Abstract:
:Acute pyelonephritis is an infection of the renal parenchyma and renal pelvis. When it is caused by a typical pathogen in an immunocompetent female patient with normal urinary tract, it is considered uncomplicated. In all other cases, sepsis is the most worrisome complication. In the event of sepsis, patients should be hospitalized and treated aggressively with antibiotics, intravenous fluids and agents that enhance the immune response of the host. In this review, we summarize findings from immunomodulatory interventions in experimental studies of acute pyelonephritis and the application of these interventions into clinical practice. Vaccine against bacterial virulence factors and agents aiming to modulate the immune response of the host belong to these interventions and they are discussed.
journal_name
Immunotherapyjournal_title
Immunotherapyauthors
Tsaganos T,Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJdoi
10.2217/imt.15.98subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-01-01 00:00:00pages
89-96issue
1eissn
1750-743Xissn
1750-7448journal_volume
8pub_type
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