Abstract：
:The proximal and distal parts of the femur show the differences between the sexes. Head diameter and the breadth of the epicondyle of the femur are known to distinguish males from females. The proximal end of the femur is studied to determine sex using discriminant analysis but; its distal end is not done. This study aims to develop an equation specific to Koreans by using the medial and lateral condyles of the femur, and to demonstrate the usefulness of equations for specific population groups. We used three-dimensional images from 202 Korean femurs. Twelve variables were measured with a computer program after the femurs were in alignment. Eleven variables showed a statistically significant difference between the sexes (P<0.01). The most accurate equation used width of the medial and lateral condyles (WDC), with of the medial condyle (WMC), depth of the lateral condyle (DLC), and depth of the intercondylar notch (DIN) (94.1%), and is as follows: D = 0.336 × WDC + (-0.097) × WMC + (-0.153) × DLC + 0.372 × DIN - 20.912. The second highest accuracy was 90.1% for the width dimensional group and WDC. This study shows that the medial and lateral condyles of the femur should be helpful for sex determination in situations where the skull and pelvis are missing and part of the femur is available. The study also demonstrates the need for different equations for different population groups.
journal_name
Forensic Sci Intjournal_title
Forensic science internationalauthors
Kim DI,Kwak DS,Han SHdoi
10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.08.028subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-12-10 00:00:00pages
121-5issue
1-3eissn
0379-0738issn
1872-6283pii
S0379-0738(13)00406-4journal_volume
233pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The National Institute of Forensic Toxicology, Oslo, receives blood and urine samples from all Norwegian drivers apprehended on suspicion of driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs. In 1983 we received samples from 1446 drug-suspected drivers, out of which 445 underwent toxicological analysis. The drugs found ...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0379-0738(87)90105-8
更新日期：1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Finnish guidelines for workplace drug testing outlined here represent what is considered the best practice for workplace drug testing to be followed in Finland. The guidelines are based on the act on the protection of privacy in working life (759/2004), the occupational health care act (1383/2001) and the decree o...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 指南,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2007.03.006
更新日期：2008-01-30 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:The use of methadone in opioid maintenance treatment (OMT) is potentially associated with a number of adverse effects and the risk of fatal toxicity. Increased methadone availability may lead to an increase in methadone-related deaths. We have investigated methadone-related deaths in Norway over the period...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2012.11.010
更新日期：2013-01-10 00:00:00
abstract：:The identification of X bodies is an everyday preoccupation in forensic pathology. This retrospective analysis studied all methods of identification and characteristics of unidentified bodies arrived in the Department of Forensic Medicine and Pathology (University Hospital R. Poincaré, Garches, France) during a 6-year...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2010.05.022
更新日期：2011-01-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Bayesian statistics was applied to a small sample database of the tensile properties of five different brands of writing paper which were perceptibly similar. The measured parameters in the database were found to overlap for the five brands. This posed a limitation to the application of the classical approach for "mat...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.12.004
更新日期：2010-02-25 00:00:00
abstract：:New application protocols for the Emit(®) II Plus 6-Acetylmorphine Assay for human urine screening have been developed on the ADVIA(®) 1800 and 2400 Chemistry Systems. Precision was evaluated at the cutoff and ±25% controls. Recovery and linearity were studied by spiking 6-acetylmorphine (6-AM) into human urine pools....
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.08.014
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper describes the development and validation of a method for the analysis of office papers by measuring carbon isotopes using isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS). The method development phase included testing protocols for storage, sample materials, set-up of the analytical run; and examining the effects of ...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.05.009
更新日期：2013-09-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Allele frequencies for nine short tandem repeats (STRs) loci (CSF1PO, TPOX, THO1, F13AO1, FES/FPS, vWA, D16S539, D7S820 and D13S317) and two variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs) were obtained from a sample of 270 unrelated individuals born in the Rosario city, Santa Fe province of Argentina. ...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2003.12.013
更新日期：2004-05-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Buprenorphine, commonly known by the trademark Temgesic, is one of the most popular drugs of abuse among the opioid-addicted young individuals in Iran. Temgesic, Bungesic, etc. are the most popular and important illicit opioid drugs in Tehran's illicit drugs black market, and are now among the most widely abused by op...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 信件
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2007.06.016
更新日期：2007-10-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Bloodstains often constitute the major physical evidence in crime investigation. Diluted blood invisible to the naked eye can be detected through presumptive tests however such tests can damage samples and prevent further processing such as DNA analysis. In this study, we compared the effects of luminol (prepared acco...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2010.06.017
更新日期：2011-03-20 00:00:00
abstract：:Toluene is the most common volatile used for sniffing among adolescents. During 1983-1987, 114 drivers were arrested in Norway with blood toluene concentrations (BTCs) greater than 10 microM. Only four of these drivers were women. The age range was 15-34 years, and the mean age was 21. The mean BTC was 109 microM. The...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0379-0738(90)90170-4
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One of the major challenges in the near future is the identification of genes that affect the metabolism of different drugs. Large scale association studies that utilise single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been considered a valuable tool for this purpose. CYP2D6, CYP2C19, CYP2C9, CYP3A4 and CYP1A2 were found t...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2010.10.004
更新日期：2011-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study investigated the interobserver variation between a radiologist and a forensic pathologist in 994 injury diagnoses obtained by postmortem computed tomography (CT) of 67 traffic fatality victims, and the results were compared with diagnoses obtained by autopsy. The injuries were coded according to the ...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2012.03.028
更新日期：2013-02-10 00:00:00
abstract：:In this paper, a high performance liquid chromatographic method with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FL) for the determination of fenfluramine (Fen) and norfenfluramine (Norf) in human hair as biomarker metabolites of N-nitrosofenfluramine (N-Fen) is described. Washed and cut hair segments were extracted by ultrasonicati...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.03.018
更新日期：2004-11-10 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper reports results from a field trial with a breath-alcohol screening device--Alcolmeter pocket model. Breath tests were made with drivers apprehended during routine controls (road-blocks), for traffic violations and those involved in traffic accidents. Of 908 roadside breath tests made with chemical reagent t...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0379-0738(85)90126-4
更新日期：1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Bavarian State Bureau of Investigation in Munich has the exclusive responsibility for investigation of criminal acts. One considerable expertise is that of hair analysis. According to the legal system in Germany, there is a special interest when some clients' hair tested positive for illicit drugs. An accused with...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0379-0738(99)00161-9
更新日期：2000-01-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Haplotypes and allele frequencies for 12 Y-STR loci were determined in Sichuan Han ethnic population samples of 237 unrelated males living in west China. Only one haplotype was encountered in triple. Twelve of the haplotypes were encountered in duplicate, while 210 haplotypes were unique. The gene diversity was 0.9952...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2007.06.006
更新日期：2008-03-05 00:00:00
abstract：:With the constantly increasing sensitivity and robustness of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based instruments combined with enhanced reproducibility as well as mass accuracy and resolution, LC-MS(/MS) has become an integral part of sports drug testing programs particularly concerning the detection of peptide ...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2011.06.015
更新日期：2011-12-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Teeth are recently drawing attention for their potential as biological modeling investigation samples due to their ability to be collected and their slow substance metabolism. There is no active metabolism of elements after the completion of dentin. Dentin is surrounded by enamel and cementum, and is not affected by t...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2011.11.012
更新日期：2012-06-10 00:00:00
abstract：:In this follow-up study the collaboration between two research groups from the USA and the Netherlands was continued to expand the framework of chemical attribution for the homemade explosive erythritol tetranitrate (ETN). Isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) analysis was performed to predict possible links between ...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110344
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most of the automotive companies use cast iron for their engine blocks. Restoration of obliterated number on these iron surfaces by chemical etching is known to be quite difficult. Heating of the obliterated surface using oxyacetylene flame is an alternative recovery treatment suggested in literature and used in pract...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2012.07.020
更新日期：2012-11-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Obtaining a genetic profile from pieces of evidence collected at a crime scene is the primary objective of forensic laboratories. New procedures, methods, kits, software or equipment must be carefully evaluated and validated before its implementation. The constant development of new methodologies for DNA testing leads...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2017.11.037
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Usually, the differentiation of inks on questioned documents is carried out by optical methods and thin layer chromatography (TLC). Therefore, spectrometric methods were also proposed in forensic literature for the analysis of dyes. Between these techniques, laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) has d...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2010.05.027
更新日期：2011-01-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Characterization of DNA that remains in seafood products after skin, scales, and shells are removed is widely used in forensic species identification, however, ordinary methods may be prohibitively expensive or time-consuming if large sample series need to be discriminated. Forensic discrimination of two species of bi...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2006.05.043
更新日期：2007-03-22 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Depression and other psychiatric illnesses are common during pregnancy and are often treated with antidepressants. Physiological changes of pregnancy may alter the pharmacokinetics of medications and ultimately affect the dose required to maintain effective therapy. Human hair offers a safe, non-invasive way...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.12.034
更新日期：2010-03-20 00:00:00
abstract：:The alarming increase of drug mortality rates in Germany was followed by research projects to enlighten the causes of this increase. The results of the Bremen, Hamburg and Berlin studies 1991-92, led to the conclusion that specific risk constellations have to be considered in the process of improving the drug counsell...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0379-0738(93)90053-d
更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The fingerprints are very typical for a human being. The present study was undertaken to study the gender differences in fingerprint ridge density in Chinese and Malaysian population. The study done on 200 subjects (100 males and 100 females) of Chinese origin and 100 subjects (50 males and 50 females) of Malaysian or...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.12.055
更新日期：2010-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper focuses on likelihood ratio based evaluations of fibre evidence in cases in which there is uncertainty about whether or not the reference item available for analysis - that is, an item typically taken from the suspect or seized at his home - is the item actually worn at the time of the offence. A likelihood...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2012.02.021
更新日期：2012-07-10 00:00:00
abstract：:A study of the quantities of cocaine on banknotes in general circulation was conducted to investigate regional variations across England and Wales. No meaningful support was found for the proposition that there is regional variation in the quantities of cocaine in banknotes in general circulation in England and Wales....
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.10.017
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Over the last decades, the importance of technical and scientific evidence for the criminal justice system has been steadily increasing. Unfortunately, the weight of forensic evidence is not always easy for the trier of fact to assess, as appears from a brief discussion of some recent cases in which the weight of expe...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.11.028
更新日期：2006-06-02 00:00:00
