Abstract：
:The ability to make accurate reaching movements toward proprioceptively defined target locations was studied in seven normal subjects who were trained to reach to five different targets in a horizontal plane, with no vision of hand or target. The task consisted of moving a handle from a fixed origin to each target location, fast and accurately. Target locations were learned in training sessions that utilized acoustic cuing. Most movements were rapid, with a bell-shaped velocity profile. The error in target reproduction, which constituted the difference between the position consciously identified as the correct target location and the real target location, was calculated in each trial. This was compared with the error in preprogrammed reaching, which constituted the difference between the point in space where the initial fast movement toward the target ended and the target location. The absence of significant differences between these two error types indicated that the transformation from an internal representation of target location into a motor program for reaching to it did not introduce an additional reaching error. Learning of target locations was done only with the right hand, yet, reaching of both hands was tested. This allowed a comparison between the subjects' ability to utilize a transformed spatial code (reaching with the untrained hand) and their ability to use a direct sensory-motor code (reaching with the trained hand). While transformation of the spatial code was found to reduce it's accuracy, utilization of this code in motor programming again did not appear to introduce an additional error.
journal_name
Exp Brain Resjournal_title
Experimental brain researchauthors
Hocherman Sdoi
10.1007/BF00229793subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-01-01 00:00:00pages
349-58issue
2eissn
0014-4819issn
1432-1106journal_volume
95pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Previous investigations have revealed that perceived spatial frequency of gratings rises as contrast is lowered. In order to account for this finding it has been postulated that the spatial frequency which produces the maximum response from cortical neurones decreases with contrast. We have examined this hypothesis by...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00236862
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has long been assumed that the human central nervous system uses flexible combinations of several muscle synergies to effortlessly and efficiently control redundant movements. However, whether muscle synergies exist in the neural circuit remains controversial, and it is critical to examine the association between t...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-015-4253-5
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Olfactory neurones of Xenopus laevis were studied by the patch clamp technique under voltage-clamp conditions. Isolated receptor cells were obtained by dissociating the olfactory mucosa in a Ca(2+)-free solution. Usually some of the resulting isolated olfactory cells lost all of their cilia during the dissociation pro...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00231774
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although postural control requires the integration of different sensory cues, little is known about the role of attentional artifacts on the individual's ability to properly respond to postural challenges. This study investigated the effects of concomitant tasks (cognitive and postural) on the relationship between vis...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-016-4762-x
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to determine whether neurones in the parvicellular reticular formation are in direct synaptic contact with motoneurones innervating facial muscles, a combined retrograde and anterograde transport study was carried out in the rat. Animals received injections of the retrograde tracer cholera toxin B conjugated ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00227336
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Caloric vestibular stimulation (CVS) is a physiological technique demonstrated to transiently improve hemianaesthesia in right brain-damaged patients (Bottini et al. in Exp Brain Res 99(1):164-169, 1994, Nature 376:778-781, 1995, Neurology 65(8):1278-1283, 2005). Recent studies suggest that these effects are based on ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-010-2450-9
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP) conjugate was injected into the lumbar or cervical spinal cord of adult cats in order to examine its usefulness as an anterograde tracer of long ascending spinal tracts. Heavily labeled fibers and terminal-like structures were found in restricted regions of the gr...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00237154
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study examines the process of learning to walk from a functional perspective. To move forward, one must generate and control propulsive forces. To achieve this, it is necessary to create and tune a distance between the centre of mass (CoM) and the centre of pressure (CoP) along the antero-posterior axis. We hypot...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-015-4378-6
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study examined whether brain responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) would be amenable to classical conditioning. Motor cortex in human participants was stimulated with TMS pulses, which elicited a peripheral motor response in the form of a motor evoked potential (MEP). The TMS pulses were paired wit...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-007-1052-7
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Earlier studies have reported temporal rotation of Listing's plane with convergence of the eyes causing torsion, which is dependent on eye elevation. The amount by which the planes rotate differs from study to study. To gain insight into the functional significance of the temporal tilt of Listing's plane for vision, w...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002210050727
更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cerebral response evoked by stimulation of the bulbar pyramidal tract in wood rats, like that of laboratory rats, consisted of a small alpha wave, almost obscured by a very large, superimposed r wave. The alpha wave behaved like a purely antidromic response, whereas the r wave behaved like a postsynaptic response,...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00228700
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We conducted a series of experiments to determine whether negative priming is used in the process of target selection for a saccadic eye movement. The key questions addressed the circumstances in which the negative priming of an object takes place, and the distinction between spatial and object-based effects. Experime...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00221-012-3234-1
更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dorsal horn neurons that express the neurokinin 1 receptor (NK-1R) play an important role in nociceptive processing. The targetting of NK-1R neurons by serotoninergic (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) axons would provide a straightforward means to exert an inhibitory analgesic effect at spinal level. This study used single ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-004-2018-7
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study used the redundant target paradigm on healthy subjects to investigate functional hemispheric asymmetries and interhemispheric cooperation in the perception of emotions from faces. In Experiment 1 participants responded to checkerboards presented either unilaterally to the left (LVF) or right visual h...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-005-0279-4
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Effects of electrical stimulation of the ipsilateral tooth pulp (TP) on C1 spinal neurons were determined in 33 anesthetized rats. One hundred and seven neurons responded to TP stimulation. In 10 rats, the activity of 18 C1 spinal neurons and the amplitude of a digastric electromyogram (dEMG, n = 10) increased proport...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002210050742
更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:If horizontal saccades or smooth-pursuit eye movements are made with the line-of-sight at different elevations, the three-dimensional (3D) angular rotation axis of the globe tilts by half the vertical eye eccentricity. This phenomenon is named "half-angle rule" and is a consequence of Listing's law. It was recently fo...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002210050943
更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The fluorescent dye diamidino yellow was injected into parts of the developing visual and auditory systems in the rat. The dye was retrogradely transported by projecting neurones and was found to stain pyknotic profiles within the labelled cell populations. It is thus possible to visualize directly the death of neuron...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00228865
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nociceptive suppression of tonic voluntary electromyographic (EMG) activity in human hand muscles (cutaneous silent period, CSP) is in its functional organization consistent with a spinal protective reflex. Motoneuronal excitability and its modulation may also be investigated by conditioned motor evoked potentials (ME...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-008-1372-2
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An experiment was performed to characterise the movement kinematics and the electromyogram (EMG) during rhythmic voluntary flexion and extension of the wrist against different compliant (elastic-viscous-inertial) loads. Three levels of each type of load, and an unloaded condition, were employed. The movements were pac...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-001-0946-z
更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In healthy subjects, suprathreshold repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) at frequencies >2 Hz prolongs the cortical silent period (CSP) over the course of the train. This progressive lengthening probably reflects temporal summation of the inhibitory interneurons in the stimulated primary motor cortex (M...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-005-0296-3
更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Under anesthesia with N2O (70%) and halothane (2-4%), complex spikes of Purkinje cells were extracellularly recorded in the nodulus and flocculus of immobilized pigmented rabbits. Optokinetic stimulation (OKS) was delivered to each eye as repetitive movements of a random dot pattern. The visual field of each eye was d...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00228792
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inter-limb learning transfer (ILT) between the upper-limbs has been well documented, but no corresponding study of the lower limbs has been done. We investigated ILT in the lower limbs of subjects who learned to move a cursor toward targets within 800 ms using ankle movements: plantar/dorsi-flexion and inversion/evers...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-008-1547-x
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Humans use a specific steering synergy, where the eyes and head lead rotation to the new direction, when executing a turn or change in direction. Increasing evidence suggests that eye movement is critical for turning control and that when the eyes are constrained, or participants have difficulties making eye movements...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-013-3466-8
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The accomplishment of mature locomotor movements relies upon the integrated coordination of the lower and upper limbs and the trunk. Human adults normally swing their arms and a quadrupedal limb coordination persists during bipedal walking despite a strong corticospinal control of the upper extremities that allows to ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-018-5201-y
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous data have indicated that, if guinea pigs are deprived of all visual information during a crucial period early in development (26-30 days after birth), the map of auditory space in the superior colliculus (SC) is completely disrupted. In the experiments reported here, multi-unit auditory receptive fields were ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00241121
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pain serves to protect against bodily threat, and therefore initiates protective responses such as attending toward threat-relevant information. Since pain is often exacerbated by executing movements, these motor actions may serve as cues for pain. Up to date, however, pain-related attention during movement remains la...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-020-05790-2
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The dual visuomotor channel theory proposes that prehension consists of a Reach that transports the hand in relation to an object's extrinsic properties (e.g., location) and a Grasp that shapes the hand to an object's intrinsic properties (e.g., size and shape). In central vision, the Reach and the Grasp are integrate...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-014-3945-6
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The importance of the caudal ventrolateral medulla (CVLM) in mediating vagal cardiopulmonary (Bezold-Jarisch reflex) reflex activity was studied in urethane-anaesthetized rats. Unilateral electrolytic lesion of the CVLM markedly attenuated Bezold-Jarisch reflex responses (hypotension and bradycardia) elicited by intra...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00230698
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Stellate cells within the ventral cochlear nucleus (VCN) are a diverse cell group that have been classified according to their size and morphology. Some of these stellate cell types constitute major projection neurones into the brainstem and directly into the inferior colliculus, while others are implicated in more lo...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-003-1602-6
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Interlateral transfer of learning between the legs in body balance training is a topic of theoretical and practical interest, but it has been left untouched in previous research. In this investigation, we aimed to evaluate the magnitude and asymmetry of interlateral transfer of balance stability following the practice...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-020-05930-8
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
