Abstract：
:The distribution of intrauterine embryo implantation site(s) in most mammalian species shows remarkably constant patterns: in monotocous species such as humans, an embryo tends to implant in the uterine fundus; in polytocous species such as rodents, embryos implant evenly along the uterine horns. These long-time evolved patterns bear great biological significance because disruption of these patterns can have adverse effects on pregnancies. However, lack of suitable models and in vivo monitoring techniques has impeded the progress in understanding the mechanisms of intrauterine embryo distribution. These obstacles are being overcome by genetically engineered mouse models and newly developed high-resolution ultrasound. It has been revealed that intrauterine embryo distribution involves multiple events including uterine sensing of an embryo, fine-tuned uterine peristaltic movements, time-controlled uterine fluid reabsorption and uterine luminal closure, as well as embryo orientation. Diverse molecular factors, such as steroid hormone signaling, lipid signaling, adrenergic signaling, developmental genes, ion/water channels, and potentially embryonic signaling are actively involved in intrauterine embryo distribution. This review covers the biomechanical and molecular aspects of intrauterine embryo distribution (embryo spacing at the longitudinal axis and embryo orientation at the vertical axis), as well as its pathophysiological roles in human reproductive medicine. Future progress requires multi-disciplinary research efforts that will integrate in vivo animal models, clinical cases, physiologically relevant in vitro models, and biomechanical/computational modeling. Understanding the mechanisms for intrauterine embryo distribution could potentially lead to development of therapeutics for treating related conditions in reproductive medicine.
journal_name
Mol Aspects Medjournal_title
Molecular aspects of medicineauthors
Chen Q,Zhang Y,Elad D,Jaffa AJ,Cao Y,Ye X,Duan Edoi
10.1016/j.mam.2012.07.017subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-10-01 00:00:00pages
1024-42issue
5eissn
0098-2997issn
1872-9452pii
S0098-2997(12)00100-8journal_volume
34pub_type
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journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine
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journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine
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journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine
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journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine
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journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine
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journal_title：Molecular aspects of medicine
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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