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Brain insulin lowers circulating BCAA levels by inducing hepatic BCAA catabolism.

Abstract：

:Circulating branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) levels are elevated in obesity/diabetes and are a sensitive predictor for type 2 diabetes. Here we show in rats that insulin dose-dependently lowers plasma BCAA levels through induction of hepatic protein expression and activity of branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase (BCKDH), the rate-limiting enzyme in the BCAA degradation pathway. Selective induction of hypothalamic insulin signaling in rats and genetic modulation of brain insulin receptors in mice demonstrate that brain insulin signaling is a major regulator of BCAA metabolism by inducing hepatic BCKDH. Short-term overfeeding impairs the ability of brain insulin to lower BCAAs in rats. High-fat feeding in nonhuman primates and obesity and/or diabetes in humans is associated with reduced BCKDH protein in liver. These findings support the concept that decreased hepatic BCKDH is a major cause of increased plasma BCAAs and that hypothalamic insulin resistance may account for impaired BCAA metabolism in obesity and diabetes.

journal_name

Cell Metab

journal_title

Cell metabolism

authors

Shin AC,Fasshauer M,Filatova N,Grundell LA,Zielinski E,Zhou JY,Scherer T,Lindtner C,White PJ,Lapworth AL,Ilkayeva O,Knippschild U,Wolf AM,Scheja L,Grove KL,Smith RD,Qian WJ,Lynch CJ,Newgard CB,Buettner C

doi

10.1016/j.cmet.2014.09.003

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2014-11-04 00:00:00

pages

898-909

issue

5

eissn

1550-4131

issn

1932-7420

pii

S1550-4131(14)00400-8

journal_volume

20

pub_type

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