Abstract:
:We describe the effect of a 200-microns wavelength free electron laser beam on the ability of asynchronized and synchronized mammalian tissue culture cells to incorporate tritiated thymidine. Compared to controls (unexposed cells), a significant proportion of exposed cells exhibited a reduction in isotope incorporation. The results suggest that this wavelength may affect DNA synthesis.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Berns MW,Bewley W,Sun CH,Templin Pdoi
10.1073/pnas.87.7.2810subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-04-01 00:00:00pages
2810-2issue
7eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
87pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Global demand for agricultural products such as food, feed, and fuel is now a major driver of cropland and pasture expansion across much of the developing world. Whether these new agricultural lands replace forests, degraded forests, or grasslands greatly influences the environmental consequences of expansion. Althoug...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0910275107
更新日期:2010-09-21 00:00:00
abstract::Partial amino acid sequence has been determined for the cone, alpha' subunit of the bovine photoreceptor cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE) and deduced from nucleotide sequences of a partial cDNA clone. These sequences identify the alpha' subunit as the product of a gene that is distinct from those encoding the...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.1.288
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A shuttle vector plasmid that contains sequences from simian virus 40, pBR322, and a bacterial marker gene, galactokinase, has been constructed. After replication in cells permissive for virus progeny, plasmid DNA was introduced into a galactokinase-deficient bacterial strain and the relative frequency of colonies wit...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.80.10.3010
更新日期:1983-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein (LHCP) is an integral thylakoid membrane protein. It is made in the cytosol as a precursor (pLHCP), imported into chloroplasts, and subsequently integrated into thylakoids. Integration of pLHCP into thylakoids requires a stromal protein factor that functions in part to main...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.18.8552
更新日期:1993-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::alpha-1-Antitrypsin is a serum protein that inhibits many proteolytic enzymes. Recently, it was suggested that the alpha-1-antitrypsin-trypsin complex is an acyl ester analogous to the acyl intermediate that forms between trypsin and its substrates. In previous work we showed that the alpha-1-antitrypsin-trypsin compl...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.74.10.4311
更新日期:1977-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The dramatic increase in healthcare cost has become a significant burden to the world. Many patients are denied the accessibility of medication because of the high price of drugs. Total biosynthesis of chiral drug intermediates is an environmentally friendly approach that helps provide more affordable pharmaceuticals....
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0912903107
更新日期:2010-04-06 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatic alpha 2u-globulin protein and RNA levels are under developmental and complex multihormonal control. The present studies directly evaluate the degree to which this regulation is transcriptional. alpha 2u-Globulin transcription was determined by measuring nuclear runoff RNA in vitro, and tissue alpha 2u-globulin...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.82.9.2579
更新日期:1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We introduce the concept of hybridization chain reaction (HCR), in which stable DNA monomers assemble only upon exposure to a target DNA fragment. In the simplest version of this process, two stable species of DNA hairpins coexist in solution until the introduction of initiator strands triggers a cascade of hybridizat...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0407024101
更新日期:2004-10-26 00:00:00
abstract::Regulatory mechanisms for tissue repair and regeneration within damaged tissue have been extensively studied. However, the systemic regulation of tissue repair remains poorly understood. To elucidate tissue nonautonomous control of repair process, it is essential to induce local damage, independent of genetic manipula...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1523681113
更新日期:2016-02-16 00:00:00
abstract::Normal vision requires the precise control of vascular growth to maintain corneal transparency. Here we provide evidence for a unique mechanism by which the Forkhead box transcription factor FoxC1 regulates corneal vascular development. Murine Foxc1 is essential for development of the ocular anterior segment, and in h...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1109540109
更新日期:2012-02-07 00:00:00
abstract::We obtain a collection of multilinear Littlewood-Paley estimates, which we then apply to two problems in partial differential equations. The first problem is the estimation of the square root of an elliptic operator in divergence form, and the second is the estimation of solutions to the Cauchy problem for nondivergen...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.79.18.5746
更新日期:1982-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The receptor for acetylcholine was partially purified by affinity chromatography of an extract in Triton X-100 of membrane fragments from electric tissue. The receptor was assayed, after its reduction with dithiothreitol, by reaction with the affinity-alkylating agent, [methyl-(3)H]4-(N-maleimido)-benzyltrimethylammon...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.70.12.3636
更新日期:1973-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thymidine kinase-deficient mouse L cells have been transformed with plasmid DNAs carrying 8-base-pair Xho I linker insertion mutations in the coding region of the herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase gene. When the mutant plasmids are introduced individually into LTK- cells, transformation efficiencies are gre...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.80.15.4827
更新日期:1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Helper-dependent adenoviral vectors deleted of all viral coding sequences have shown an excellent gene expression profile in a variety of animal models, as well as a reduced toxicity after systemic delivery. What is still unclear is whether long-term expression and therapeutic dosages of these vectors can be obtained ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.101122498
更新日期:2001-05-22 00:00:00
abstract::Eusociality is a major evolutionary innovation involving alterations in life history, morphology, and behavior. Advanced eusocial insects, such as ants, termites, and corbiculate bees, cannot provide insights into the earliest stages of eusocial evolution because eusociality in these taxa evolved long ago (in the Cret...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.012387999
更新日期:2002-01-08 00:00:00
abstract::The T-box transcription factor TBX5 plays essential roles in cardiac and limb development. Various mutations in the TBX5 gene have been identified in patients with Holt-Oram syndrome, which is characterized by congenital defects in the heart and upper extremities. In this study, we identified a WW-domain-containing tr...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0509109102
更新日期:2005-12-13 00:00:00
abstract::The mammalian intestinal epithelium undergoes continuous and rapid renewal of its four principal terminally differentiated cell types. These cells arise from multipotent stem cells located at or near the base of the crypts of Lieberkühn. The differentiation process is precisely organized along two spatial dimensions (...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.16.6408
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The thymic microenvironment involves complex cell interactions among different types of epithelial cells, macrophages, tissue histiocytes, and immature and maturing T cells. We describe the isolation of a subset of thymic epithelial cells by selective primary culture followed by cotransfection with a simian virus 40 r...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.84.14.4999
更新日期:1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have identified a protein present only in erythroid cells that binds to two adjacent sites within an enhancer region of the chicken beta-globin locus. Mutation of the sites, so that binding by the factor can no longer be detected in vitro, leads to a loss of enhancing ability, assayed by transient expression in pri...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.85.16.5976
更新日期:1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plants in dense vegetation compete for resources, including light, and optimize their growth based on neighbor detection cues. The best studied of such behaviors is the shade-avoidance syndrome that positions leaves in optimally lit zones of a vegetation. Although proximate vegetation is known to be sensed through a r...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1205437109
更新日期:2012-09-04 00:00:00
abstract::Ionizing radiation (IR) induces a variety of DNA lesions among which DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are the biologically most significant. It is currently unclear if DSB repair is equally efficient after low and high doses. Here, we use gamma-H2AX, phospho-ATM (pATM), and 53BP1 foci analysis to monitor DSB repair. We...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1002213107
更新日期:2010-08-10 00:00:00
abstract::The suppressor of Hairy-wing [su(Hw)] protein exerts a polar effect on gene expression by repressing the function of transcriptional enhancers located distally from the promoter with respect to the location of su(Hw) binding sequences. The directionality of this effect suggests that the su(Hw) protein specifically int...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.92.11.5184
更新日期:1995-05-23 00:00:00
abstract::The LSD1-CoREST histone demethylase complex is required to repress neuronal genes in nonneuronal tissues. Here we show that sumoylation of Braf35, one of the subunits of the complex, is required to maintain full repression of neuron-specific genes and for occupancy of the LSD1-CoREST complex at its gene targets. Inter...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1121522109
更新日期:2012-05-22 00:00:00
abstract::The Cdc28 protein kinase functions in the G1 to S phase transition of the cell cycle of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This is in contrast with observations of the homologous protein kinase from a variety of metazoans, where activity and function are associated with the G2 to M phase transition. We presen...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.15.5697
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A nonselective ex vivo assay was used to directly detect and quantify zidovudine (AZT)-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in the blood of treated and untreated patients. In contrast to previous reports, drug-resistant virus was detected in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of a few of the patients ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.1.25
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Look-through mutagenesis (LTM) is a multidimensional mutagenesis method that simultaneously assesses and optimizes combinatorial mutations of selected amino acids. The process focuses on a precise distribution within one or more complementarity determining region (CDR) domains and explores the synergistic contribution...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0503543102
更新日期:2005-06-14 00:00:00
abstract::Topical application of phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) elicits intense local inflammation that facilitates outgrowth of premalignant lesions in skin after carcinogen exposure. The inflammatory response to PMA treatment activates immune stimulatory mechanisms. However, we show here that PMA exposure also induces plasma...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0806173105
更新日期:2008-11-04 00:00:00
abstract::The gene V protein of bacteriophage f1 is a single-stranded DNA and RNA-binding protein composed of two identical subunits. We have constructed single-chain variants of the protein using short peptide linkers of five or six amino acids to connect the carboxyl terminus of one monomer to the amino terminus of the second...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.15.7010
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reaction networks displaying bistability provide a chemical mechanism for long-term memory storage in cells, as exemplified by many epigenetic switches. These biological systems are not only bistable but switchable, in the sense that they can be flipped from one state to the other by application of specific molecular ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1212069109
更新日期:2012-11-20 00:00:00
abstract::To help reach the target of tuberculosis (TB) disease elimination by 2050, vaccine development needs to occur now. We estimated the impact and cost-effectiveness of potential TB vaccines in low- and middle-income countries using an age-structured transmission model. New vaccines were assumed to be available in 2024, t...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1404386111
更新日期:2014-10-28 00:00:00