The replication initiation protein of the broad-host-range plasmid RK2 is activated by the ClpX chaperone.

abstract：:A human Burkitt lymphoma cell line, Raji-HN2, made 10-fold more resistant to nitrogen mustard (HN2) than the parental Raji cell line, exhibited the following characteristics when compared to the parental Raji cells: (i) decreased HN2-induced DNA interstrand crosslinking; (ii) increased (3-fold) DNA topoisomerase II [D...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tan KB,Mattern MR,Boyce RA,Schein PS

更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Loss-of-function mutations in the regulatory gene areA of Aspergillus nidulans prevent the utilization of a wide variety of nitrogen sources. The phenotypes of nit-2 mutants of Neurospora crassa suggest that this gene may be analogous to the areA gene. Transformation has been used to introduce a plasmid containing the...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Davis MA,Hynes MJ

更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The covalent linkage of supramolecular monomers provides a powerful strategy for constructing dynamic polymeric materials whose properties can be readily tuned either by the selection of monomers or the choice of functional linkers. In this strategy, the stabilities of the supramolecular monomers and the reactions use...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang M,Li S,Yan X,Zhou Z,Saha ML,Wang YC,Stang PJ

更新日期：2016-10-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacteria in the human oral cavity often grow in an attached multispecies biofilm community. Members of this community display defined interactions that have an impact on the physiology of the individual and the group. Here, we show that during coculture growth with streptococci, the oral pathogen Aggregatibacter actin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ramsey MM,Whiteley M

更新日期：2009-02-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Metabolic engineering seeks to reprogram microbial cells to efficiently and sustainably produce value-added compounds. Since chemical production can be at odds with the cell's natural objectives, strategies have been developed to balance conflicting goals. For example, dynamic regulation modulates gene expression to f...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dinh CV,Prather KLJ

更新日期：2019-12-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent data indicate that sustained elevations in plasma insulin suppress the mRNA for IRS-2, a component of the insulin signaling pathway in liver, and that this deficiency contributes to hepatic insulin resistance and inappropriate gluconeogenesis. Here, we use nuclear run-on assays to show that insulin inhibits tra...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang J,Ou J,Bashmakov Y,Horton JD,Brown MS,Goldstein JL

更新日期：2001-03-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Identifying targets is critical for understanding the biological effects of microRNA (miRNA) expression. The challenge lies in characterizing the cohort of targets for a specific miRNA, especially when targets are being actively down-regulated in miRNA- RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC)-messengerRNA (mRNA) complexe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cambronne XA,Shen R,Auer PL,Goodman RH

更新日期：2012-12-11 00:00:00

abstract：:A diploid strain of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) was found to be heterozygous for two forms of the highly repetitious ribosomal DNA. These forms could be distinguished by the pattern of fragments produced after digestion with the site-specific restriction endonuclease EcoRI. The mode of inheritance of ribosomal DN...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Petes TD,Botstein D

更新日期：1977-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The G12 subfamily of heterotrimeric G proteins, comprised of the alpha-subunits Galpha12 and Galpha13, has been implicated as a signaling component in cellular processes ranging from cytoskeletal changes to cell growth and oncogenesis. In an attempt to elucidate specific roles of this subfamily in cell regulation, we ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Meigs TE,Fields TA,McKee DD,Casey PJ

更新日期：2001-01-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) proteins are Ca(2+)-regulated transcription factors that control gene expression in many cell types. NFAT proteins are heavily phosphorylated and reside in the cytoplasm of resting cells; when cells are stimulated by a rise in intracellular Ca(2+), NFAT proteins are dephospho...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sharma S,Findlay GM,Bandukwala HS,Oberdoerffer S,Baust B,Li Z,Schmidt V,Hogan PG,Sacks DB,Rao A

更新日期：2011-07-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Structure and function of p185neu receptor tyrosine kinase were found to be regulated in a cell cycle-dependent manner. In M phase, p185neu is hyperphosphorylated at serine and/or threonine residues. The phosphotyrosine [Tyr(P)] content of p185neu is at its highest level in G0/G1 phase, decreases through S and G2 phas...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kiyokawa N,Yan DH,Brown ME,Hung MC

更新日期：1995-02-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The phenotype and antigenic specificity of cells secreting interleukin (IL) 4, IL-6, and interferon gamma was studied in mice during primary and secondary immune responses. T lymphocytes were the major source of interferon gamma, whereas non-B/non-T cells were the dominant source of IL-4 and IL-6 in the spleens of imm...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Aoki I,Kinzer C,Shirai A,Paul WE,Klinman DM

更新日期：1995-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：:3-Hydroxykynurenine (3-HK) is a tryptophan metabolite whose level in the brain is markedly elevated under several pathological conditions, including Huntington disease and human immunodeficiency virus infection. Here we demonstrate that micromolar concentrations (1-100 microM) of 3-HK cause cell death in primary neuro...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Okuda S,Nishiyama N,Saito H,Katsuki H

更新日期：1996-10-29 00:00:00

abstract：:We have examined the effects of a stromal cell-derived cytokine designated interleukin 11 (IL-11) on the proliferation of murine hemopoietic progenitors in methylcellulose culture. COS cell-conditioned medium containing IL-11 supported formation of granulocyte/macrophage colonies and a small number of multilineage col...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Musashi M,Yang YC,Paul SR,Clark SC,Sudo T,Ogawa M

更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Small RNAs (sRNAs) are hypothesized to contribute to hybrid vigor because they maintain genome integrity, contribute to genetic diversity, and control gene expression. We used Illumina sequencing to assess how sRNA populations vary between two maize inbred lines (B73 and Mo17) and their hybrid. We sampled sRNAs from t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Barber WT,Zhang W,Win H,Varala KK,Dorweiler JE,Hudson ME,Moose SP

更新日期：2012-06-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Efficient computation of geophysical turbulence, such as occurs in the atmosphere and ocean, is a formidable challenge for the following reasons: the complex combination of waves, jets, and vortices; significant energetic backscatter from unresolved small scales to resolved large scales; a lack of dynamical scale sepa...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Grooms I,Majda AJ

更新日期：2013-03-19 00:00:00

abstract：:We have studied hepatic uptake of chylomicron retinyl ester. Chylomicrons were obtained from intestinal lymph of rats that were given retinol in groundnut oil by intraduodenal injection. When lymph was injected intravenously into normal rats, the radioactivity was cleared from blood with t1/2 approximately equal to 10...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Blomhoff R,Helgerud P,Rasmussen M,Berg T,Norum KR

更新日期：1982-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The plasmid construct pSVO-CAT has been used to test adenovirus promoter activities in the unmethylated or methylated state. We have now observed that the E2A late promoter of adenovirus type 2 (Ad2) DNA also activated the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene upon transfection of the pAd2E2A-CAT construct into...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Langner KD,Weyer U,Doerfler W

更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mouse sperm receptor, a glycoprotein called ZP3, is synthesized and secreted by growing oocytes. It is present in more than a billion copies in the unfertilized egg's extracellular coat, or zona pellucida. We have cloned and characterized a region of the mouse (CD-1) genome that spans 10 kilobases of the ZP3 locus...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kinloch RA,Roller RJ,Fimiani CM,Wassarman DA,Wassarman PM

更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the traditional Z scheme of photosynthesis the Emerson effects of red drop (decline in yield of photosynthesis in far-red light) and enhancement (of far-red yield by supplementary short-wavelength light) are taken to be evidence for the coupling in series of two photosystems that absorb unsymmetrically in the far-r...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Warner JW,Berry RS

更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To generate transgenic planarians we used a set of versatile vectors for animal transgenesis based on the promiscuous transposons, mariner, Hermes and piggyBac, and a universal enhanced GFP (EGFP) marker system with three Pax6 dimeric binding sites, the 3xP3-EGFP developed by Berghammer et al. [Berghammer, A. J., Klin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： González-Estévez C,Momose T,Gehring WJ,Saló E

更新日期：2003-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The human gut is home to trillions of microbes, thousands of bacterial phylotypes, as well as hydrogen-consuming methanogenic archaea. Studies in gnotobiotic mice indicate that Methanobrevibacter smithii, the dominant archaeon in the human gut ecosystem, affects the specificity and efficiency of bacterial digestion of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Samuel BS,Hansen EE,Manchester JK,Coutinho PM,Henrissat B,Fulton R,Latreille P,Kim K,Wilson RK,Gordon JI

更新日期：2007-06-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) causes growth arrest in most cell types. TGF-beta induces hypophosphorylation of retinoblastoma susceptibility gene 1 product (RB), which sequesters E2F factors needed for progression into S phase of the cell cycle, thereby leading to cell cycle arrest at G1. It is possible, ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li JM,Hu PP,Shen X,Yu Y,Wang XF

更新日期：1997-05-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Synaptobrevin/vesicle-associated membrane protein (VAMP) and syntaxin are potential vesicle donor and target membrane receptors of a docking complex that requires N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor (NSF) and soluble NSF-attachment proteins as soluble factors for vesicle fusion with target membranes. Members of this doc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yamasaki S,Hu Y,Binz T,Kalkuhl A,Kurazono H,Tamura T,Jahn R,Kandel E,Niemann H

更新日期：1994-05-24 00:00:00

abstract：:A "supercooled" liquid develops when a fluid does not crystallize upon cooling below its ordering temperature. Instead, the microscopic relaxation times diverge so rapidly that, upon further cooling, equilibration eventually becomes impossible and glass formation occurs. Classic supercooled liquids exhibit specific id...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kassner ER,Eyvazov AB,Pichler B,Munsie TJ,Dabkowska HA,Luke GM,Davis JC

更新日期：2015-07-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Glands of the uterus are essential for pregnancy establishment. Forkhead box A2 (FOXA2) is expressed specifically in the glands of the uterus and a critical regulator of glandular epithelium (GE) differentiation, development, and function. Mice with a conditional deletion of FOXA2 in the adult uterus, created using th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dhakal P,Kelleher AM,Behura SK,Spencer TE

更新日期：2020-09-22 00:00:00

abstract：:We report on preparation of rhodopsin proteoliposomes with the cytoplasmic domain of rhodopsin facing the exterior of the proteoliposomes. Rhodopsin purified from rod outer segments of bovine retinae by immunoaffinity chromatography in octyl glucoside was reconstituted into liposomes prepared from soybean phospholipid...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Niu L,Kim JM,Khorana HG

更新日期：2002-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The cAMP receptor protein (CRP) of Escherichia coli needs cAMP for an allosteric change to regulate gene expression by binding to specific DNA sites. The hinge region connecting the DNA-binding domain to the cAMP-binding domain has been proposed to participate in the cAMP-induced allosteric change necessary to adjust ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ryu S,Kim J,Adhya S,Garges S

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A study was made of the effects of di- and trivalent cations on homomeric rho 1-type gamma-aminobutyrate (GABA rho 1) receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes after injection of mRNA coding for the GABA rho 1 subunit. GABA elicited large currents with a Kd approximately 1 microM. The properties of these GABA rho 1 recep...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Calvo DJ,Vazquez AE,Miledi R

更新日期：1994-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The lac operon of Escherichia coli spans approximately 5300 base pairs and includes the lacZ, lacY, and lacA genes in addition to the operator, promoter, and transcription termination regions. We report here the sequence of the lacA gene and the region distal to it, confirming the sequence of thiogalactoside transacet...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hediger MA,Johnson DF,Nierlich DP,Zabin I

更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00