The prokineticin receptor agonist Bv8 decreases IL-10 and IL-4 production in mice splenocytes by activating prokineticin receptor-1.

abstract：BACKGROUND:Adenoviral vectors have provided effective methods for in vivo gene delivery in therapeutic applications. However, these vectors can induce immune responses that may severely affect the ability of vector re-application. There is limited information about the mechanisms and signal transduction pathways involv...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Steinstraesser L,Sorkin M,Jacobsen F,Al-Benna S,Kesting MR,Niederbichler AD,Otte JM,Hirsch T,Stupka J,Steinau HU,Schulte M

更新日期：2011-01-21 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The adaptive immune system maintains a diversity of T cells capable of recognizing a broad array of antigens. Each T cell's specificity for antigens is determined by its T cell receptors (TCRs), which together across all T cells form a repertoire of millions of unique receptors in each individual. Although m...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Chu ND,Bi HS,Emerson RO,Sherwood AM,Birnbaum ME,Robins HS,Alm EJ

更新日期：2019-06-21 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Burkholderia pseudomallei is the causative agent for melioidosis. For many bacterial infections, cytokine dysregulation is one of the contributing factors to the severe clinical outcomes in the susceptible hosts. The C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice have been established as a differential model of susceptibility in m...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Koo GC,Gan YH

更新日期：2006-08-18 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In celiac disease gluten, the disease-inducing toxic component in wheat, induces the secretion of autoantibodies which are targeted against transglutaminase 2 (TG2). These autoantibodies are produced in the small-intestinal mucosa, where they can be found deposited extracellularly below the epithelial baseme...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Stenman SM,Lindfors K,Korponay-Szabo IR,Lohi O,Saavalainen P,Partanen J,Haimila K,Wieser H,Mäki M,Kaukinen K

更新日期：2008-02-29 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Vascular calcification is often associated with chronic inflammation and is a risk factor for brain arterial stiffness. Our previous results showed that miR32-5p was positively correlated with vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) calcification, but it is unclear whether miR32-5p promoted VSMC calcification by...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Cao J,Chen L,Zhong X,Shen Y,Gao Y,Chen Q,Zu X,Liu J

更新日期：2020-01-17 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:While tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) inhibitors (TNFi) and other biologics are very effective against autoimmune diseases, they can also cause infectious diseases. Therefore, it is important to clarify whether the TNFi sometimes used to treat patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) complicated with huma...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Fukui S,Nakamura H,Takahashi Y,Iwamoto N,Hasegawa H,Yanagihara K,Nakamura T,Okayama A,Kawakami A

更新日期：2017-02-03 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) plays a critical role in mediating inflammatory/immune responses against bacterial pathogens in lung. Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) and nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) were previously reported to synergize with each other to induce inflammatory responses. Desp...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Lim JH,Ha U,Sakai A,Woo CH,Kweon SM,Xu H,Li JD

更新日期：2008-07-29 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Macrophages are key players in the initiation, perpetuation and regulation of both innate and adaptive immune responses. They largely perform these roles through modulation of the expression of genes, especially those encoding cytokines. Murine bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDMs) are commonly used as a m...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Tanaka A,To J,O'Brien B,Donnelly S,Lund M

更新日期：2017-10-03 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Down syndrome (DS) is the most common syndromic immunodeficiency with an increased risk of infection, mortality from sepsis, and autoinflammation. Innate immune function is altered in DS and therefore we examined responses in CD11b and Toll like receptor 4 (TLR-4), which are important immune cell surface mar...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Huggard D,McGrane F,Lagan N,Roche E,Balfe J,Leahy TR,Franklin O,Moreno A,Melo AM,Doherty DG,Molloy EJ

更新日期：2018-11-03 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The role of M2 polarized macrophages (MΦ) during the allergic airway inflammation has been discussed in various animal models. However, their presence and relevance during the chronic and acute phase of allergic airway inflammation in humans has not been fully elucidated so far. In the present study we pheno...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Winkler C,Witte L,Moraw N,Faulenbach C,Müller M,Holz O,Schaumann F,Hohlfeld JM

更新日期：2014-03-10 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:T-cells extravasation and CNS parenchyma infiltration during autoimmune neurodegenerative disease can be evoked by local antigen presenting cells. Studying the chemoattracting potential of spinal perivascular macrophages (SPM) during experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE), we observed numerous infiltr...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Hofmann N,Lachnit N,Streppel M,Witter B,Neiss WF,Guntinas-Lichius O,Angelov DN

更新日期：2002-08-26 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Most in vivo studies that have addressed the role of actin dynamics in NADPH oxidase function in phagocytes have used toxins to modulate the polymerization state of actin and mostly effects on actin has been evaluated by end point measurements of filamentous actin, which says little about actin dynamics, and...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Rasmussen I,Pedersen LH,Byg L,Suzuki K,Sumimoto H,Vilhardt F

更新日期：2010-09-08 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:We have developed a 12-parameter/10-color flow cytometric staining method for the simultaneous detection and characterization of 21 mouse thymocyte subpopulations that represent discreet stages of T cell development. To demonstrate the utility of this method, we assessed cytokine receptor expression on mouse...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Tan C,Taylor AA,Coburn MZ,Marino JH,Van De Wiele CJ,Teague TK

更新日期：2011-06-20 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) are the most common mammals in North America and are reservoirs for several zoonotic agents, including Sin Nombre virus (SNV), the principal etiologic agent of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) in North America. Unlike human HCPS patients, SNV-infected deer mice sh...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Oko L,Aduddell-Swope B,Willis D,Hamor R,Coons TA,Hjelle B,Schountz T

更新日期：2006-08-17 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Proinflammatory genes are highly expressed in several metabolic disorders associated with obesity. But it is not clarified whether gene expression levels and downstream inflammatory markers are related to the metabolic state or the presence of obesity. Hence, the present study aimed to compare Toll-Like Rece...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Amiri P,Baradaran B,Saghafi-Asl M,Naghizadeh M,Shanehbandi D,Karamzad N,Vahed SZ

更新日期：2019-07-04 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The lymphatic vascular pattern in the head of mice has rarely been studied, due to problems of sectioning and immunostaining of complex bony structures. Therefore, the association of head lymphoid tissues with the lymphatics has remained unknown although the mouse is the most often used species in immunology...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Lohrberg M,Pabst R,Wilting J

更新日期：2018-01-25 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Dendritic cells (DC) play the key role in directing antigen-specific immune responses and manipulating their function may be a useful tool for immunotherapy. The balance between immune stimulation and tolerance is particularly important at mucosal interfaces, where discrimination between dangerous pathogens ...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Polak ME,Borthwick NJ,Gabriel FG,Jager MJ,Cree IA

更新日期：2008-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:To understand the evolutionary origins of our own immune system, we need to characterise the immune system of our distant relatives, the marsupials and monotremes. The recent sequencing of the genomes of two marsupials (opossum and tammar wallaby) and a monotreme (platypus) provides an opportunity to charact...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Wong ES,Papenfuss AT,Belov K

更新日期：2011-08-19 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Expressed in embryonic development, matrix metalloprotein-9 (MMP-9) is absent in most of developed adult tissues, but recurs in inflammation during tissue injury, wound healing, tumor formation and metastasis. Expression of MMP-9 is tightly controlled by extracellular cues including pro-inflammatory cytokine...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Zhou L,Yan C,Gieling RG,Kida Y,Garner W,Li W,Han YP

更新日期：2009-03-19 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Activation signals can be negatively regulated by cell surface receptors bearing immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs). CD300a, an ITIM bearing type I transmembrane protein, is expressed on many hematopoietic cells, including subsets of lymphocytes. RESULTS:We have taken two approaches to ...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： DeBell KE,Simhadri VR,Mariano JL,Borrego F

更新日期：2012-04-26 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Eosinophils are innate immune cells present in the intestine during steady state conditions. An intestinal eosinophilia is a hallmark of many infections and an accumulation of eosinophils is also observed in the intestine during inflammatory disorders. Classically the function of eosinophils has been associa...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Forman R,Bramhall M,Logunova L,Svensson-Frej M,Cruickshank SM,Else KJ

更新日期：2016-05-31 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Allergen immunotherapy (SIT) is the only treatment for allergic disease capable of modifying disease long term. To reduce the risk of anaphylaxis from SIT, allergen-extracts have been modified by polymerisation with glutaraldehyde to reduce IgE binding. It is suggested that these allergoid extracts also have...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Urry ZL,Richards DF,Black C,Morales M,Carnés J,Hawrylowicz CM,Robinson DS

更新日期：2014-05-29 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Streptococcus sanguinis (S.sanguinis), a predominant bacterium in the human oral cavity, has been widely associated with the development of infective endocarditis. Platelets play both a haemostatic function and can influence both innate and adaptive immune responses. Previous studies have shown that S.sangui...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Cognasse F,Hamzeh-Cognasse H,Chabert A,Jackson E,Arthaud CA,Garraud O,McNicol A

更新日期：2014-04-22 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Recent studies have shown that early growth response 2 (EGR2) is highly induced in activated T cells and regulates T cell functions. In normal C57BL/6 (B6) mice, deletion of EGR2 in lymphocytes results in the development of lupus-like systemic autoimmune disease, which implies indirectly an autoimmune protec...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Dai R,Heid B,Xu X,Xie H,Reilly CM,Ahmed SA

更新日期：2020-07-09 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is one of the most complex complications after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Current standard of grading system is based on clinical symptoms in skin, liver and intestinal. However, it's difficult to differ GVHD and its extent just by clinical manifestation. Here we r...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Zhang P,Yang S,Zou Y,Yan X,Wu H,Zhou M,Sun YC,Zhang Y,Zhu H,Xu K,Wang Y,Sheng LX,Mu Q,Sun L,Ouyang G

更新日期：2019-12-09 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The potential utility of dendritic cells (DC) as cancer vaccines has been established in early trials in human cancers. The concomitant administration of cytotoxic agents and DC vaccines has been previously avoided due to potential immune suppression by chemotherapeutics. Recent studies show that common chem...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： John J,Ismail M,Riley C,Askham J,Morgan R,Melcher A,Pandha H

更新日期：2010-03-19 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The functional immaturity of T cells contributes to the susceptibility of neonates to infections and the less severe graft-versus-host disease associated with cord blood (CB) transplantation. We have previously reported that insulin-like growth factor - I (IGF-I) promotes the phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)-induce...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Law HK,Tu W,Liu E,Lau YL

更新日期：2008-12-17 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Some chemicals, including some phthalate plasticizers, have been shown to have an adjuvant effect in mice. However, an adjuvant effect, defined as an inherent ability to stimulate the humoral immune response, was only observed after exposure to a limited number of the phthalates. An adjuvant effect may be du...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Larsen ST,Nielsen GD

更新日期：2008-10-31 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:While vaccination remains the most effective method to control hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, 5-10% of recipients exhibit non-responsiveness to the HB vaccine. Immunological analysis of strong, weak or absent protective antibody responses to the HB vaccine should provide insights into the mechanisms that...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Xu X,Li Y,Liang Y,Yin M,Yu Z,Zhang Y,Huang L,Ni J

更新日期：2018-07-28 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The USDA, Wildlife Services cooperative oral rabies vaccination (ORV) program uses a live vaccinia virus-vectored (genus Orthopoxvirus) vaccine, Raboral V-RG (V-RG), to vaccinate specific wildlife species against rabies virus in several regions of the U.S. Several naturally occurring orthopoxviruses have bee...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Root JJ,McLean RG,Slate D,MacCarthy KA,Osorio JE

更新日期：2008-10-03 00:00:00