Abstract:
:For ethical and regulatory reasons, in vitro tests for scoring potential toxicities of cosmetics are essential. A test strategy for investigating potential skin sensitization using two human keratinocytic and two human dendritic cell lines has been developed (Mehling et al. Arch Toxicol 86:1273–1295, 2012). Since prohaptens may be metabolically activated in the skin, information on xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme (XME) activities in these cell lines is of high interest. In this study, XME activity assays, monitoring metabolite or cofactor, showed the following: all three passages of keratinocytic (KeratinoSens® and LuSens) and dendritic (U937 und THP-1) cells displayed N-acetyltransferase 1 (NAT1) activities (about 6–60 nmol/min/mg S9-protein for acetylation of para-aminobenzoic acid). This is relevant since reactive species of many cosmetics are metabolically controlled by cutaneous NAT1. Esterase activities of about 1–4 nmol fluorescein diacetate/min/mg S9-protein were observed in all passages of investigated keratinocytic and about 1 nmol fluorescein diacetate/min/mg S9-protein in dendritic cell lines. This is also of practical relevance since many esters and amides are detoxified and others activated by cutaneous esterases. In both keratinocytic cell lines, activities of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) were observed (5–17 nmol product/min/mg cytosolic protein). ALDH is relevant for the detoxication of reactive aldehydes. Activities of several other XME were below detection, namely the investigated cytochrome P450-dependent alkylresorufin O-dealkylases 7-ethylresorufin O-deethylase, 7-benzylresorufin O-debenzylase and 7-pentylresorufin O-depentylase (while NADPH cytochrome c reductase activities were much above the limit of quantification), the flavin-containing monooxygenase, the alcohol dehydrogenase as well as the UDP glucuronosyl transferase activities.
journal_name
Arch Toxicoljournal_title
Archives of toxicologyauthors
Fabian E,Vogel D,Blatz V,Ramirez T,Kolle S,Eltze T,van Ravenzwaay B,Oesch F,Landsiedel Rdoi
10.1007/s00204-013-1090-9subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-09-01 00:00:00pages
1683-96issue
9eissn
0340-5761issn
1432-0738journal_volume
87pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The effect of Co(NO3)2, CdSO4, NiSO4, ZnSO4, and HgCl2 (given repeatedly in subtoxic doses in the drinking water for 30 days) on rat liver monooxygenases was studied in experiments on male Wistar rats. The salts of Co, Cd, and Zn increased the activity of benzphetamine-N-demethylase, the content of cytochrome P-450 an...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00333421
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A histochemical technique for detection of the in vivo induced cellular aldehydes based on the direct Schiff's reaction is reported in this paper. CCl4-intoxicated rat liver was used as an experimental model. Fresh and non-pretreated rat liver cryostat sections fixed in 10% formol calcium solution and washed in distil...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00334622
更新日期:1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Occupational and environmental asbestos exposure is the main determinant of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), however, the mechanisms by which its fibres contribute to cell toxicity and transformation are not completely clear. Aberrant DNA methylation is a common event in cancer but epigenetic modifications involv...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00204-018-2179-y
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cytokeratins (CK) constitute a family of cytoskeletal intermediate filament proteins that are typically expressed in epithelial cells. An abnormal structure and function are effects that are clearly related to liver diseases as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. We have previously o...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00204-007-0192-7
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mouse liver tumors that harbor activating mutations in Ctnnb1, encoding β-catenin, express high levels of various cytochromes P450 (CYP), including CYP2E1 and CYP1A2. Acetaminophen (AAP) is metabolized in hepatocytes by these CYPs to the reactive intermediate N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone-imine, which is toxic to hepatocyte...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00204-013-1030-8
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxidative stress is discussed as a possible hepatocarcinogenic mechanism of peroxisome proliferators (PP) in rodents and is suggested to result from the induction of peroxisomal beta-oxidation (PBOX) by PP. The induced PBOX is assumed to produce excessive H2O2 from the degradation of fatty acids, ultimately leading to...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002040050429
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::HCB was detected in all preparations of human placenta, maternal blood, milk, and cord blood. It was confirmed that HCB transferred from mother to fetus through the placenta. A significant linear correlation exists between the HCB concentration in placenta and that in cord blood. Therefore, the placental concentration...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00333426
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Humans are exposed to multiple chemicals on a daily basis instead of to just a single chemical, yet the majority of existing toxicity data comes from single-chemical exposure. Multiple factors must be considered such as the route, concentration, duration, and the timing of exposure when determining toxicity to the org...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00204-019-02547-x
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::DNA damage induced by methylmethane sulfonate, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin and procarbazine in male germ cells was assessed in rabbits by the demonstration of unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS), in meiotic and postmeiotic phases of maturation. Immediately after treatment by the intravenous route tritiated thymidine was...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00361252
更新日期:1980-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Di-n-butylin dichloride (DBTCl), which is commonly used as heat and light stabilizer for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastics, is a teratogen in vivo. In the present study, the toxic effects were investigated of DBTCl on cultured rat embryos during three different stages of organogenesis. Rat embryos explanted on gestati...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002040050335
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of perfusion with a medium containing 12 or 24 micrograms Cadmium (as CdCl2) per ml on this metal's accumulation, transfer rate and metallothionein (MT) level. The experiments were performed with an isolated lobule of a dually-perfused human term placenta....
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01968966
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To examine the demethylation reaction of methylmercury (MeHg) in rat liver, slices prepared from MeHg-treated rats were incubated in L-15 medium under 95% O2/5% CO2 atmosphere. During the incubation, the amount of inorganic Hg in the slices markedly increased in a time-dependent manner, although the concentration of t...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002040100256
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury is a thoroughly studied model for regeneration and fibrosis in rodents. Nevertheless, its pattern of liver fibrosis is frequently misinterpreted as portal type. To clarify this, we show that collagen type IV+ "streets" and α-SMA+ cells accumulate pericentrally and extend to ne...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00204-017-2040-8
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:: ...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 评论,信件
doi:10.1007/s00204-018-2384-8
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The EU-EuroMix project adopted the strategy of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) for cumulative risk assessment, which limits the number of chemicals to consider in a mixture to those that induce a specific toxicological phenotype. These so-called cumulative assessment groups (CAGs) are refined at several leve...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00204-018-2320-y
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Selenium (Se) is an essential dietary component for animals including humans and is regarded as a protective agent against cancer. Although the mode of anticancer action of Se is not fully understood yet, several mechanisms, such as antioxidant protection by selenoenzymes, specific inhibition of tumor cell growth by S...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00204-010-0595-8
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The lacrimatory agent CS was examined for genotoxic properties. In vitro, Salmonella typhimurium was exposed to CS at concentrations up to 1.5 mg per plate and reverse mutations were assayed. In vivo: male Drosophilae were fed with CS and sex-linked recessive lethal mutations in sperm cells were assayed using the Basc...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01261386
更新日期:1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reduced gluconeogenesis due to decreased activity of key gluconeogenic enzymes in liver, together with feed refusal, has been suggested to play an important role in 2,3,7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-induced lethality in rats. This study was carried out to further analyse the toxicological significance of red...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002040050626
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The treatment of poisoning by highly toxic organophosphorus compounds (nerve agents) is unsatisfactory. Until now, the efficacy of new potential antidotes has primarily been evaluated in animals. However, the extrapolation of these results to humans is hampered by species differences. Since oximes are believed to act ...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002040050495
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clark 1 (diphenylarsine chloride) and Clark 2 (diphenylarsine cyanide) were used as chemical weapon agents (CWA), and the soil contamination by these CWA and their degraded products, diphenyl and phenyl arsenicals, has been one of the most serious environmental issues. In a series of comparisons in toxicity between tr...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00204-004-0598-4
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Xenobiotic induced liver injury is a leading cause for drug withdrawal and toxicogenomics may help to identify molecular causes. Here we report studies with cultures of human hepatocytes to detect early responses of liver toxicity upon treatment with the hepatotoxin Aroclor 1254. We studied transcript abundance of 302...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00204-007-0234-1
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The oxidizing capacity of phagocytic cells is suspected to play a major role in the generation of immunogenic drug metabolites, in particular those that cause extrahepatic immunopathological lesions. In the case of the antirheumatic drug gold(I) disodium thiomalate (Na2Au(I)TM), oxidation of the Au(I) ion to Au(III) a...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002040050198
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dulcin (DL), now banned, was once a widely used artificial sweetener. DL possesses an ureido group that is metabolized by direct glucuronidation in rabbit liver microsomes. Dulcin N-glucuronide (DNG) is the only type of ureido N-glucuronide known to date; ureido glucuronidation in humans has not been previously report...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00204-006-0138-5
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In vitro assays are often used for the hazard characterisation of compounds, but their application for quantitative risk assessment purposes is limited. This is because in vitro assays cannot provide a complete in vivo dose-response curve from which a point of departure (PoD) for risk assessment can be derived, like t...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00204-013-1107-4
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) are abundant persistent organic pollutants with well-studied toxicity. The toxicological and ecological concerns associated with BFRs argue for replacement by safe(r) alternatives. Though previous research identified the nervous system as a sensitive target organ for BFRs, the (neuro...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00204-013-1187-1
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using male ICR mice, the LC50 and acute and subacute inhalation toxicity of dichlorosilane (SiH2Cl2, DCS) and the fate of DCS released into the air were investigated. DCS resolved and minute particles including silicon and chloride were observed, when DCS was released into the air. Most particles were under 1 micron i...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002040050263
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pathological changes induced by cadmium aerosol had features common to the changes evoked by oxidants. Female rats were exposed to fumes of lead, antimony, zinc and cadmium (15-100 nmoles/m3). One hour after termination of exposure, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in erythrocytes of the exposed rats lowered by 15-...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00347869
更新日期:1982-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have used the minipig as a prospective animal model for human risk characterization to study primary biochemical alterations upon oral contaminant intake. The effects of three orally administered soils containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) on the expression pattern of the cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP1A1 i...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00204-002-0334-x
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The toxicokinetics of the four stereoisomers of the nerve agent C(+/-)P(+/-)-soman was analysed in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood in anaesthetized, spontaneously breathing pigs during a 90-min period after injection of soman. The pigs were challenged with different intravenous (i.v.) doses of C(+/-)P(+/-)-soman c...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002040050529
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We previously reported a novel toxic peptide identified from the anthozoan Protopalythoa variabilis transcriptome which is homologous to a novel structural type of sodium channel toxin isolated from a parental species (Palythoa caribaeorum). The peptide was named, according to its homologous, as Pp V-shape α-helical p...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00204-018-2334-5
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00