Graphene oxide-based efficient and scalable solar desalination under one sun with a confined 2D water path.

abstract：:The p21(WAF1) (p21) cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor plays a major role in regulating cell cycle arrest. It was recently reported that the p53-independent elevation of p21 protein levels is essential in mediating the G(1) arrest resulting from signal transduction events initiated by the crosslinking of membrane IgM o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Marches R,Hsueh R,Uhr JW

更新日期：1999-07-20 00:00:00

abstract：:A gradual loss of telomeric repeat sequences with aging previously has been noted in normal adult tissues, and this process has been implicated in cell senescence. No data exist that address the rate of telomere shortening in normal human cells within families or early in life. To address these questions, we measured ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Frenck RW Jr,Blackburn EH,Shannon KM

更新日期：1998-05-12 00:00:00

abstract：:CD4 can physically associate with the CD3-T-cell receptor complex as visualized in cocapping experiments. This association occurs when the T-cell receptor is cross-linked by certain anti-variable region antibodies that appear to induce a conformational change in the receptor such that it associate with CD4. Similar as...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rojo JM,Saizawa K,Janeway CA Jr

更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We induced sublimation of suspended few-layer graphene by in situ Joule-heating inside a transmission electron microscope. The graphene sublimation fronts consisted of mostly {1100} zigzag edges. Under appropriate conditions, a fractal-like "coastline" morphology was observed. Extensive multiple-layer reconstructions ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Huang JY,Ding F,Yakobson BI,Lu P,Qi L,Li J

更新日期：2009-06-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Activins and inhibins, members of the type beta transforming growth factor superfamily of growth regulatory proteins, are produced in multiple tissues and affect diverse physiologic processes. Using embryonic stem cell technology, we previously demonstrated that inhibin can function as a gonadal tumor suppressor. In t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Matzuk MM,Finegold MJ,Mather JP,Krummen L,Lu H,Bradley A

更新日期：1994-09-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Small solutes affect protein and nucleic acid processes because of favorable or unfavorable chemical interactions of the solute with the biopolymer surface exposed or buried in the process. Large solutes also exclude volume and affect processes where biopolymer molecularity and/or shape changes. Here, we develop an an...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Knowles DB,LaCroix AS,Deines NF,Shkel I,Record MT Jr

更新日期：2011-08-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Among the most striking aspects of the movement of many animal groups are their sudden coherent changes in direction. Recent observations of locusts and starlings have shown that this directional switching is an intrinsic property of their motion. Similar direction switches are seen in self-propelled particle and othe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yates CA,Erban R,Escudero C,Couzin ID,Buhl J,Kevrekidis IG,Maini PK,Sumpter DJ

更新日期：2009-04-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Aire is a transcriptional regulator that induces expression of peripheral tissue antigens (PTA) in thymic medullary epithelial cells (MECs), driving immunological self-tolerance in differentiating T cells. To elucidate its mechanistic pathways, we examined its transcriptional impact in MECs in vivo by microarray analy...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Giraud M,Yoshida H,Abramson J,Rahl PB,Young RA,Mathis D,Benoist C

更新日期：2012-01-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS3-4A is a membrane-associated multifunctional protein harboring serine protease and RNA helicase activities. It is an essential component of the HCV replication complex and a prime target for antiviral intervention. Here, we show that membrane association and structural organization of HCV NS...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Brass V,Berke JM,Montserret R,Blum HE,Penin F,Moradpour D

更新日期：2008-09-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The downstream box (DB) is a sequence element that enhances translation of several bacterial and phage mRNAs. It has been proposed that the DB enhances translation by base pairing transiently to bases 1469-1483 of 16S rRNA, the so-called anti-DB, during the initiation phase of translation. We have tested this model of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： O'Connor M,Asai T,Squires CL,Dahlberg AE

更新日期：1999-08-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Full activation of T cells requires signaling through the T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) and additional surface molecules interacting with ligands on the antigen-presenting cell. TCR recognition of agonist ligands in the absence of accessory signals frequently results in the induction of a state of unresponsiveness ter...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Madrenas J,Schwartz RH,Germain RN

更新日期：1996-09-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent epidemics demonstrate the global threat of Zika virus (ZIKV), a flavivirus transmitted by mosquitoes. Although infection is usually asymptomatic or mild, newborns of infected mothers can display severe symptoms, including neurodevelopmental abnormalities and microcephaly. Given the large-scale spread, symptom s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Esswein SR,Gristick HB,Jurado A,Peace A,Keeffe JR,Lee YE,Voll AV,Saeed M,Nussenzweig MC,Rice CM,Robbiani DF,MacDonald MR,Bjorkman PJ

更新日期：2020-05-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Intercropping, which grows at least two crop species on the same pieces of land at the same time, can increase grain yields greatly. Legume-grass intercrops are known to overyield because of legume nitrogen fixation. However, many agricultural soils are deficient in phosphorus. Here we show that a new mechanism of ove...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li L,Li SM,Sun JH,Zhou LL,Bao XG,Zhang HG,Zhang FS

更新日期：2007-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Galectin-3 is a glycan-binding protein (GBP) that binds β-galactoside glycan structures to orchestrate a variety of important biological events, including the activation of hepatic stellate cells and regulation of immune responses. While the requisite glycan epitopes needed to bind galectin-3 have long been elucidated...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Joeh E,O'Leary T,Li W,Hawkins R,Hung JR,Parker CG,Huang ML

更新日期：2020-11-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The autophagic ubiquitin-like protein (ublp) autophagy-related (ATG)12 is a component of the ATG12∼ATG5-ATG16L1 E3 complex that promotes lipid conjugation of members of the LC3 ublp family. A role of ATG12 in the E3 complex is to recruit the E2 enzyme ATG3. Here we report the identification of the ATG12 binding sequen...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Metlagel Z,Otomo C,Takaesu G,Otomo T

更新日期：2013-11-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Hop2 and Mnd1 are abundant meiosisspecific chromosomal proteins, and mutations in the corresponding genes lead to defects in meiotic recombination and in homologous chromosome interactions during mid-prophase. Analysis of various double mutants suggests that HOP2, MND1, and DMC1 act in the sam...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chen YK,Leng CH,Olivares H,Lee MH,Chang YC,Kung WM,Ti SC,Lo YH,Wang AH,Chang CS,Bishop DK,Hsueh YP,Wang TF

更新日期：2004-07-20 00:00:00

abstract：:In order to study the mutagenic effects of site-specific, covalent modifications of biologically active DNA, we need host cells that are permissive for any type of mutation that might be produced in vivo from the modified DNA. Specifically, we require a general, in vivo complementation system for the bacteriophage phi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Humayun MZ,Chambers RW

更新日期：1978-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During the last several decades corals have been in decline and at least one-third of all coral species are now threatened with extinction. Coral disease has been a major contributor to this threat, but little is known about the responsible pathogens. To date most research has focused on bacterial and fungal diseases;...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vega Thurber RL,Barott KL,Hall D,Liu H,Rodriguez-Mueller B,Desnues C,Edwards RA,Haynes M,Angly FE,Wegley L,Rohwer FL

更新日期：2008-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Acidification of the extracellular milieu of malignant tumors is reported to increase the invasive behavior of cancer cells. In normal tissues, production of acid is catalyzed by carbonic anhydrases (CAs), some of which are known to be overexpressed in certain cancers. To investigate the functional role of CA activity...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Parkkila S,Rajaniemi H,Parkkila AK,Kivela J,Waheed A,Pastorekova S,Pastorek J,Sly WS

更新日期：2000-02-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Human lymphocytes obtained from fasted adult subjects and cultured human tumor lymphocytes were investigated for specific insulin receptors. By use of monoiodoinsulin, specific insulin binding sites were demonstrated in peripheral human lymphocytes, cultured human lymphocytes, and in other types of human circulating c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gavin JR 3rd,Roth J,Jen P,Freychet P

更新日期：1972-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells reproduce by budding to yield a mother cell and a smaller daughter cell. Although both mother and daughter begin G1 simultaneously, the mother cell progresses through G1 more rapidly. Daughter cell G1 delay has long been thought to be due to a requirement for attaining a certain critical...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Laabs TL,Markwardt DD,Slattery MG,Newcomb LL,Stillman DJ,Heideman W

更新日期：2003-09-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The recent discovery of small molecules targeting the cytochrome bc 1 :aa 3 in Mycobacterium tuberculosis triggered interest in the terminal respiratory oxidases for antituberculosis drug development. The mycobacterial cytochrome...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kalia NP,Hasenoehrl EJ,Ab Rahman NB,Koh VH,Ang MLT,Sajorda DR,Hards K,Grüber G,Alonso S,Cook GM,Berney M,Pethe K

更新日期：2017-07-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Infectious vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), the prototypic nonsegmented negative-strand RNA virus, was recovered from a full-length cDNA clone of the viral genome. Bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase expressed from a recombinant vaccinia virus was used to drive the synthesis of a genome-length positive-sense transcript o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Whelan SP,Ball LA,Barr JN,Wertz GT

更新日期：1995-08-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Members of the voltage-gated-like ion channel superfamily have a conserved pore structure. Transmembrane helices that line the pore (M2 or S6) are thought to gate it at the cytoplasmic end by bending at a hinge glycine residue. Proline residues favor bending of alpha-helices, and substitution of proline for this glyci...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhao Y,Scheuer T,Catterall WA

更新日期：2004-12-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Polyketides represent an extremely diverse class of secondary metabolites often explored for their bioactive traits. These molecules are also attractive building blocks for chemical catalysis and polymerization. However, the use of polyketides in larger scale chemistry applications is stymied by limited titers and yie...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Markham KA,Palmer CM,Chwatko M,Wagner JM,Murray C,Vazquez S,Swaminathan A,Chakravarty I,Lynd NA,Alper HS

更新日期：2018-02-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Rod and cone opsin genes are expressed in a mutually exclusive manner in their respective photoreceptor subtypes in the mammalian retina. Previous transgenic mouse studies showed that functional interactions between the distal enhancer and proximal promoter of rhodopsin and long/medium-wavelength (L/M) opsin genes are...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Peng GH,Chen S

更新日期：2011-10-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The microvillus core-filament bundle from intestinal epithelial cells is a highly ordered structure containing actin and four major associated proteins. Two of these, villin and calmodulin, bind calcium ions (Kd approximately 10(-6) M) in the physiologically important range. Because ethylene glycol bis(beta-aminoethyl...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Glenney JR Jr,Bretscher A,Weber K

更新日期：1980-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The current epidemic of infections caused by antibiotic-resistant gram-positive bacteria requires the discovery of new drug targets and the development of new therapeutics. Lipoteichoic acid (LTA), a cell wall polymer of gram-positive bacteria, consists of 1,3-polyglycerol-phosphate linked to glycolipid. LTA synthase ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Richter SG,Elli D,Kim HK,Hendrickx AP,Sorg JA,Schneewind O,Missiakas D

更新日期：2013-02-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Prey in natural communities are usually shared by many predator species. How predators coexist while competing for the same prey is one of the fundamental questions in ecology. Here, we show that competing predator species may not only coexist on a single prey but even help each other to persist if they specialize on ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： De Roos AM,Schellekens T,Van Kooten T,Persson L

更新日期：2008-09-16 00:00:00

abstract：:During cytokinesis, a cleavage furrow generated by actomyosin ring contraction is restructured into the midbody, a platform for the assembly of the abscission machinery that controls the final separation of daughter cells. The polymerization state of F-actin is important during assembly, ingression, disassembly, and c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Terry SJ,Donà F,Osenberg P,Carlton JG,Eggert US

更新日期：2018-02-27 00:00:00