Activation of tonsil dendritic cells with immuno-adjuvants.

abstract：BACKGROUND:Shiga toxin 2 (Stx2), one of two Stx liberated by Stx-producing Escherichia coli, is composed of an A subunit monomer and a B subunit pentamer, and is directly linked with hemolytic uremic syndrome in children. The pentameric B subunit binds to its cell surface receptor Gb3 for toxin internalization, and the...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Jeong KI,Chapman-Bonofiglio S,Singh P,Lee J,Tzipori S,Sheoran AS

更新日期：2010-03-24 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Dysregulation of the immune system has been shown to occur during spaceflight, although the detailed nature of the phenomenon and the clinical risks for exploration class missions have yet to be established. Also, the growing clinical significance of immune system evaluation combined with epidemic infectious...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Crucian B,Lee P,Stowe R,Jones J,Effenhauser R,Widen R,Sams C

更新日期：2007-05-23 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Anthrax lethal toxin (LT), produced by the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus anthracis, is a highly effective zinc dependent metalloprotease that cleaves the N-terminus of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases (MAPKK or MEKs) and is known to play a role in impairing the host immune system during an inhalat...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Chauncey KM,Lopez MC,Sidhu G,Szarowicz SE,Baker HV,Quinn C,Southwick FS

更新日期：2012-07-02 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Regulatory T cells (Treg) play a crucial role in maintaining immune homeostasis and self-tolerance. The immune suppressive effects of Tregs should however be limited in case effective immunity is required against pathogens or cancer cells. We previously found that the Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) agonist, Pam...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： van Maren WW,Nierkens S,Toonen LW,Bolscher JM,Sutmuller RP,Adema GJ

更新日期：2011-03-24 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The USDA, Wildlife Services cooperative oral rabies vaccination (ORV) program uses a live vaccinia virus-vectored (genus Orthopoxvirus) vaccine, Raboral V-RG (V-RG), to vaccinate specific wildlife species against rabies virus in several regions of the U.S. Several naturally occurring orthopoxviruses have bee...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Root JJ,McLean RG,Slate D,MacCarthy KA,Osorio JE

更新日期：2008-10-03 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:While dendritic cells (DCs) can induce tolerance in T cells, little is known about tolerance induction in DCs themselves. We have analysed tolerance induced in human in-vitro generated DCs by repeated stimulation with ligands for TLR4 and TLR2. RESULTS:DCs stimulated with the TLR4 ligand LPS did show a rapi...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Albrecht V,Hofer TP,Foxwell B,Frankenberger M,Ziegler-Heitbrock L

更新日期：2008-11-24 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV. The T cell epitopes of the SARS CoV spike protein are well known, but no systematic evaluation of the functional and structural roles of each residue has been reported for these antigenic epit...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Huang J,Cao Y,Bu X,Wu C

更新日期：2012-09-10 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Marginal zone (MZ) B cells play important roles in the early phases of humoral immune responses. In addition to possessing an inherent capacity to rapidly differentiate into antibody secreting cells, MZ B cells also help to regulate the fate of both T-independent and T-dependent blood-borne antigens in the s...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Ferguson AR,Corley RB

更新日期：2005-04-18 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Macrophages are key players in the initiation, perpetuation and regulation of both innate and adaptive immune responses. They largely perform these roles through modulation of the expression of genes, especially those encoding cytokines. Murine bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDMs) are commonly used as a m...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Tanaka A,To J,O'Brien B,Donnelly S,Lund M

更新日期：2017-10-03 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Streptococcus sanguinis (S.sanguinis), a predominant bacterium in the human oral cavity, has been widely associated with the development of infective endocarditis. Platelets play both a haemostatic function and can influence both innate and adaptive immune responses. Previous studies have shown that S.sangui...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Cognasse F,Hamzeh-Cognasse H,Chabert A,Jackson E,Arthaud CA,Garraud O,McNicol A

更新日期：2014-04-22 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Respiratory burst function resulting in the release of reactive oxygen species such as superoxide anion (O2-) from neutrophils is one of the key mechanisms of the innate immune system, and maladaptive control of this mechanism is thought to play a pivotal role in the development of pathologies such as acute ...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Tung JP,Fraser JF,Wood P,Fung YL

更新日期：2009-05-08 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The potential utility of dendritic cells (DC) as cancer vaccines has been established in early trials in human cancers. The concomitant administration of cytotoxic agents and DC vaccines has been previously avoided due to potential immune suppression by chemotherapeutics. Recent studies show that common chem...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： John J,Ismail M,Riley C,Askham J,Morgan R,Melcher A,Pandha H

更新日期：2010-03-19 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Some chemicals, including some phthalate plasticizers, have been shown to have an adjuvant effect in mice. However, an adjuvant effect, defined as an inherent ability to stimulate the humoral immune response, was only observed after exposure to a limited number of the phthalates. An adjuvant effect may be du...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Larsen ST,Nielsen GD

更新日期：2008-10-31 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:While tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) inhibitors (TNFi) and other biologics are very effective against autoimmune diseases, they can also cause infectious diseases. Therefore, it is important to clarify whether the TNFi sometimes used to treat patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) complicated with huma...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Fukui S,Nakamura H,Takahashi Y,Iwamoto N,Hasegawa H,Yanagihara K,Nakamura T,Okayama A,Kawakami A

更新日期：2017-02-03 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Human tonsils are a rich source of B lymphocytes exhibiting a variety of phenotypes and activation states. Existing methods of purification are time consuming or costly. The aim of the present study was to optimize conditions to isolate large numbers of highly purified primary B lymphocytes from tonsils in a...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Zuccolo J,Unruh TL,Deans JP

更新日期：2009-05-27 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Regulatory CD4 T cells (Tregs) are critical in maintaining the homeostasis of the immune system. Quantitative or phenotypic alterations and functional impairment of Tregs have been associated with the development of pathologies including those of the central nervous system. Individuals with HIV-1/HTLV-1 co-i...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Matavele Chissumba R,Silva-Barbosa SD,Augusto Â,Maueia C,Mabunda N,Gudo ES Jr,Bhatt N,Jani I,Savino W

更新日期：2015-09-02 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Allergen immunotherapy (SIT) is the only treatment for allergic disease capable of modifying disease long term. To reduce the risk of anaphylaxis from SIT, allergen-extracts have been modified by polymerisation with glutaraldehyde to reduce IgE binding. It is suggested that these allergoid extracts also have...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Urry ZL,Richards DF,Black C,Morales M,Carnés J,Hawrylowicz CM,Robinson DS

更新日期：2014-05-29 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:There are three major B-cell compartments in peripheral lymphoid organs: the germinal center (GC), the mantle zone (MNZ) and the marginal zone (MGZ). Unique sets of B-cells reside in these compartments, and they have specific functional roles in humoral immune response. MNZ B cells are naive cells in a quies...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Shen Y,Iqbal J,Xiao L,Lynch RC,Rosenwald A,Staudt LM,Sherman S,Dybkaer K,Zhou G,Eudy JD,Delabie J,McKeithan TW,Chan WC

更新日期：2004-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Inappropriate activation of T lymphocytes plays an important role in perinatal complications. However, data on T lymphocyte activation markers of preterm infants is scarce. We investigated the association between gender, gestational and postnatal age, preeclampsia (PE), premature rupture of membranes (PROM) ...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Sava F,Toldi G,Treszl A,Hajdú J,Harmath Á,Tulassay T,Vásárhelyi B

更新日期：2016-06-21 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Bv8, prokineticin-1, or endocrine gland-vascular endothelial growth factor, and prokineticin-2 are recently isolated peptide agonists of two G protein-coupled receptors, prokineticin receptor-1 (PROKR 1) and PROKR 2, and have been described as affecting a number of myeloid cell functions. We evaluated the im...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Franchi S,Giannini E,Lattuada D,Lattanzi R,Tian H,Melchiorri P,Negri L,Panerai AE,Sacerdote P

更新日期：2008-10-28 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is caused by an overwhelming host-mediated response to bacterial superantigens produced mainly by Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. TSS is characterized by aberrant activation of T cells and excessive release of pro-inflammatory cytokines ultimately resulting in cap...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Kim H,Darwish I,Monroy MF,Prockop DJ,Liles WC,Kain KC

更新日期：2014-01-14 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells play an essential role in maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing autoimmunity. Therefore, defects in Treg development, maintenance or function have been associated with several human autoimmune diseases including Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), a systemic autoimmune di...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Barreto M,Ferreira RC,Lourenço L,Moraes-Fontes MF,Santos E,Alves M,Carvalho C,Martins B,Andreia R,Viana JF,Vasconcelos C,Mota-Vieira L,Ferreira C,Demengeot J,Vicente AM

更新日期：2009-01-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The immunological roles of B-cells are being revealed as increasingly complex by functions that are largely beyond their commitment to differentiate into plasma cells and produce antibodies, the key molecular protagonists of innate immunity, and also by their compartmentalisation, a more recently acknowledged property...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Garraud O,Borhis G,Badr G,Degrelle S,Pozzetto B,Cognasse F,Richard Y

更新日期：2012-11-29 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The need for rapid and accurate comparison of panels of adjuvanted vaccine formulations and subsequent rational down selection, presents several challenges for modern vaccine development. Here we describe a method which may enable vaccine and adjuvant developers to compare antigen/adjuvant combinations in a ...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Younis SY,Barnier-Quer C,Heuking S,Sommandas V,Brunner L,Vd Werff N,Dubois P,Friede M,Kocken C,Collin N,Remarque E

更新日期：2018-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although plasmid DNA encoding an antigen from pathogens or tumor cells has been widely studied as vaccine, the use of plasmid vector (without insert) as therapeutic agent requires further investigation. RESULTS:Here, we showed that plasmid DNA (pcDNA3) at low doses inhibits the production of IL-6 and TNF-α ...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Malardo T,Batalhão ME,Panunto-Castelo A,Almeida LP,Padilha E,Fontoura IC,Silva CL,Carnio EC,Coelho-Castelo AA

更新日期：2012-11-08 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) plays a critical role in mediating inflammatory/immune responses against bacterial pathogens in lung. Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) and nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) were previously reported to synergize with each other to induce inflammatory responses. Desp...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Lim JH,Ha U,Sakai A,Woo CH,Kweon SM,Xu H,Li JD

更新日期：2008-07-29 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is one of the most complex complications after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Current standard of grading system is based on clinical symptoms in skin, liver and intestinal. However, it's difficult to differ GVHD and its extent just by clinical manifestation. Here we r...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Zhang P,Yang S,Zou Y,Yan X,Wu H,Zhou M,Sun YC,Zhang Y,Zhu H,Xu K,Wang Y,Sheng LX,Mu Q,Sun L,Ouyang G

更新日期：2019-12-09 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Recent studies have shown that early growth response 2 (EGR2) is highly induced in activated T cells and regulates T cell functions. In normal C57BL/6 (B6) mice, deletion of EGR2 in lymphocytes results in the development of lupus-like systemic autoimmune disease, which implies indirectly an autoimmune protec...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Dai R,Heid B,Xu X,Xie H,Reilly CM,Ahmed SA

更新日期：2020-07-09 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The gram-negative bacterium Bordetella pertussis is an important causative agent of pertussis, an infectious disease of the respiratory tract. After introduction of whole-cell vaccines (wP) in the 1950's, pertussis incidence has decreased significantly. Because wP were found to be reactogenic, in most develo...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Banus S,Stenger RM,Gremmer ER,Dormans JA,Mooi FR,Kimman TG,Vandebriel RJ

更新日期：2008-05-22 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE) is one of the most common forms of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Because most studies of TPE focused on the pleural space, little information regarding lung parenchyma is available. We therefore aimed to investigate immune responses in the lung parenchyma of TPE patients wit...

journal_title：BMC immunology

authors： Qama D,Choi WI,Kwon KY

更新日期：2012-08-13 00:00:00