Abstract:
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE:The Natal gwarri or Natal ebony (Euclea natalensis A.DC.) is a deciduous tree found widespread throughout southern Africa, especially in Kwazulu-Natal and the southern cost. It has been widely used by indigenous communities such as the Zulus, Tsongas and Vendas for symptoms related to tuberculosis (TB). The decoctions made from the plant parts are administered for chest diseases to treat complications such as chest pains, bronchitis, pleurisy and asthma. TB is prevalent in immune-compromised patients and it is evident that TB-drugs cause hepatotoxicity. The objective of the present study was therefore to evaluate the antimycobacterial activity of the ethanolic extract of E. natalensis against TB and its hepatoprotective and immunomodulatory activities. MATERIALS AND METHODS:The antimycobacterial, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory activity and cytotoxicity of the ethanolic extract of the shoots of E. natalensis were determined in vitro. The mechanism of action of the antituberculosis activity was determined by investigating the inhibitory effect on mycothiol disulfide reductase enzyme. Furthermore, the acute, sub-acute toxicity (50-2000mg/kg) and antimycobacterial effect (300mg/kg) of E. natalensis shoot extract were investigated in Balb/c mice. Hepatoprotective activity of the extract (50-150mg/kg) was evaluated on isoniazid and rifampicin (50mg/kg; i.p.) induced hepatic damage in a rat model. RESULTS:The minimum inhibitory concentration of the extract was found to be 125µg/ml against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The extracts 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical was found to be 22.55µg/ml. The plant showed a hepatoprotective effect (50% at 12.5µg/ml) and the ability to increase T-helper 1 cell cytokines; Interleukin 12, Interleukin 2 and Interferon α by up to 12 fold and the ability to decrease the T-helper 2 cell cytokine Interleukin 10 4 fold when compared to baseline cytokine production. No cellular toxicity was observed in primary peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC's) and two secondary cell lines; U937 monocytes and Chang liver cells (a derivative of the HepG2 cell line). During mechanistic studies, the extract showed a 50% inhibition of mycothiol reductase activity at 38.62µg/ml. During the acute and sub-acute studies, E. natalensis exhibited no toxic effect and the 50% lethal dose (LD50) was established to be above 2000mg/kg. The extract was able to reduce the mycobacterial load (1.5-fold reduction) in infected mice. Isoniazid and rifampicin caused significant hepatic damage in rats, and the extract was able to reduce the toxicity by 15% and 40% at 50 and 150mg/kg respectively. CONCLUSION:The present study supports the traditional usage of the plant against tuberculosis symptoms. The study showed the ability of E. natalensis shoot extract to inhibit mycobacterial growth, stimulate an appropriate immune response and have a hepatic protective effect. Due to the extract's significant results for hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory effects and antimycobacterial activity, it may prove to be effective to serve as an adjuvant for TB-patients.
journal_name
J Ethnopharmacoljournal_title
Journal of ethnopharmacologyauthors
Lall N,Kumar V,Meyer D,Gasa N,Hamilton C,Matsabisa M,Oosthuizen Cdoi
10.1016/j.jep.2016.10.060subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-12-24 00:00:00pages
740-748eissn
0378-8741issn
1872-7573pii
S0378-8741(16)31454-4journal_volume
194pub_type
杂志文章abstract:ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE:Multi-target therapeutics is a promising paradigm for drug discovery which is expected to produce greater levels of efficacy with fewer adverse effects and toxicity than monotherapies. Medical herbs featuring multi-components and multi-targets may serve as valuable resources for network-b...
journal_title:Journal of ethnopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jep.2013.07.001
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects on toxic and behavioral levels of guarana (Paullinia cupana) were assessed in rats and mice subsequent to acute and chronic administrations and were compared to those produced by Ginseng (Panax ginseng). Experimental parameters included tests for antioxidant capacity in vitro and measured in vivo, toxicolo...
journal_title:Journal of ethnopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0378-8741(97)00141-4
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The antimicrobiol properties and preliminary chemical information of the resinous exudates from twigs and leaves of nine Haplopappus species from Chile: H. diplopappus; H. anthylloides; H. schumannii; H. cuneifolius; H. velutinus; H. uncinatus; H. multifolius, H. illinitus and H. foliosus are presented. The results sh...
journal_title:Journal of ethnopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-8741(94)01196-7
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The alcoholic extract of Trewia polycarpa roots (TPE), which exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity, was evaluated for the possible mode of action by studying its antioxidant potential in adjuvant-induced arthritic rats. The biological defence system constituting the superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxid...
journal_title:Journal of ethnopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0378-8741(03)00143-0
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Preliminary antimicrobial screening against Candida albicans and selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria of methanol extracts prepared from eight Mexican medicinal plants, noted for their antiseptic properties, was conducted. The significant activity exhibited for extracts of Ratibida latipalearis, Teloxys g...
journal_title:Journal of ethnopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-8741(92)90025-m
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE:Gamisoyo-San (GSS) is a well-known Traditional Korean Medicine shown to be effective on mood disorders. AIM OF THE STUDY:The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of Gamisoyo-San on generalized anxiety disorder by its differently manufactured preparations. MATERIALS AND METH...
journal_title:Journal of ethnopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.jep.2014.10.024
更新日期:2014-12-02 00:00:00
abstract::Neurada procumbens is a desert plant in the Arabian Peninsula. It has been considered edible by Bedouin and has been used traditionally as a medicinal herb. During a screening test of Arabian plants, the aqueous extract of Neurada procumbens increased the blood pressure of anaesthetized normotensive rats when it was a...
journal_title:Journal of ethnopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jep.2003.09.045
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE:Ginsenosides are the proposed bioactive constituent of ginseng, especially for the attenuation of postprandial glycemia (PPG). The efficacious proportion of total and specific ginsenosides, remains unknown. Alcohol extraction of whole ginseng root can be used to selectively manipulate the...
journal_title:Journal of ethnopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.jep.2014.10.057
更新日期:2015-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::The hexane, chloroform, acetone and methanolic fractions of Datura metel L. were investigated for antifungal properties using pathogenic species of Aspergillus. The chloroform fraction was found to be endowed with antifungal activity. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of chloroform fraction of D. metel L. was...
journal_title:Journal of ethnopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0378-8741(02)00036-3
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM OF THE STUDY:Labisia pumila has rejuvenating properties that help women to regain the strength and vigour after giving birth (Burkill, 1935) leading us to speculate that Labisia pumila might also modulate the immune matrix as it is one of the important aspect of healthy state of the living body. MATERIALS AND METH...
journal_title:Journal of ethnopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jep.2010.08.039
更新日期:2010-10-28 00:00:00
abstract::The protective effect of Anacardium occidentale aqueous extract against streptozotocin-induced diabetes was evaluated in rats. The rats were treated with 175 mg/kg of the extract per os, twice daily; beginning 2 days before streptozotocin (STZ) injection. A total of 3 days after STZ administration, there was a 48% inc...
journal_title:Journal of ethnopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0378-8741(97)00159-1
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE:Neem (Azadirachta indica; Meliaceae) is widely known for its cold pressed seed oil, mainly used as insecticide, but also for cosmetic, medicinal and agricultural uses. The seed oil is widely employed in the Indian subcontinent, and the leaves seem to have a lower relevance, but the ethnob...
journal_title:Journal of ethnopharmacology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jep.2016.05.014
更新日期:2016-08-02 00:00:00
abstract:ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE:Licorice (Glycyrrhizae radix), the root of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. (Leguminosae), is mainly used to moderate the characteristics of toxic herbs in Traditional Chinese Medicine, which could be partly interpreted as detoxification. However, the underlying mechanism is still not fully e...
journal_title:Journal of ethnopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jep.2014.12.043
更新日期:2015-03-13 00:00:00
abstract::The hepatoprotective activity of the rhisome of Cochlospermum tinctorium was investigated using carbon tetrachloride toxicity on mouse and tert-butyl hydroperoxide in vitro induction of lipid peroxidation and hepatocyte lysis. Aqueous, hydro-ethanolic and ethanolic extracts showed significant dose-dependent hepatoprot...
journal_title:Journal of ethnopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-8741(92)90013-h
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The study of local knowledge about natural resources is becoming increasingly important in defining strategies and actions for conservation of medicinal plants. This study therefore sought to collect information from local population concerning the use of Ajloun Heights region medicinal plants; identify the most impor...
journal_title:Journal of ethnopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jep.2006.09.031
更新日期:2007-03-21 00:00:00
abstract:ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE:Gastrodia elata Blume (Fam. Orchidaceae) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine for treating headaches, dizziness, tetanus, epilepsy, and numbness of the limbs, which suggests that it has neuroprotective effect. AIM OF THE STUDY:To validate the neuroprotection of Gastrodia elata in pre...
journal_title:Journal of ethnopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jep.2011.08.075
更新日期:2011-10-31 00:00:00
abstract::Strychnos henningsii Gilg is used in African traditional medicine for the treatment of various ailments, including rheumatism, gastrointestinal complaints and snake bites. Different preliminary pharmacological experiments are described. The results show that some of the reported folk medicinal applications of S. henni...
journal_title:Journal of ethnopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-8741(91)90045-f
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE:Jiao-Tai-Wan (JTW), an important herbal formula consists of Rhizoma coptidis and Cortex cinnamomi powder, is a famous prescription which has been used for centuries to treat insomnia in Traditional Chinese Medicine. The purpose of this study is to compare the pharmacokinetic properties of...
journal_title:Journal of ethnopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jep.2014.04.040
更新日期:2014-07-03 00:00:00
abstract:ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE:Mesua ferrea Linn. (Cluciaseae), Cobra's saffron, is named after the heaviness of its timber and is cultivated in tropical climates for its form, foliage, and fragrant flowers. It is prescribed in the Ayurvedic literature for the treatment of pain, inflammation, and rheumatic conditions. ...
journal_title:Journal of ethnopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jep.2011.09.042
更新日期:2011-12-08 00:00:00
abstract:ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE:Ethnoveterinary medicine is often assumed to be a subset of human medicinal knowledge. Here we investigate the possibility that some ethnoveterinary medicine rather originates from observations of animal self-medication. We document and analyze the ethnoveterinary medicine used by Karen m...
journal_title:Journal of ethnopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jep.2020.112823
更新日期:2020-09-15 00:00:00
abstract:ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE:Cedrus atlantica essential oil (CaEO) presents analgesic and anti-inflammatory sedative properties. However, it remains unknown whether CaEO alleviates acute postoperative pain. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Here, we investigated the effect of CaEO on postoperative pain and its mechanisms relate...
journal_title:Journal of ethnopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jep.2015.08.048
更新日期:2015-12-04 00:00:00
abstract:ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE:Arogyavardhini vati, an Ayurvedic polyherbal formulation has been used for liver and skin disorders in the Ayurvedic system of medicine. However, toxicity due to the presence of heavy metals in this traditional medicine is a matter of concern. AIM OF THE STUDY:To evaluate the safety of A...
journal_title:Journal of ethnopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jep.2012.01.004
更新日期:2012-03-06 00:00:00
abstract:ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE:A wide variety of traditional herbal remedies have been used throughout history for the treatment of symptoms related to acute respiratory infections (ARIs). AIM OF THE REVIEW:The present work provides a timely overview of natural products affecting the most common pathogens involved in ...
journal_title:Journal of ethnopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jep.2019.112298
更新日期:2020-02-10 00:00:00
abstract::Paeoniflorin and sinomenine, derived from the root of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. (family Ranunculaceae) and the stem of Sinomenium acutum Rehder & Wilson (family Menispermaceae), respectively, have been, and are currently, widely used for treatment of rheumatic and arthritic diseases in China and Japan. Our previous stu...
journal_title:Journal of ethnopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jep.2005.08.020
更新日期:2006-02-20 00:00:00
abstract:ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE:Sambucus ebulus L. (S. ebulus) has had long-standing application in Traditional Persian Medicine for joint pain and for a variety of bone and joint disorders. According to traditional use of S. ebulus and its relevant pharmacologic properties, this study was designed to evaluate the effic...
journal_title:Journal of ethnopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.jep.2016.04.035
更新日期:2016-07-21 00:00:00
abstract:ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE:Qingxue jiedu Formulation (QF) is composed of two classic prescriptions which have been clinically used for more than 5 centuries and appropriately modified through basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine for treating various skin inflammation such as atopic dermatitis (AD), acute de...
journal_title:Journal of ethnopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jep.2020.113773
更新日期:2020-12-31 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of Cordyceps cicadae extracted fractions on human mononuclear cells (HMNC) proliferation were determined by tritiated thymidine uptake. The results indicated that aqueous methanol (50%) extracts of C. cicadae ascocarps portion (CC-1-2) enhanced HMNC proliferation activated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) wit...
journal_title:Journal of ethnopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0378-8741(02)00212-x
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE:Usnic acid (UA) is one of the well-known lichen metabolites that induces liver injury. It is mainly extracted from Usnea longissima and U. diffracta in China or from other lichens in other countries. U. longissima has been used as traditional Chinese medicine for treatment of cough, pain,...
journal_title:Journal of ethnopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jep.2021.113873
更新日期:2021-01-21 00:00:00
abstract::Gastric administration of encapsuled garlic powder to anaesthetized dogs induced dose-dependent (2.5 to 15 mg/kg) natriuretic and diuretic responses which reached maximum 30-40 min after garlic administration and decreased to basal levels after 100-150 min. A simultaneous decrease in arterial blood pressure was observ...
journal_title:Journal of ethnopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-8741(91)90018-9
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The botanical remedies reported in Heyne's De Nuttige Planten van Nederlandsch-Indië (Volumes 1--IV, 1913--1922) have been screened out of economic botanical context, translated into English and summarized as a table of names, therapeutic indications, plant parts, and available details of preparation and use. ...
journal_title:Journal of ethnopharmacology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-8741(83)90016-8
更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00