Abstract:
:Ruminococcus albus 8 is a specialist plant cell wall degrading ruminal bacterium capable of utilizing hemicellulose and cellulose. Cellulose degradation requires a suite of enzymes including endoglucanases, exoglucanases, and β-glucosidases. The enzymes employed by R. albus 8 in degrading cellulose are yet to be completely elucidated. Through bioinformatic analysis of a draft genome sequence of R. albus 8, seventeen putatively cellulolytic genes were identified. The genes were heterologously expressed in E. coli, and purified to near homogeneity. On biochemical analysis with cellulosic substrates, seven of the gene products (Ra0185, Ra0259, Ra0325, Ra0903, Ra1831, Ra2461, and Ra2535) were identified as endoglucanases, releasing predominantly cellobiose and cellotriose. Each of the R. albus 8 endoglucanases, except for Ra0259 and Ra0325, bound to the model crystalline cellulose Avicel, confirming functional carbohydrate binding modules (CBMs). The polypeptides for Ra1831 and Ra2535 were found to contain distantly related homologs of CBM65. Mutational analysis of residues within the CBM65 of Ra1831 identified key residues required for binding. Phylogenetic analysis of the endoglucanases revealed three distinct subfamilies of glycoside hydrolase family 5 (GH5). Our results demonstrate that this fibrolytic bacterium uses diverse GH5 catalytic domains appended with different CBMs, including novel forms of CBM65, to degrade cellulose.
journal_name
Sci Repjournal_title
Scientific reportsauthors
Iakiviak M,Devendran S,Skorupski A,Moon YH,Mackie RI,Cann Idoi
10.1038/srep29979subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-07-21 00:00:00pages
29979issn
2045-2322pii
srep29979journal_volume
6pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The zebrafish has the capacity to regenerate its heart after severe injury. While the function of a few genes during this process has been studied, we are far from fully understanding how genes interact to coordinate heart regeneration. To enable systematic insights into this phenomenon, we generated and integrated a ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep26822
更新日期:2016-05-31 00:00:00
abstract::Excess alcohol use is known to promote development of aggressive tumors in various tissues in human patients, but the cause of alcohol promotion of tumor aggressiveness is not clearly understood. We used an animals model of fetal alcohol exposure that is known to promote tumor development and determined if alcohol pro...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-25785-y
更新日期:2018-05-16 00:00:00
abstract::Natural history collections are often plagued by missing or inaccurate metadata for collection items, particularly for specimens that are difficult to verify or rare. Avian eggshell in particular can be challenging to identify due to extensive morphological ambiguity among taxa. Species identifications can be improved...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-79852-4
更新日期:2021-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Campylobacter hyointestinalis is a member of an emerging group of zoonotic Campylobacter spp. that are increasingly identified in both gastric and non-gastric disease in humans. Here, we discovered C. hyointestinalis in three separate classes of New Zealand ruminant livestock; cattle, sheep and deer. To investigate th...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-20889-x
更新日期:2018-02-05 00:00:00
abstract::Microtus fortis exhibits natural resistance against Schistosoma japonicum, and the parasite cannot grow and develop in M. fortis. Extensive research has been carried out, however, the associated mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, we analysed the combined data obtained from a cytokine chip assay, transcri...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-11532-2
更新日期:2017-09-12 00:00:00
abstract::As part of an ongoing study of new insulin mimetic agents from medicinal plants, the 70% EtOH extract of Symplocos cochinchinensis was found to have a stimulatory effect on glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocyte cells. The intensive targeted isolation of this active extract resulted in ten new hydroxyoleoside-type compoun...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-38013-4
更新日期:2019-02-19 00:00:00
abstract::The auditory steady-state response (ASSR) has been used to detect auditory processing deficits in patients with psychiatric disorders. However, the methodology of ASSR recording from the brain surface has not been standardized in preclinical studies, limiting its use as a translational biomarker. The sites of maximal ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-44936-3
更新日期:2019-06-11 00:00:00
abstract::The MEN1 gene, which encodes the protein Menin, was investigated for its regulatory role in milk protein synthesis in mammary glands. Menin responds to nutrient and hormone levels via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Bovine mammary epithelial cells and tissues were used as experimental models in this study. The results reve...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-06054-w
更新日期:2017-07-14 00:00:00
abstract::Achieving 180° magnetization reversal with an electric field rather than a current or magnetic field is a fundamental challenge and represents a technological breakthrough towards new memory cell designs. Here we propose a mesoscale morphological engineering approach to accomplishing full 180° magnetization reversals ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep07507
更新日期:2014-12-16 00:00:00
abstract::Stable electroluminescence from micro-pixelated light-emitting diode (μLED) occurs when electrons and holes are continuously injected from external electrodes. Different from the general recognition, in this work, μLED works in an operation mode, namely, non-electrical contact and non-carrier injection mode, and can b...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-65092-z
更新日期:2020-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::The efficacy and safety of misoprostol alone for missed abortion varied with different regimens. To evaluate existing evidence for the medical management of missed abortion using misoprostol, we undertook a comprehensive review and meta-analysis. The electronic literature search was conducted using PubMed, the Cochran...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-01892-0
更新日期:2017-05-10 00:00:00
abstract::Ubiquitous in nature, polyamines (PAs) are a class of low-molecular aliphatic amines critically involved in cell growth, survival and differentiation. The polycation behavior is validated as a successful strategy in delivery systems to enhance oligonucleotide loading and cellular uptake. In this study, the chemical fe...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-77957-4
更新日期:2020-12-03 00:00:00
abstract::All models of evolution of human behaviour depend on the correct identification and interpretation of bone surface modifications (BSM) on archaeofaunal assemblages. Crucial evolutionary features, such as the origin of stone tool use, meat-eating, food-sharing, cooperation and sociality can only be addressed through co...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-24071-1
更新日期:2018-04-10 00:00:00
abstract::Growing evidence indicates that nomogram combined with the biomarkers of systemic inflammation response could provide more accurate prediction than conventional staging systems in tumors. This study aimed to establish an effective prognostic nomogram for resectable thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) ba...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep18811
更新日期:2015-12-22 00:00:00
abstract::Apolipoprotein E4 (E4) and type 2 diabetes are major risk factors for cognitive decline and late onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). E4-associated phenotypes and insulin resistance (IR) share several features and appear to interact in driving cognitive dysfunction. However, shared mechanisms that could explain their overl...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep43701
更新日期:2017-03-08 00:00:00
abstract::The morphology of hexagonal phase NaYF4:Er(3+) nanorods synthesized by hydrothermal method changed greatly after a continuing calcination, along with a phase transformation to cubic phase. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra indicated that mid-infrared (MIR) emission was obtained in both hexagonal and cubic phase NaYF4:Er(...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep29871
更新日期:2016-07-25 00:00:00
abstract::Wetting failure is of vital importance to many physical phenomena, such as industrial coating and drop emission. Here we show when and how the surface roughness promotes the destabilization of a moving contact line on a hydrophilic surface. Beyond the balance of the driving force and viscous resistance where a stable ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep05376
更新日期:2014-06-20 00:00:00
abstract::Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common complex disease caused by the combination of genetic variants and environmental factors. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been performed and reported some novel CRC susceptibility variants. However, the potential genetic mechanisms for newly identified CRC susceptibility ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep25347
更新日期:2016-05-05 00:00:00
abstract::In this study we describe a new methodology to physically probe individual complexes formed between proteins and DNA. By combining nanoscale, high speed physical force measurement with sensitive fluorescence imaging we investigate the complex formed between the prokaryotic DNA repair protein UvrA2 and DNA. This approa...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep18486
更新日期:2015-12-22 00:00:00
abstract::Photonic structure designs based on optimization algorithms provide superior properties compared to those using intuition-based approaches. In the present study, we numerically and experimentally demonstrate subwavelength focusing of light using wavelength scale absorption-free dielectric scattering objects embedded i...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep30871
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Therizinosaurian theropods evolved many highly specialized osteological features in association with their bulky proportions, which were unusual in the context of the generally gracile Theropoda. Here we report a new therizinosaur, Lingyuanosaurus sihedangensis gen. et sp. nov., based on a specimen recovered from the ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-41560-z
更新日期:2019-03-22 00:00:00
abstract::Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are implicated in aging-related neurodegenerative disorders. 8-Oxoguanine (8-oxoG), a common oxidised base lesion, is often highly accumulated in brains from patients with neurodegenerative disorders. MTH1 hydrolyses 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine triphosphate (8-oxo-dGTP) to 8-...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep22086
更新日期:2016-02-25 00:00:00
abstract::A correction has been published and is appended to both the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper. ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-37591-7
更新日期:2019-01-22 00:00:00
abstract::This study proposes a new method of visualizing the ambient dose rate distribution using artificial neural networks (ANNs) from airborne radiation monitoring results. The method was applied to the results of the airborne radiation monitoring which was conducted around the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant by an un...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-021-81546-4
更新日期:2021-01-20 00:00:00
abstract::8-band k · p Hamiltonian together with envelope function approximation and planewave expansion method are applied to calculate the electronic band structure and material gain for Ge1-wSnw/SiyGe1-x-ySnx/Ge1-wSnw quantum wells (QWs) grown on virtual Ge1-zSnz substrates integrated with Si platform. It is clearly shown ho...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-40146-z
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to use functional neuroimaging to investigate whether oxytocin modulates the neural response to visual food cues in brain regions involved in the control of food intake. Twenty-four normal weight volunteers received intranasal oxytocin (24 IU) or placebo in a double-blind, randomized crossove...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-04600-0
更新日期:2017-06-27 00:00:00
abstract::Specific HPV genotypes have been recognized as risk factors inducing head and neck cancers (HNC). The aim of this study was to validate a real-time PCR assay to detect accurately High Risk HPV DNA in Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded (FFPE) and oral cytobrush samples and compare the results with conventional PCR. Repea...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-29790-z
更新日期:2018-07-27 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding the complex architecture, connectivity, and pathology of the human brain is a major application of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, the cellular basis of MR signal is still poorly understood. The advent of MR microscopy (MRM) enables imaging biological samples at cellular resolution, helping to...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep08920
更新日期:2015-03-10 00:00:00
abstract::The regional and international trade of live animals facilitates the movement, spillover, and emergence of zoonotic and epizootic pathogens around the world. Detecting pathogens in trade is critical for preventing their continued movement and introduction, but screening a sufficient fraction to ensure rare infections ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-66280-7
更新日期:2020-06-24 00:00:00
abstract::Postsynaptic density-95/Discs large/Zonula occludens-1 (PDZ) domain-mediated protein interactions play pivotal roles in various molecular biological events, including protein localisation, assembly, and signal transduction. Although the vertebrate regulator of planar cell polarity Van Gogh-like 2 (Vangl2) was recently...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep12916
更新日期:2015-08-10 00:00:00