Abstract：
:Arsenic contamination of drinking water is a matter of global concern. Arsenic intake impairs immune responses and leads to a variety of pathological conditions including cancer. In order to understand the intricate tuning of immune responses elicited by chronic exposure to arsenic, a mouse model was established by subjecting mice to different environmentally relevant concentrations of arsenic in drinking water for 30days. Detailed study of the thymus, a primary immune organ, revealed arsenic-mediated tissue damage in both histological specimens and scanning electron micrographs. Analysis of molecular markers of apoptosis by Western blot revealed a dose-dependent activation of the apoptotic cascade. Enzymatic assays supported oxidative stress as an instigator of cell death. Interestingly, assessment of inflammatory responses revealed disparity in the NF-κB/IL-6/STAT3 axis, where it was found that in animals consuming higher amounts of arsenic NF-κB activation did not lead to the classical IL-6 upregulation response. This deviation from the canonical pathway was accompanied with a significant rise in numbers of CD4+ CD25+ FoxP3 expressing cells in the thymus. The cytokine profile of the animals exposed to higher doses of arsenic also indicated an immune-suppressed milieu, thus validating that arsenic shapes the immune environment in context to its dose of exposure and that at higher doses it leads to immune-suppression. Our study establishes a novel role of arsenic in regulating immune homeostasis in context to its dose, where, at higher doses, arsenic related upregulation of NF-κB cascade takes on an alternative role that is correlated with increased immune-suppression.
journal_name
Toxicologyjournal_title
Toxicologyauthors
Choudhury S,Gupta P,Ghosh S,Mukherjee S,Chakraborty P,Chatterji U,Chattopadhyay Sdoi
10.1016/j.tox.2016.06.005subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-05-16 00:00:00pages
85-96eissn
0300-483Xissn
1879-3185pii
S0300-483X(16)30094-4journal_volume
357-358pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
TOXICOLOGY文献大全abstract：:Ethyl tertiary butyl ether (ETBE) is biofuel additive recently used in Japan and some other countries. Limited evidence shows that ETBE has low toxicity. Acetaldehyde (AA), however, as one primary metabolite of ETBE, is clearly genotoxic and has been considered to be a potential carcinogen. The aim of this study was t...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2013.06.005
更新日期：2013-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The ability of chromium (Cr) salts to increase metallothionein (MT) levels in rat liver, kidney and pancreas, and its relationship with the presence of toxic effects are reported here. Rats were injected subcutaneously with 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, or 50 mg K2Cr2O7/kg and sacrificed 24 h later. Total Cr accumulation followe...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0300-483x(99)00130-4
更新日期：2000-01-03 00:00:00
abstract：:LoVo adenocarcinoma cells are fairly sensitive to cytostatic drugs, e.g. doxorubicin, but can develop drug resistance by expression of a P-glycoprotein-mediated MDR1 phenotype. LoVo cells respond with apoptosis to nanomolar concentrations of okadaic acid and micromolar concentrations of cantharidic acid. Interestingly...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0300-483x(99)00017-7
更新日期：1999-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Benzene, an important industrial solvent, is also present in unleaded gasoline and cigarette smoke. The hematotoxic effects of benzene in humans are well documented and include aplastic anemia and pancytopenia, and acute myelogenous leukemia. A combination of metabolites (hydroquinone and phenol for example) is appare...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0300-483x(95)03217-4
更新日期：1995-12-28 00:00:00
abstract：:As vaccines are undoubtedly classified as pharmaceuticals, they have to be submitted to strict non-clinical safety evaluation. The context of their prophylactic use requires that every effort is made to ensure their safe use. Their safety evaluation is complex as they act through a multistage mechanism in which the va...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0300-483x(02)00055-0
更新日期：2002-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The safety of an açai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) pulp enriched fruit and berry juice, MonaVie Active®, fortified with the functional ingredient, glucosamine, was studied. The beverage was found not to be mutagenic, clastogenic, cytotoxic, or genotoxic, as determined by the bacterial reverse mutation assay, chromosomal a...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2010.04.017
更新日期：2010-11-28 00:00:00
abstract：:The potential of single, toxic doses of fenitrothion (O,O-dimethyl O-(4-nitro-m-tolyl)phosphorothioate) to elicit delayed neurotoxicity in the adult White Leghorn hen was compared to the effects produced following similar treatment with the known neurotoxin, tri-o-tolyl phosphate (TOTP). Hens (2.0-2.5 kg body wt) rece...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0300-483x(86)90185-x
更新日期：1986-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Arsenic and cadmium are both priority hazardous substances and human carcinogens. Although there is the potential for simultaneous exposure to both metals, the interactions of cadmium and arsenic are not well defined. We examined the toxicity of these metals when given alone or in alternating sequence to adult male Fi...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0300-483x(96)03536-6
更新日期：1997-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:No clinical data are available on the acute cutaneous toxicity of spin traps which are frequently used in combination with the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) technique for detection of free radicals and reactive oxygen/nitrogen species. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the acute dermatotoxicity of the ...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0300-483x(00)00284-5
更新日期：2000-10-26 00:00:00
abstract：:Metabonomics involves the application of advanced analytical tools to profile the diverse metabolic complement of a given biofluid or tissue. Subsequent statistical modelling of the complex multivariate spectral profiles enables discrimination between phenotypes of interest and identifies panels of discriminatory meta...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2010.07.022
更新日期：2010-12-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a cellular process during which epithelial polarized cells become motile mesenchymal-appearing cells, which in turn promotes carcinoma invasion and metastasis. Resveratrol (trans-3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene) is a natural polyphenolic compound found in grapes, red wine and se...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2012.09.017
更新日期：2013-01-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Utah Valley has provided an interesting and unique opportunity to evaluate the health effects of respirable particulate air pollution (PM10). Residents of this valley are predominantly nonsmoking members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormons). The area has moderately high average PM10 levels with...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0300-483x(96)03372-0
更新日期：1996-07-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Both catecholamine (CA) released from adrenal chromaffin cells and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) have been shown to play critical roles in the regulation of hypoxic stress response. Our previous study has demonstrated that exogenous H2S directly induced quantal CA released from adult rat adrenal chromaffin cells (ARACCs) by ...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2013.06.014
更新日期：2013-10-04 00:00:00
abstract：:NLRC5, a newly found member of the NLR family and the largest member of nucleotide-binding, has been reported to regulate immune responses and is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We investigated the mechanisms and signaling pathways of NLRC5 in HCC progression. Increased expression of NLRC5, vascular en...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2016.06.012
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chemical carcinogens are generally classified as genotoxic or non-genotoxic. However, weak genotoxicity at high concentrations is sometimes observed and interpretation is often problematic. In addition, certain rodent carcinogens exert their effects at doses associated with cytotoxicity and compensatory hyperplasia ma...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0300-483x(03)00058-1
更新日期：2003-05-03 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous reports from this laboratory have established the propensity of chlordecone to potentiate the hepatotoxicity and lethality in male and female rats. The present study was designed to investigate the hepatotoxicity of CCl4 in chlordecone (CD) pretreated, ovariectomized rats. Ten days after bilateral ovariectomy...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0300-483x(84)90163-x
更新日期：1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this report the neurotoxicity of aspartame and its constituent amino acids aspartic acid and phenylalanine is reviewed. The adverse reactions ascribed to the consumption of aspartame-containing products, as reported in the U.S.A., are discussed and placed in perspective with the results of recent behavioural studie...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0300-483x(88)90117-5
更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The possibility that nitrofurantoin is a complete carcinogen or is an initiator or promoter of urinary bladder carcinogenesis was evaluated in male weanling F344 rats. No increase in tumor incidence was observed in rats fed nitrofurantoin at a level of 0.187% of the diet for 2 years compared to a control group. Also, ...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0300-483x(90)90056-m
更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rats which were treated intraperitoneally (i.p.) with FeCl2 X 4H2O expired ethane which increased with increasing doses of iron. The same amount of ethane was expired by animals exposed to 20% or 100% oxygen. The mobilization by FeCl2 of stored ethane from the body was excluded. Propane expiration was also stimulated ...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0300-483x(83)90103-8
更新日期：1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fenvalerate is a widely used synthetic pyrethroid insecticide and is reported to disrupt reproductive function in humans and animals. However, little is known about its influence on follicular development. In this study, rat preantral follicles were primary cultured to investigate the effects of fenvalerate on follicu...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2009.10.022
更新日期：2010-01-12 00:00:00
abstract：:Formaldehyde (FA) is an important substance that induces sick house syndrome and diseases, such as asthma and allergies. Oxidative stress is involved in the development of respiratory disease, and diverse antioxidants may protect respiratory tract cells from apoptosis. Peroxiredoxin is a pivotal endogenous antioxidant...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2010.03.011
更新日期：2010-05-27 00:00:00
abstract：:In a Japanese chemical factory, a lung disease like pneumoconiosis appeared at a high rate among workers handling cross-linked water-soluble acrylic acid polymer (CWAAP). To our knowledge, no such case was known in the world until very recently. The present study was designed to elucidate the effect of single intratra...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2020.152647
更新日期：2021-01-30 00:00:00
abstract：:The action of various manganese organic compounds, which are structural analogs of methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT), was investigated. Only the cyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl compounds are effective inhibitors of mitochondrial respiration, but only when associated with NAD+-linked substrates....
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0300-483x(77)90001-4
更新日期：1977-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Trichloroethylene (TCE) produced bronchiolar damage when administered to mice. Administration of 2000 mg/kg caused injury in Clara cells of the bronchiolar epithelium, which was observed at 24 h following TCE treatment; increase of the dosage to 2500 mg/kg induced additionally, alterations in alveolar Type II cells of...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0300-483x(85)90028-9
更新日期：1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The rodent Hershberger assay has been used predominantly by the pharmaceutical industry to evaluate androgenic and antiandrogenic chemicals for potential therapeutic use. However, this assay has not yet been formally validated and standardized for use in toxicology testing. There are many variations in the protocol us...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0300-483x(01)00361-4
更新日期：2001-05-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Bisphenol A (BPA), one of the most prevalent chemicals for daily use, has been reported as a xenoestrogen to induce reproductive toxicity, but its mechanism is poorly understood. In the present study, we aimed to explore whether CaM-CaMKII-ERK1/2 signaling pathway was involved in BPA-induced Sertoli cells injury via t...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2014.06.001
更新日期：2014-10-03 00:00:00
abstract：:We have found that incubation of heparin plasma with Ni(2+) or Co(2+) at concentrations below 100 microM can stimulate the conversion of complement factor C3 to C3b faster than magnesium, which is the natural cofactor in the alternative complement activation. This conversion was monitored by light absorbance measureme...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0300-483x(02)00590-5
更新日期：2003-03-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Synthetic pyrethroids are one of the most frequently and widely used class of insecticides, primarily because they have a higher insect to mammalian toxicity ratio than organochlorines or organophosphates. The basic structure of pyrethroids can be characterized as an acid joined to an alcohol by an ester bond. Pyrethr...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2009.10.003
更新日期：2010-01-12 00:00:00
abstract：:Heavy metal environmental pollutants increase susceptibility of affected individuals to bacterial and viral infections, but the mechanisms responsible for this effect are not known. We established cellular in vitro systems to identify molecular targets for the action of heavy metal ions. We used two model systems to d...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0300-483x(01)00483-8
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Testicular injury is often observed in drug development. Serum hormones are usually used as noninvasive biomarkers for testicular injury; however, their sensitivities are low. Therefore, it is difficult to monitor testicular injury in drug development. In recent years, molecules in body fluid exosomes have attracted a...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2020.152490
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
