-like' and the 'subtilisin-like', that have independently evolved a similar catalytic device characterized by the Ser, His, Asp triad, an oxyanion binding site, and possibly ot...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/332564a0
更新日期：1988-04-07 00:00:00
abstract：:A short, 14-amino-acid segment called SP1, located in the Gag structural protein1, has a critical role during the formation of the HIV-1 virus particle. During virus assembly, the SP1 peptide and seven preceding residues fold into a six-helix bundle, which holds together the Gag hexamer and facilitates the formation o...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41586-018-0396-4
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microbes comprise the majority of extant organisms, yet much remains to be learned about the nature and driving forces of microbial diversification. Our understanding of how microorganisms adapt and evolve can be advanced by genome-wide documentation of the patterns of genetic exchange, particularly if analyses target...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature05624
更新日期：2007-03-29 00:00:00
abstract：:The quantum spin properties of nitrogen-vacancy defects in diamond enable diverse applications in quantum computing and communications1. However, fluorescent nanodiamonds also have attractive properties for in vitro biosensing, including brightness2, low cost3 and selective manipulation of their emission4. Nanoparticl...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41586-020-2917-1
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using data on the global distribution of mammal, bird and amphibian species, Grenyer et al. conclude that planning based on individual taxa does not provide efficient solutions for the conservation of other taxa. They also report that the performance of existing global conservation strategies-endemic bird areas, biodi...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature06374
更新日期：2007-12-06 00:00:00
abstract：:The recruitment model for gene activation stipulates that an activator works by bringing the transcriptional machinery to the DNA. Recent experiments in bacteria and yeast indicate that many genes can be activated by this mechanism. These findings have implications for our understanding of the nature of activating reg...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/386569a0
更新日期：1997-04-10 00:00:00
