Abstract:
:Human orientation in novel and familiar environments is a complex skill that can involve numerous different strategies. To date, a comprehensive account of how these strategies interrelate at the behavioural level has not been documented, impeding the development of elaborate systems neuroscience models of spatial orientation. Here, we describe a virtual environment test battery designed to assess five of the core strategies used by humans to orient. Our results indicate that the ability to form a cognitive map is highly related to more basic orientation strategies, supporting previous proposals that encoding a cognitive map requires inputs from multiple domains of spatial processing. These findings provide a topology of numerous primary orientation strategies used by humans during orientation and will allow researchers to elaborate on neural models of spatial cognition that currently do not account for how different orientation strategies integrate over time based on environmental conditions.
journal_name
Exp Brain Resjournal_title
Experimental brain researchauthors
Arnold AE,Burles F,Krivoruchko T,Liu I,Rey CD,Levy RM,Iaria Gdoi
10.1007/s00221-012-3316-0subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-02-01 00:00:00pages
359-72issue
3eissn
0014-4819issn
1432-1106journal_volume
224pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The study was conducted to investigate the difference between Han Chinese and Caucasians on various parameters measured from responses to transcranial magnetic brain stimulation (TMS). Sixteen subjects were studied in each group. A circular coil at the vertex was used for stimulation, whilst recording surface electrom...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-013-3763-2
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent evidence suggests that brain injury can impair the ability to independently activate shoulder and elbow muscles. We hypothesized that if muscle activation patterns are constrained, then brain-injured subjects should not be able to accurately grade initial hand movement direction during reaching toward a broad r...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-002-1055-3
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Upper trunk bending movements were accompanied by opposite movements of the lower body segments. These axial kinematic synergies maintained equilibrium during the movement performance by stabilizing the center of gravity (CG), which shifted on average across all the subjects by 1 +/- 4 cm in the anteroposterior direct...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002210050274
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the effect of foot position and foot orientation on asymmetrical body weight loading and the inter- and intra-foot coordination dynamics of standing postures. The participants were instructed to stand with the feet side-by-side and in staggered and tandem positions with the right foot oriented at diffe...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-013-3627-9
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have reported previously that intracranial application of near-infrared light (NIr) reduces clinical signs and offers neuroprotection in a subacute MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) monkey model of Parkinson's disease. In this study, we explored whether NIr reduces the gliosis in this animal model...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-016-4720-7
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Owing to the flexibility and redundancy of neuromuscular and skeletal systems, humans can trace the same hand trajectory in space with various arm configurations. However, the joint trajectories of typical unrestrained movements tend to be consistent both within and across subjects. In this paper we propose a method t...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-005-0039-5
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study used the redundant target paradigm on healthy subjects to investigate functional hemispheric asymmetries and interhemispheric cooperation in the perception of emotions from faces. In Experiment 1 participants responded to checkerboards presented either unilaterally to the left (LVF) or right visual h...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-005-0279-4
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relations among spatial memory, Stroop-like colour-word subtests, and errors on antisaccade and memory-guided saccadic eye-movement trials for older and younger adults were tested. Two types of errors in the antisaccade task were identified: short latency prosaccade errors that were immediately corrected and longe...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-011-2921-7
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many studies have reported that blind people compensate for their visual deficit by sharpening auditory processes. Here we compare the sensitivity to echo cues between blind and sighted subjects. In the first experiment, the blind subjects were more accurate than the sighted subjects in localizing an object on the bas...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-005-2329-3
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability to make accurate reaching movements toward proprioceptively defined target locations was studied in seven normal subjects who were trained to reach to five different targets in a horizontal plane, with no vision of hand or target. The task consisted of moving a handle from a fixed origin to each target loc...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00229793
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Restoration of somatosensory deficits in humans requires a clear understanding of the neural representations of percepts. To characterize the cortical response to naturalistic somatosensation, we examined field potentials in the primary somatosensory cortex of humans. METHODS:Four patients with intractable e...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-019-05495-1
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The distribution of S1 (first somatosensory area) and S2 (second somatosensory area) neurons projecting to the contralateral S2 was studied with horseradish peroxidase in normal adult cats and in cats aged between 129 and 248 days in which the injected S2 area had been deprived of some of its input by an earlier lesio...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00235729
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Postural equilibrium is known to be controlled by sensorimotor reflexes and automatic control loops but also depends on high-level body representation in space, probably implicating the right temporoparietal cortex. Indeed, short-term prism adaptation to a 10 degrees rightward visual shift has been shown to reduce pre...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-002-1294-3
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The European Resuscitation Guidelines recommend that survivors of cardiac arrest (CA) be resuscitated with 100% O2 and undergo subsequent-post-return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC)-reduction of O2 supply to prevent hyperoxia. Hyperoxia produces a "second neurotoxic hit," which, together with the initial ischemic in...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-020-05746-6
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::During goal-directed arm movements, the eyes, head, and arm are coordinated to look at and reach the target. We examined whether the expectancy of visual information about the target modifies Anticipatory Postural Adjustments (APAs). Ten standing subjects had to (1) move the eyes, head and arm, so as to reach, with bo...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-017-4898-3
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We employed binocular magnetic search coils to study the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) and visually enhanced vestibulo-ocular reflex (VVOR) of 15 human subjects undergoing passive, whole-body rotations about a vertical (yaw) axis delivered as a series of pseudorandom transients and sinusoidal oscillations at frequenci...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/pl00005639
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Structural changes of the cerebellum have been reported in several psychiatric diseases like schizophrenia, autism and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Beside behavioral deficits children with ADHD often show slight motor abnormalities. Cerebellar malfunction may contribute. The cerebellum is a structu...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-009-2020-1
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Accurate information about gaze direction is required to direct the hand towards visual objects in the environment. In the present experiments, we tested whether retinal inputs affect the accuracy with which healthy subjects indicate their gaze direction with the unseen index finger after voluntary saccadic eye moveme...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-002-1029-5
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Brain-damaged patients may extinguish contralesional stimuli when ipsilesional stimuli are presented simultaneously. Most theories of extinction postulate that stimuli compete for pathologically limited attentional resources with a bias to process ipsilesional over contralesional stimuli. Implicit in this view is the ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-003-1823-8
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alcohol exposure can reduce adult proliferation and/or neurogenesis, but its impact on the ultimate neurogenic precursors, neural stem cells (NSCs), has been poorly addressed. Accordingly, the impact of voluntary consumption of alcohol on NSCs in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricle was examined in t...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-014-3958-1
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Saccadic accuracy, measured as the ratio of the size of a saccade to the size of the target step that elicits it, i.e., saccade gain, can be altered by jumping the target surreptitiously during the targeting saccade. The gain change produced by this paradigm does not generalize or transfer to saccades of all sizes. In...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002219900220
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to investigate, in healthy subjects, the modulation of amplitude and phase precision of the auditory steady-state response (ASSR) to 40 Hz stimulation in two resting conditions varying in the level of arousal. Previously, ASSR measures have shown to be affected by the level of arousal, but th...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-007-1111-0
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies exploring reflexive joint attention report that attention is more powerfully captured by interfering social signals (such as others' gaze or hand orientation) than by non-biological directional cues (such as an arrow). However, what remains unknown is whether these effects are mapped in purely spatial or in bo...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-009-1900-8
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The organisation of the human neuromuscular-skeletal system allows an extremely wide variety of actions to be performed, often with great dexterity. Adaptations associated with skill acquisition occur at all levels of the neuromuscular-skeletal system although all neural adaptations are inevitably constrained by the o...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-006-0547-y
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Descending projections from the mesencephalon and superior colliculus to the inferior olive were analyzed by an autoradiographic tracing method. Injections of tritium-labelled leucine were placed in regions which had previously been identified as sources of afferents to the olive. These were located adjacent to the ce...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01208593
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Within the substantia nigra, anatomical, neurochemical and pharmacological findings strongly suggest that transmitter and protein are secreted from the dendrites of nigrostriatal neurones. This phenomenon may underlie a non classical modulatory cellular mechanism. Two conductances are generated in nigrostriatal neuron...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00248875
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of an external constant force bias on the information transmitted (Ti) by the direction of isometric force exerted in 2-dimensional (2-D) space by human subjects were studied using an isometric manipulandum and random dot stereograms generated in a color display (Massey et al. 1988, Massey et al. 1990). Su...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00231171
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The repetition of muscle contractions is likely to generate fatigue which can provoke alterations of postural control. Regulatory mechanisms can be triggered to counteract these alterations. However, these mechanisms would occur only when fatigue is induced through voluntary (VOL) contractions and not with electricall...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-018-5418-9
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have used a secondary probe reaction time (RT) task to assess attentional demands of a primary task. The current study used a startling acoustic stimulus (SAS) in a probe RT paradigm to test the hypothesis that attentional resources would be directly related to limitations in response preparation. Par...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-015-4340-7
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pharmacology of synaptic transmission was studied in slices of rat piriform cortex using the selective non-NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist 6.7-dinitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (DNQX) and the selective NMDA receptor antagonist D-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoate (D-AP5). DNQX produced a dose-dependent blockade of synapt...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00231264
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00