Abstract:
BACKGROUND:When conducting plant research, the measurement of photosynthetic pigments can provide basic information on the physiological status of a plant. High-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) is becoming widely used for this purpose because it provides an accurate determination of a variety of photosynthetic pigments simultaneously. This technique has a drawback compared with conventional spectroscopic techniques, however, in that it is more prone to structural modification of pigments during extraction, thus potentially generating erroneous results. During pigment extraction procedures with acetone or alcohol, the phytol side chain of chlorophyll is sometimes removed, forming chlorophyllide, which affects chlorophyll measurement using HPLC. RESULTS:We evaluated the artifactual chlorophyllide production during chlorophyll extraction by comparing different extraction methods with wild-type and mutant Arabidopsis leaves that lack the major isoform of chlorophyllase. Several extraction methods were compared to provide alternatives to researchers who utilize HPLC for the analysis of chlorophyll levels. As a result, the following three methods are recommended. In the first method, leaves are briefly boiled prior to extraction. In the second method, grinding and homogenization of leaves are performed at sub-zero temperatures. In the third method, N, N'-dimethylformamide (DMF) is used for the extraction of pigments. When compared, the first two methods eliminated almost all chlorophyllide-forming activity in Arabidopsis thaliana, Glebionis coronaria, Pisum sativum L. and Prunus sargentii Rehd. However, DMF effectively suppressed the activity of chlorophyllase only in Arabidopsis leaves. CONCLUSION:Chlorophyllide production in leaf extracts is predominantly an artifact. All three methods evaluated in this study reduce the artifactual production of chlorophyllide and are thus suitable for pigment extraction for HPLC analysis. The boiling method would be a practical choice when leaves are not too thick. However, it may convert a small fraction of chlorophyll a into pheophytin a. Although extraction at sub-zero temperatures is suitable for all plant species examined in this study, this method might be complicated for a large number of samples and it requires liquid nitrogen and equipment for leaf grinding. Using DMF as an extractant is simple and suitable with Arabidopsis samples. However, this solvent cannot completely block the formation of chlorophyllide in thicker leaves.
journal_name
Plant Methodsjournal_title
Plant methodsauthors
Hu X,Tanaka A,Tanaka Rdoi
10.1186/1746-4811-9-19subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-06-19 00:00:00pages
19issue
1issn
1746-4811pii
1746-4811-9-19journal_volume
9pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
Plant Methods文献大全abstract::Intact protein complexes can be separated by apparent molecular mass using a standard polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis system combining mild detergents and the dye Coomassie Blue. Referring to the blue coloured gel and the gentle method of solubilization yielding native and enzymatically active protein complexes, th...
journal_title:Plant methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1746-4811-1-11
更新日期:2005-11-16 00:00:00
abstract::Receptor-like protein kinases (RLKs) are a large and important group of plant proteins involved in numerous aspects of development and stress response. Within this family, homo-oligermization of receptors followed by autophosphorylation of the intracellular protein kinase domain appears to be a widespread mechanism to...
journal_title:Plant methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1746-4811-9-22
更新日期:2013-06-26 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Nowadays, there is an increasing demand for fast and reliable plant biomolecular analyses. Conventional methods for the isolation of nucleic acids are time-consuming and require multiple and often non-automatable steps to remove cellular interferences, with consequence that sample preparation is the major bo...
journal_title:Plant methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13007-019-0408-x
更新日期:2019-03-09 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED: BACKGROUND:The powdery mildew disease represents a valuable patho-system to study the interaction between plant hosts and obligate biotrophic fungal pathogens. Numerous discoveries have been made on the basis of the quantitative evaluation of plant-powdery mildew interactions, especially in the context of ...
journal_title:Plant methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1746-4811-8-35
更新日期:2012-08-31 00:00:00
abstract::The genomic sequences of many important Triticeae crop species are hard to assemble and analyse due to their large genome sizes, (in part) polyploid genomes and high repeat content. Recently, the draft genomes of barley and bread wheat were reported thanks to cost-efficient and fast NGS technologies. The genome of bar...
journal_title:Plant methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1746-4811-9-35
更新日期:2013-09-06 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Plant root apex is the major part to direct the root growth and development by responding to various signals/cues from internal and soil environments. To study and understand root system biology particularly at a molecular and cellular level, an Arabidopsis T-DNA insertional enhancer trap line J3411 expressi...
journal_title:Plant methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13007-019-0393-0
更新日期:2019-01-31 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Non-contact resonant ultrasound spectroscopy (NC-RUS) has been proven as a reliable technique for the dynamic determination of leaf water status. It has been already tested in more than 50 plant species. In parallel, relative water content (RWC) is highly used in the ecophysiological field to describe the de...
journal_title:Plant methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13007-019-0511-z
更新日期:2019-11-07 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Lignocellulosic biomass is a complex network of polymers making the cell walls of plants. It represents a feedstock of sustainable resources to be converted into fuels, chemicals and materials. Because of its complex architecture, lignocellulose is a recalcitrant material that necessitates some pretreatments...
journal_title:Plant methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13007-018-0342-3
更新日期:2018-08-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Leaf rust (LR), caused by Puccinia triticina and is an important disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The most sustainable method for controlling rust diseases is deployment of cultivars incorporating adult plant resistance (APR). However, phenotyping breeding populations or germplasm collections for res...
journal_title:Plant methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13007-016-0117-7
更新日期:2016-03-02 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In eukaryotic cells, the proteasome maintains homeostasis by selectively degrading regulatory and misfolded proteins, and in doing so contributes to the amino acid pool. Inhibition of the proteasome in yeast and human cells decreases de novo protein synthesis. However, it is not know if proteasome inhibition...
journal_title:Plant methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13007-016-0120-z
更新日期:2016-03-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In silico analyses based on sequence similarities with animal channels have identified a large number of plant genes likely to encode ion channels. The attempts made to characterise such putative plant channels at the functional level have most often relied on electrophysiological analyses in classical expre...
journal_title:Plant methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1746-4811-1-14
更新日期:2005-12-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Archegoniates (bryophytes, ferns and gymnosperms), such as the moss Physcomitrella patens, possess freely motile sperm cells (spermatozoids) which reach the egg cell via surface water. Although these motile flagellated sperm cells are a traditional botanical subject, they have not been thoroughly analysed in...
journal_title:Plant methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13007-017-0186-2
更新日期:2017-05-10 00:00:00
abstract::Modern agriculture has created a demand for plant biotechnology products that provide durable resistance to insect pests, tolerance of herbicide applications for weed control, and agronomic traits tailored for specific geographies. These transgenic trait products require a modular and sequential multigene stacking pla...
journal_title:Plant methods
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/s13007-016-0111-0
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:To investigate potential effects of herbicide phytotoxic on crops, a major challenge is a lack of non-destructive and rapid methods to detect plant growth that could allow characterization of herbicide-resistant plants. In such a case, hyperspectral imaging can quickly obtain the spectrum for each pixel in t...
journal_title:Plant methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13007-020-00576-7
更新日期:2020-03-05 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Brassinosteriods (BRs) are a group of important phytohormones that have major effects on plant growth and development. To fully elucidate the function of BRs, a sensitive BR assay is required. However, most of the previously reported methods are tedious and time-consuming due to multiple pretreatment steps. ...
journal_title:Plant methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1746-4811-10-39
更新日期:2014-11-24 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Many agronomic traits have been bred into modern wheat varieties, but wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) continues to be vulnerable to heat stress, with high night-time temperature (HNT) stress shown to have large negative impact on yield and quality. Global mean temperature during the day is consistently warming ...
journal_title:Plant methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13007-019-0424-x
更新日期:2019-04-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Plant metabolites are commonly functionally classified, as defense- or growth-related phytohormones, primary and specialized metabolites, and so forth. Analytical procedures for the quantifications of these metabolites are challenging because the metabolites can vary over several orders of magnitude in conce...
journal_title:Plant methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13007-016-0130-x
更新日期:2016-05-26 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The inability to genetically transform any fern species has been a major technical barrier to unlocking fern biology. Initial attempts to overcome this limitation were based on transient transformation approaches or achieved very low efficiencies. A highly efficient method of stable transformation was recent...
journal_title:Plant methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13007-015-0080-8
更新日期:2015-07-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Striga species are noxious root hemi-parasitic weeds that debilitate cereal production in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Control options for Striga are limited and developing Striga resistant crop germplasm is regarded as the best and most sustainable control measure. Efforts to improve germplasm for Striga resis...
journal_title:Plant methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1746-4811-8-20
更新日期:2012-06-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Microsatellites are popular molecular markers in many plant species due to their stable and highly polymorphic nature. A number of analysis methods have been described but analyses of these markers are typically performed on cumbersome polyacrylamide gels or more conveniently by capillary electrophoresis on ...
journal_title:Plant methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1746-4811-4-8
更新日期:2008-05-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Genetic studies on the molecular mechanisms of the regulation of root growth require the characterisation of a specific root phenotype to be linked with a certain genotype. Such studies using classical labour-intensive methods are severely hindered due to the technical limitations that are associated with th...
journal_title:Plant methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13007-016-0135-5
更新日期:2016-06-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Effects of abiotic and biotic stresses on plant photosynthetic performance lead to fitness and yield decrease. The maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II (F v/F m) is a parameter of chlorophyll fluorescence (ChlF) classically used to track changes in photosynthetic performance. Despite recent technical...
journal_title:Plant methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13007-015-0067-5
更新日期:2015-03-26 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Pentatricopeptide-repeat proteins (PPRs) characterized by tandem arrays of a degenerate 35-amino-acid repeat (PPR motif) can bind a single strand RNA and regulate organelle gene expression at the post-transcriptional level, including RNA cleavage, splicing, editing and stability etc. PPRs are conserved in al...
journal_title:Plant methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13007-020-00696-0
更新日期:2020-11-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A multitude of different imaging systems are already available to image genetically altered RNA species; however, only a few of these techniques are actually suitable to visualize endogenous RNA. One possibility is to use fluorescently-labelled and hybridization-sensitive probes. In order to yield more infor...
journal_title:Plant methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1746-4811-10-15
更新日期:2014-05-31 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cyst nematodes are biotrophs that form specialized feeding structures in the roots of host plants, which consist of a syncytial fusion of hypertrophied cells. The formation of syncytium is accompanied by profound transcriptional changes and active metabolism in infected tissues. The challenge in gene express...
journal_title:Plant methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13007-016-0123-9
更新日期:2016-04-26 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Plant breeding and genetics demand fast, exact and reproducible phenotyping. Efficient statistical evaluation of phenotyping data requires standardised data storage ensuring long-term data availability while maintaining intellectual property rights. This is state of the art at phenomics centres, which, howev...
journal_title:Plant methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13007-015-0069-3
更新日期:2015-04-07 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Progress in high-throughput molecular methods accompanied by more complex experimental designs demands novel data visualisation solutions. To specifically answer the question which parts of the specifical biological system are responding in particular perturbation, integrative approach in which experimental ...
journal_title:Plant methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13007-018-0345-0
更新日期:2018-08-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Starch is the most important source of calories for human nutrition and the majority of it is produced by cereal farming. Starch is also used as a renewable raw material in a range of industrial sectors. It can be chemically modified to introduce new physicochemical properties. In this way starch is adapted ...
journal_title:Plant methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1746-4811-8-36
更新日期:2012-09-07 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Assessing the impact of the environment on plant performance requires growing plants under controlled environmental conditions. Plant phenotypes are a product of genotype × environment (G × E), and the Enviratron at Iowa State University is a facility for testing under controlled conditions the effects of th...
journal_title:Plant methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13007-019-0504-y
更新日期:2019-10-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In the contexts of genomics, post-genomics and systems biology approaches, data integration presents a major concern. Databases provide crucial solutions: they store, organize and allow information to be queried, they enhance the visibility of newly produced data by comparing them with previously published r...
journal_title:Plant methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1746-4811-7-8
更新日期:2011-03-29 00:00:00