Primer retention owing to the absence of RNase H1 is catastrophic for mitochondrial DNA replication.

abstract：:Kinetic analysis of the in vitro reconstitution of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase [D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate:NAD+ oxidoreductase (phosphorylating), EC 1.2.1.12] from yeast showed that both oxidized and reduced coenzyme enhance the transconformation reaction, which is rate limiting in the sequential foldin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jaenicke R,Krebs H,Rudolph R,Woenckhaus C

更新日期：1980-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An ability to safely harness the powerful regenerative potential of adult stem cells for clinical applications is critically dependent on a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms regulating their activity. Epithelial organoid cultures accurately recapitulate many features of in vivo stem cell-driven ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Murakami K,Terakado Y,Saito K,Jomen Y,Takeda H,Oshima M,Barker N

更新日期：2021-01-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Mapping posttranslational modifications (PTMs), which diversely modulate biological functions, represents a significant analytical challenge. The centerpiece technology for PTM site identification, mass spectrometry (MS), requires proteolytic cleavage in the vicinity of a PTM to yield peptides for sequencing. This req...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tran DT,Cavett VJ,Dang VQ,Torres HL,Paegel BM

更新日期：2016-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Down-regulation of mitogenic signaling in mammalian cells relies in part on endosomal trafficking of activated receptors into lysosomes, where the receptors are degraded. These events are mediated by ubiquitination of the endosomal cargo and its consequent sorting into multivesicular bodies that form at the surfaces o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lu Q,Hope LW,Brasch M,Reinhard C,Cohen SN

更新日期：2003-06-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The Na(+)/I(-) symporter (NIS) is a key plasma membrane protein that mediates active I(-) uptake in the thyroid, lactating breast, and other tissues with an electrogenic stoichiometry of 2 Na(+) per I(-). In the thyroid, NIS-mediated I(-) uptake is the first step in the biosynthesis of the iodine-containing thyroid ho...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dohán O,Portulano C,Basquin C,Reyna-Neyra A,Amzel LM,Carrasco N

更新日期：2007-12-18 00:00:00

abstract：:African trypanosomes are protected by a densely packed surface monolayer of variant surface glycoprotein (VSG). A haptoglobin-hemoglobin receptor (HpHbR) within this VSG coat mediates heme acquisition. HpHbR is also exploited by the human host to mediate endocytosis of trypanolytic factor (TLF)1 from serum, contributi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Higgins MK,Tkachenko O,Brown A,Reed J,Raper J,Carrington M

更新日期：2013-01-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The regulatory mechanisms that use signals of low levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) could be obscured by ROS produced under stress and thus are better investigated under homeostatic conditions. Previous studies showed that the chloroplastic atypical thioredoxin ACHT1 is oxidized by 2-Cys peroxiredoxin (2-Cys Prx...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Eliyahu E,Rog I,Inbal D,Danon A

更新日期：2015-10-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Convergent evidence has revealed an association between insulin resistance and Alzheimer's disease (AD), and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) agonist, rosiglitazone, an insulin sensitizer and mitochondrial activator, improves cognition in patients with early or mild-to-moderate AD. Apo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Brodbeck J,Balestra ME,Saunders AM,Roses AD,Mahley RW,Huang Y

更新日期：2008-01-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Contingency models of feeding compare the energy per unit time gained from utilizing a resource unit of a particular kind (food types, habitat patches, time periods) against that energy/time expected if the unit is skipped. Optimally, an animal should reject the particular unit if and only if the former energy/time is...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schoener TW

更新日期：1974-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In many naturally occurring habitats, bacteria live in micrometer-size confined spaces. Although bacterial growth and motility in such constrictions is of great interest to fields as varied as soil microbiology, water purification, and biomedical research, quantitative studies of the effects of confinement on bacteria...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Männik J,Driessen R,Galajda P,Keymer JE,Dekker C

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The cytoplasmic Myc protein (c-Myc) regulates various human genes and is dysregulated in many human cancers. Phosphorylation mediates the protein activation of c-Myc and is essential for the function of this transcription factor in normal cell behavior and tumor growth. To date, however, the targeting of Myc as a ther...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fan-Minogue H,Cao Z,Paulmurugan R,Chan CT,Massoud TF,Felsher DW,Gambhir SS

更新日期：2010-09-07 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the possible relationship between the susceptibility of cells to differentiation induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and the subcellular translocation of calcium- and phospholipid-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase C) activity from the cytosol to the membrane. These two events were a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Homma Y,Henning-Chubb CB,Huberman E

更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Whole human blood was examined by (31)P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Individual phosphates (alpha,beta,gamma) of ATP were identifiable, and two microenvironments appeared to be present for this molecule. When sequential recordings of freshly collected blood were made, 2,3-diphosphoglycerate was observed to...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Henderson TO,Costello AJ,Omachi A

更新日期：1974-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Initiation and control of replication of the broad-host-range plasmid RK2 requires two plasmid-encoded elements, the replication origin (oriV) and the initiation protein TrfA. Purified TrfA is largely in the form of a dimer; however, only the monomeric form of the protein can bind specifically to the direct repeats (i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Konieczny I,Helinski DR

更新日期：1997-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：:An isoform of the mammalian renal type II Na/Pi-cotransporter is described. Homology of this isoform to described mammalian and nonmammalian type II cotransporters is between 57 and 75%. Based on major diversities at the C terminus, the new isoform is designed as type IIb Na/Pi-cotransporter. Na/Pi-cotransport mediate...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hilfiker H,Hattenhauer O,Traebert M,Forster I,Murer H,Biber J

更新日期：1998-11-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of the serum proteolytic system plasminogen/plasminogen activator as a biochemical tool used by the glia or neurons, or both, for maintaining their temporary and flexible cellular interactions during histogenesis of the nervous system is under study. The present report identifies a glia cell type, the Schwann...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kalderon N

更新日期：1984-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bones of the flightless sea duck (Chendytes lawi) from 14 archaeological sites along the California coast indicate that humans hunted the species for at least 8,000 years before it was driven to extinction. Direct (14)C dates on Chendytes bones show that the duck was exploited on the southern California islands as ear...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jones TL,Porcasi JF,Erlandson JM,Dallas H Jr,Wake TA,Schwaderer R

更新日期：2008-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The crystal structure of Escherichia coli ornithine transcarbamoylase (OTCase, EC 2.1.3.3) complexed with the bisubstrate analog N-(phosphonacetyl)-L-ornithine (PALO) has been determined at 2.8-A resolution. This research on the structure of a transcarbamoylase catalytic trimer with a substrate analog bound provides n...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ha Y,McCann MT,Tuchman M,Allewell NM

更新日期：1997-09-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous work has shown that serotonin induces an increase in membrane K+ conductance in Aplysia neuron R15 and that this response is mediated by cAMP. The present study examines the role of protein phosphorylation in the response to serotonin. A specific inhibitor of cAMP-dependent protein kinase was injected intrace...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Adams WB,Levitan IB

更新日期：1982-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inflammatory diseases are characterized by dysregulated cytokine production. Altered functions for most risk loci, including the inflammatory bowel disease and leprosy-associated tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 15 (TNFSF15) region, are unclear. Regulation of pattern-recognition-receptor (PRR)-induced s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hedl M,Abraham C

更新日期：2014-09-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Ultraviolet irradiation of the [3H]colchicine-tubulin complex leads to direct photolabeling of tubulin with low but practicable efficiency. The bulk (70% to greater than 90%) of the labeling occurs on beta-tubulin and appears early after irradiation, whereas alpha-tubulin is labeled later. The labeling ratio of beta-t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wolff J,Knipling L,Cahnmann HJ,Palumbo G

更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The rise of peptides with secondary structures and functions would have been a key step in the chemical evolution which led to life. As with modern biology, amino acid sequence would have been a primary determinant of peptide structure and activity in an origins-of-life scenario. It is a commonly held hypothesis that ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Forsythe JG,Petrov AS,Millar WC,Yu SS,Krishnamurthy R,Grover MA,Hud NV,Fernández FM

更新日期：2017-09-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The ras oncogene products require membrane localization for their function, and this is thought to be accomplished by the addition of a palmitoyl group to a cysteine residue near the carboxyl terminus of the nascent chain. A lipidated carboxyl-terminal cysteine residue is also found in sequence-related yeast sex facto...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Clarke S,Vogel JP,Deschenes RJ,Stock J

更新日期：1988-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have isolated a cold-sensitive mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in which there is a deficit of 60S ribosomal subunits. Cold sensitivity and the assembly defect are recessive and cosegregate, defining a single essential gene that we designated DRS1 (deficiency of ribosomal subunits). The wild-type DRS1 gene was cl...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ripmaster TL,Vaughn GP,Woolford JL Jr

更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Circular dichroism (CD) and magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectra of nitrogenase components (MoFe protein and Fe protein) from Azotobacter vinelandii (Av) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kp) have been obtained in the near infrared-visible-near ultraviolet spectral region. Previously, visible CD was reported to be absen...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Stephens PJ,McKenna CE,Smith BE,Nguyen HT,McKenna MC,Thomson AJ,Devlin F,Jones JB

更新日期：1979-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite advances in resolution accompanying the development of high-field superconducting magnets, biomolecular applications of NMR require multiple dimensions in order to resolve individual resonances, and the achievable resolution is typically limited by practical constraints on measuring time. In addition to the ne...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Maciejewski MW,Fenwick M,Schuyler AD,Stern AS,Gorbatyuk V,Hoch JC

更新日期：2011-10-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The extensive refolding of the membrane-anchoring chain of hemagglutinin (HA) of influenza virus (termed HA2) in cellular endosomes, which initiates viral entry by membrane fusion, suggests that viral HA is meta-stable. HA2 polypeptide residues 38-175 expressed in Escherichia coli are reported here to fold in vivo int...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chen J,Wharton SA,Weissenhorn W,Calder LJ,Hughson FM,Skehel JJ,Wiley DC

更新日期：1995-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Many of the world's around 6,000 languages are in danger of disappearing as people give up use of a minority language in favor of the majority language in a process called language shift. Language shift can be monitored on a large scale through the use of mathematical models by way of differential equations, for examp...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Prochazka K,Vogl G

更新日期：2017-04-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Estradiol-17beta administration to young (10- to 12-week-old) rabbits to produce the "estrogen-dominated" uterus increased the uterine contractile response to both oxytocin and methacholine in vitro. In "progesterone-dominated" uteri, obtained from rabbits that received progesterone for 4 days after estrogen pretreatm...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nissenson R,Fluoret G,Hechter O

更新日期：1978-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:HetR is an essential regulator of heterocyst development in cyanobacteria. Many mutations in HetR render Anabaena incapable of nitrogen fixation. The protein binds to a DNA palindrome upstream of hetP and other genes. We have determined the crystal structures of HetR complexed with palindromic DNA targets, 21, 23, and...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kim Y,Ye Z,Joachimiak G,Videau P,Young J,Hurd K,Callahan SM,Gornicki P,Zhao J,Haselkorn R,Joachimiak A

更新日期：2013-05-07 00:00:00